1. Prepare your speech
The lecture is the manuscript read by the respondent in the defense, which can be longer and more detailed than the abstract. Its length depends on the limited time to read the paper, and it is best to read it within the specified time. In this way, the time will not come, you still have a lot to read, and the later the content is, the more important it will be, which will affect the judges' evaluation of the paper.
The lecture is actually a detailed outline of the paper, which should include the following contents:
(1) background and significance of the topic. That is, the principle and basis of topic selection;
(2) The history and present situation of this study mainly point out the existing problems and show the pertinence of this study. This part should be concise and clear, and don't take up more time;
(3) demonstration materials. Demonstration materials are divided into theoretical materials and applied materials. For the application materials that have been proved by experiments or have the effect of production application, you should explain them in detail in your defense, because these materials are very convincing. Theoretical materials should explain their sources and sources to prove their accuracy.
(4) Demonstration process. Argumentation should be logical, and several key steps should be pointed out to make people believe that the paper has gone through a rigorous argumentation process.
(5) Introduce arguments. The primary problem of this paper is that the argument should be correct and the conclusion should be reasonable. When writing an outline, you can list several important conclusions. When reading, the terms are clear and the outline is clear.
(6) The conclusion should be realistic, not self-exaggerating or self-belittling, and the judges should use the language of "filling in the blank of XXX" and "reaching the advanced level of XXX" cautiously, which is very taboo for the judges.
Sometimes the outline of the paper can be projected onto the subtitles for the judges' reference.
Prepare for the answer
When defending, the questions raised by the judges usually involve the following aspects.
(1) Investigate whether the paper work was completed by myself and the author's understanding and grasp of the paper work;
(2) To guide the author to further elaborate and develop the creative work and original opinions in the paper;
(3) Ask about the mistakes, ambiguities and undeveloped places in the paper, as well as the important discoveries and work that I didn't realize;
(4) Please make a self-evaluation of the paper and how to continue the work in the future;
(5) Ask questions related to thesis defense, and examine students' academic level, scientific research level and expression ability.
So prepare some questions that may be asked according to the content of the paper. When preparing the answer, you should consider it in more detail and comprehensively, and even design the answer like the judges. These answers may be similar to those listed in the outline, but they are more detailed. Generally speaking, we should prepare from the following aspects:
(1) Why did you choose this topic? What is the scientific value and theoretical significance of this topic? What role does it play in national economic and social construction?
(2) What are the basic ideas, main viewpoints and contents of the paper?
(3) What achievements have you made in your research? What have predecessors done? What are their main achievements and opinions? What are the controversial issues at present? What's your opinion? What's your argument?
(4) What is the basis of this paper?
(5) What are the innovations in this paper, what problems have been raised and solved, and what are the lessons and supplements to the previous achievements?
(6) What documents did you refer to in your writing? The versions and sources of important quotations, and the authors of the main references?
(7) How well do you understand and master the issues closely related to your topic?
(8) Are there any difficult problems in your research? Is there any problem that should be solved, but it is beyond our power? What do you think is the weakness?
(9) What do you think of the research on this subject? What problems need further study and how to improve them in the future?
Be mentally prepared
First of all, we should be prepared psychologically. Not afraid, not contemptuous, strategically contemptuous and tactically important. If you want to get a diploma, you must pass the defense, and you must be afraid. Just let go of your baggage, emancipate your mind and go into battle lightly. If you play well, it will be easy to deal with it. Of course, the relaxed premise is to make all material preparations and fight an unprepared war. With sufficient material preparation, we can relax our nervous mood and meet the judges' evaluation with confidence.
To this end, we need to know the common sense of thesis defense, such as the purpose, process and requirements of defense, be familiar with relevant regulations, attend some other people's defense meetings, learn from graduates and draw lessons; Know the members of the defense Committee, know what experts they are, what majors they are good at, etc. Familiarize yourself with your graduation thesis, so that you can answer any questions casually; Try to talk to yourself or others, invite students to be judges, make suggestions and make improvements.
Thesis defense is an unforgettable and glorious moment in life, and you should spend it happily and proudly.
Attend a defense meeting
To participate in the defense meeting, you should bring papers and related main materials to prepare for the defense. Also bring a pen and notebook, write down every question and opinion put forward by the judges in time, and then answer them in order.
First of all, look at the lecture notes of the paper in your spare time. Finally, don't forget to say thank you to the teacher who guided you. Then avoid paper and pen and wait for the judges to ask questions quietly.
When the judges ask questions, they should concentrate on recording the meaning of the questions carefully and correctly, not necessarily word for word, but just remember the overall meaning. If you don't understand the question clearly, don't answer it rashly, because if you answer the question you don't understand, you will definitely answer the irrelevant question. At this time, please politely ask the questioner to stop again or repeat his understanding of the question. Is that what you mean? If so, you can give an answer.
Answer with confidence and generosity, and express your understanding and views on this question in fluent and clear language. But you should also be cautious, and you can fully answer if you are sure, so that you can give full play to your advantages and show your talent and theoretical depth on this issue. If you are not sure, don't make excuses, quibble, talk nonsense, or even try to muddle through. Because the judges are all authoritative and have deep research on this issue, his question must be well-founded. Under such circumstances, I can realistically say that I haven't figured this out yet, and I will definitely learn from my predecessors and conduct in-depth research on this issue in the future. Doing so does not mean that you are ignorant, but that you are open-minded and eager to learn and win the favor and understanding of the judges.
The so-called defense means that there are both "answers" and "arguments", allowing the respondent to debate a certain issue. Sometimes the judge will deliberately put forward a negative argument or even a wrong argument to guide the respondent to debate, so as to examine his ability to distinguish right from wrong. /p- 1 146349882708 . html
The questions raised by the judges are generally related to the specialty and content of the paper, and they are also questions that the author should solve and be able to answer. If necessary, some extensions can be made to understand the author's knowledge and depth. I won't ask questions about the whole subject, I won't cover everything, I won't stay away from the paper, and I won't deliberately embarrass the author. The questions raised are often the key parts of the paper, or the problems that the author has not noticed, or the weak links and shortcomings in the paper. You need to answer all the key questions that have a certain weight and can truly reflect your knowledge level and thesis level. Even if there is something beyond the scope, the respondent should politely tell the judges that this is not your research scope. Never answer the judges with diplomatic words such as "no comment", which will give up all previous efforts. No matter what questions the judges ask and what conclusions they draw, they should say "thank you" and leave generously and politely.