Abstract: Poetry is an effective means for children to learn a language. To effectively carry out poetry teaching, we should start with the selection of teaching materials, the establishment of teaching objectives and the selection of teaching methods. Effective teaching strategies include: teaching content should be educational, teaching objectives should be appropriate, and teaching methods should have the best effect; By using various teaching methods flexibly, effective teaching objectives can be achieved. Effective teaching means not only effective teaching for teachers, but also effective learning for students. The spirit of the outline should be embodied in teaching, so that children can become the main body of learning and teachers can become the guides, supporters and collaborators of activities. I reflected on the current situation of teaching and put forward my own opinions. Key words: the concepts of kindergarten, effective teaching and effective teaching of poetry originated from the scientific teaching movement in the west in the first half of the 20th century, and attracted the attention of educators all over the world after the American pragmatic philosophy and the teaching effectiveness verification movement influenced by behavioral psychology. First, the meaning of effective teaching 1. Effective teaching refers to the concrete progress or development made by teachers after a certain period of teaching. 2. The progress and development of the educated is the only criterion to measure the teaching effect. 2. What does kindergarten poetry include? How to carry out effective poetry teaching in kindergartens? Children's poetry is aimed at children. Its theme is simple, its content is simple, its rhythm is concise, lively and harmonious, it is full of children's interest, it is catchy to read, and it is easy to recite, remember and express emotions. It is a literary form that children love to see and hear. Including children's songs, ancient poems, riddles, tongue twisters, prose poems and so on. How to effectively teach poetry in kindergartens should start with the selection of teaching content, the realization of teaching objectives and the flexible use of teaching methods, so as to stimulate children's active learning and finally achieve the goal of improving children's learning efficiency. Iii. Strategies for Effective Poetry Teaching (1) Choosing content with educational value is the premise of effective teaching. The selected teaching materials should be ideological and conform to the concept of harmonious society; Content should be suitable for children's age characteristics; Poetry language should be simple and easy to understand, images should be vivid and vivid, and sentences should be neat and catchy; It can promote the development of children's language and play a good guiding role in the formation of children's good behavior quality. For example, the poem "Home" (the middle class of the comprehensive activity class in kindergarten) cultivates children's feelings of loving the motherland from an early age through a series of images of "blue sky, white clouds, rivers, fish, soil, seeds, us and the motherland"; By appreciating the symmetrical and neat sentences in poetry, children can develop a good sense of language, enrich their vocabulary and develop their language expression ability. (b) Appropriate target 1. Finding the nearest development zone and setting reasonable goals are the basis of effective teaching. The establishment of teaching objectives should be based on children's age characteristics and regional characteristics, and should not be set blindly. In order to determine the nearest development area, we should effectively achieve reasonable goals through teaching activities. The goal positioning is too high, which is not conducive to children's learning and mastery; If the goal is too low, it will not play its due role in the development of children's language ability. 2. The goal orientation of harmonious and consistent development with the teaching of various disciplines follows the kindergarten comprehensive curriculum plan, and poetry teaching should be coordinated with the teaching of other disciplines, with a coordinated overall goal to form a teaching synergy. For example, language activities, such as learning the poem "Chinese New Year" ("Comprehensive Activity Course for Kindergarten Middle Class"), social activities, such as "Happy New Year" and art activities, such as making greeting cards, are carried out around the same theme and have achieved good teaching results. 3. The goal orientation of ideological and moral education. A good poem should have positive ideological education significance, which can cultivate children's good qualities and develop their positive emotions. For example, the poem "Don't say I'm young" ("Comprehensive Activity Class in Kindergarten") "Mom, don't say I'm young, I can dress and wash my feet; Dad, don't call me Xiao, I can clean the table and sweep the floor; Grandma, don't call me Xiao, I can water the flowers; Today, when I grow up, I can do many things. " This poem praises a child who is unwilling to be young and takes the initiative to help his parents share the housework. Encourage children to love labor and be willing to do small things within their power. This is of great educational significance in today's unhealthy social atmosphere of being an only child, being self-centered, making ends meet and despising labor. 4. Developing children's language ability aims at learning 2-3 new words, understanding the meaning and mastering the application; In the process of appreciating poetry, we can feel the beautiful and symmetrical sentences of poetry, cultivate a good sense of language, enrich children's vocabulary and develop their language expression ability. (4) Flexible use of various methods. There are many effective ways to teach poetry. Sometimes, in order to achieve teaching goals, it is necessary to use various methods flexibly. This is the key to effective teaching. 1. Situational Narrative Method I compile poems into interesting stories, tell them to children vividly, stimulate their interest in learning, help children understand the contents of poems, understand the meanings expressed in poems, and learn to master poems. It can generally be used when introducing activities. For example, children's songs enjoy the "New Year Card" ("Kindergarten Infiltration Course" Middle Class ") with small snowflakes and six petals. Float here, float there. Float on our drawing paper and become a New Year film ... "I personified the little snowflake and told it. "Once upon a time, there was a beautiful six-petal snowflake floating on the children's drawing paper. Guess what it became? Turn into a New Year card ",this method is also very attractive to young children, and will quickly focus on poetry learning, thus improving their interest in learning and helping them understand and master poetry. 2. The performance method is to perform according to the content of the poem, transform the complicated description into a vivid performance, and effectively help children understand and learn poetry. Performance "Come in" (middle class of "Infiltration Field Course" in kindergarten): Benedict, "Who is knocking at the door?" It's me, white rabbit. "If you are really a white rabbit, let's see your long ears." ; Benedict, "Who is knocking at the door?" "It's me, sika deer." "If you are really a sika deer, let's look at the horns on your head" ... I choose animal headdresses for children to wear and play all kinds of small animals. The children were immediately attracted by the vivid performance, quickly grasped the content of the poem and remembered the long dialogue in the poem. This method is used in the introduction stage at the beginning of teaching to improve children's interest in learning; Or to review, improve children's memory effect and strengthen memory. 3. Small icon teaching is to make the image in the poem into a small picture according to the content of the poem. Turn text symbols into graphic symbols to help children learn and master poetry effectively. For example, the poem "Don't call me young" (in nave, a comprehensive activity class in kindergarten) reads: "Mom, don't call me young, I can dress and wash my feet. Dad, don't call me young. I can clean the table and sweep the floor. Grandma, don't call me Xiao. I'll water the flowers. Today, when I grow up, I can do many things. " I made little icons of my parents and grandparents according to the content of the poem, and converted the text symbols into icons, so that children can remember the content of the poem accurately when they see the icons, which effectively improved the learning efficiency. This method is mostly used for teaching and consolidating learning. 4. Multimedia teaching method This teaching method can break the limitation of time and space, and quickly present the content that is difficult to describe. It is a way for teachers to make multimedia courseware according to the content of poetry, play the courseware in the teaching process, help children understand the content of poetry and learn poetry effectively. For example, the ancient poem Ode to the Goose, "Goose, Goose, with Xiang Tiange's curves, white hair floating green water, red palm clearing waves", I made a courseware, "A white goose swimming on the water, its curves singing, red feet stirring the clear river", which brought the children to the artistic conception expressed by the ancients at once, and the teaching effect was good. Children's poems appreciate snowy days, like festivals: "It snowed all night, and the world changed completely. A parked car is like bulging bread; Round roof, want a cream cake; Branches are like chubby French fries ... "This poem describes a snowy day. I made a teaching courseware with multimedia, and showed the contents of the poem in front of the children with a picture. While enjoying the beautiful snow scene, children quickly learned poetry. They can feel the beauty of poetry and inspire their feelings of loving life. This method is widely used in poetry teaching and plays a role in helping children understand poetry in ancient poetry teaching. 5. The use of body language poetry pays attention to the symmetry of format. A poem often has several paragraphs, and the content of each paragraph is similar to that of a sentence, so children often get confused. In order to help children understand memory, I use body movements to enhance memory. Such as: tongue twister "broken cabbage" "broken cabbage, moving cabbage; Break the cabbage and move it away; After moving the cabbage, break the cabbage. " Tongue twister has three sentences, but the pronunciation is similar, and the three sounds of "broken, white and dynamic" are easy to be confused. At this time, I distinguish them by "dynamic action and broken action" in children's learning, which plays a very good role in distinguishing them. The poem "Home" (the middle class of "Kindergarten Comprehensive Activity Curriculum"): "The blue sky is the home of white clouds, the forest is the home of birds, the river is the home of fish, and the soil is the home of seeds. We are the flowers of the motherland and the motherland is our home. " I waved my hands up and down to show the blue sky, waved my hands behind my back to show the fish swimming, and put my hands on my chest to show the seeds. In this way, when children are learning, they can accurately remember every sentence in the poem through action prompts, without confusion, and the teaching effect is very good. This method helps children to master poetry effectively and accurately. This method can also improve children's interest in learning when teaching small classes. 6 Whispers In riddle teaching, children guess the answer according to the description of the riddle. For example, the riddle "hand" and "a tree with five forks, no leaves and no flowers, everything depends on it." In teaching, the teacher guides the children to guess what everyone has according to the content described by the teacher, and lets the children whisper their answers into the teacher's ear. This not only increases the mystery of teaching, but also does not affect others' learning. 7. Imitation is based on children's familiarity with poetry, and imitation is based on the structure of the original poem. For example, the poem "Yuan Yuan" (kindergarten "Infiltration Field Course" class) "The ball is round, the tambourine is round, and the plate is round, depending on whether the wall clock is round or round". Inspired by the teacher, the children created "oranges are round, apples are round, watermelons are round, see if the cake is round or round". Through imitation activities, children can effectively master the structural characteristics of poetry, develop their language expression ability, and enrich their imagination and creativity. 8. Game method In poetry learning, I use the game of "See who is right" and "The teacher says the first sentence of the poem, and the child comes to the next sentence" to help the child remember the poem. For example, in the poem "New Year" (kindergarten comprehensive activity class), "I had a dream that the new year was coming, and I was traveling in space in a spaceship. I asked the star, "What is Chinese New Year?" The stars whispered, "New Year is lanterns and firecrackers". I asked the moon, "What is the New Year? The moon said loudly, "New Year is a new dress and a new hat." . " ; I asked the sun, "What is the New Year?" The sun said loudly, "The new year is happiness and progress" ..... When my children first learned poetry, I asked them to play games with me. The children are attracted by this kind of game form with certain competitive nature, and their attention is very concentrated. On the basis of understanding, they quickly remembered the poem. This method can play a role in consolidating teaching. Fourth, reflection in teaching: 1. Pay attention to the cultivation of language expression ability and ignore the education of ideological quality. At present, the examination and talent selection system directly affect people's value orientation, and the phenomenon of taking ability training as the teaching center and ignoring moral education has to attract our attention. In teaching, while paying attention to developing language expression ability, we should strengthen children's ideological education, expand children's emotional experience and cultivate all-round talents for building a harmonious society. 2. Pay attention to teachers' effective teaching and ignore children's effective learning. Kindergarten Syllabus points out that children are the masters of learning, and teachers should be the supporters, collaborators and guides of children's learning activities. Teachers should not only provide effective learning methods for children, but also fully mobilize their learning enthusiasm and guide them to learn actively. Through effective study, children can be improved in emotion, thinking, knowledge level and ability. 3. Pay attention to the organic combination of various teaching forms, and don't blindly use teaching forms. For example, in the teaching of the poem "Snow Day, Like a Festival" (the middle class of the kindergarten "Infiltration Field Course"), the "multimedia teaching method" is used to help children understand the content of the poem. On the basis of children's initial learning, in order to improve children's learning effect, the "game method" is adopted to deepen children's understanding and memory of this poem. Teachers should be familiar with textbooks and use various teaching methods flexibly to achieve effective teaching. Teachers should choose the most effective methods according to the needs of teaching materials, do not grandstanding, and are keen to change the external form. 4. Pay attention to the effectiveness of questioning, strengthen the communication between teachers and students, and establish more interactive links between teachers and students. In poetry teaching, teachers should have clear answers to their questions; Some questions are ambiguous and difficult for children to answer, so such questions have no effect; Teachers should also try to guide children to actively participate in activities, increase teaching interaction, and guide children to learn actively. On the basis of mastering poetry, encourage children to imitate poetry. 5. Pay attention to improving children's memory level. In early childhood, unintentional memory gradually develops into intentional memory, and children's unintentional memory occupies a certain position. Children are sometimes attracted by interesting teaching forms. Once the novelty passes, their attention is not enough, and there is a state of "young monks chanting scriptures, unintentionally inserting willows into the shade". Teachers should pay attention to the purpose of cultivating children's memory, guide children to develop from unintentional memory to intentional memory, and from mechanical memory to image memory. V. Perceptions in teaching (1) Teachers should establish effective teaching consciousness and fully grasp the basic concepts of effective teaching. Always ask yourself: I am sure what is the purpose of this theme? Isn't the teaching method I choose the best way to achieve my goal? Does my teaching plan reflect gradual progress and conform to children's cognitive characteristics? Is the question valid? Is every link necessarily related and indispensable? Is the overall schedule appropriate? Does the core link have enough time to perceive, understand and learn? Do you have time for children to communicate with each other and interact with teachers and classmates? (2) Teachers should arouse children's enthusiasm for learning and take the initiative to learn, and guide children to gradually learn how to appreciate poetry. In teaching, I found that children's understanding has great room for development. As long as the teacher pays attention to guidance, children will gradually learn and analyze poetry under the guidance of the teacher, which is very beneficial for children to learn poetry. 1. Understand the theme of the poem, such as: What does the poem say? Tell us a truth? 2. Learning vocabulary to new words, the key point should be to help children understand the meaning of words and learn to make sentences in their own words. Enrich children's vocabulary and develop their language skills. 3. Guide children to understand the structure of poetry and feel the symmetrical beauty and beautiful artistic conception of poetry. On the basis of children's initial study of poetry, it is helpful to study and analyze the structure of poetry effectively. Find out how many paragraphs there are in the first poem. How many sentences are there in each paragraph? Are the words in every paragraph in the poem the same? What is the difference? Where is it the same? Teach children to understand the symmetry of paragraphs and sentences in poetry and feel the artistic conception expressed in poetry. For example, the poem "The Moon" (the middle class of "Infiltrating the Field Course" in kindergarten) "There is a moon hanging on the top of each tree. The bird said: The moon and I are good. There is a moon floating in every bay pond. Frog said: the moon and I are good; Each washbasin contains a moon. The children said, "The moon is good for me. "I show the icons of the moon, birds, ponds, frogs, washbasins and children, and guide the children to say that there are three paragraphs in the poem according to the small icons. There are three sentences in each paragraph, and each paragraph has the same number of words. And experience the quiet and harmonious beauty of poetry, and feel the beautiful artistic conception in the moonlight. (3) Learn according to the rules of memory. In the long-term poetry teaching, I found that after learning poetry, if I don't organize scientific review, I often forget it in a few days. German psychologist Ebbinghaus found that forgetting begins immediately after learning, and the process of forgetting is not uniform. The speed of forgetting was very fast at first, and then it gradually slowed down. After the initial study of poetry, children should be constantly organized to review according to the rules of memory, which is an important means to improve their effective learning. Poetry is an effective means of language learning in kindergartens. Children's poetry can not only enrich children's knowledge, develop language and enlighten their wisdom, but also cultivate children's hearts and emotions and feel beautiful. References: Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education, Ideas and Strategies of Effective Kindergarten Teaching, Yue Yaping, School of Education Science, Henan University.