According to the characteristics of the site, the design is to observe, investigate and synthesize the intertwined status quo, the relationship between things and various situations to the maximum extent, and to make the artificial environment and the surrounding environment harmonious and unified through the design method of minimum intervention in terms of appearance and culture, as well as the relationship between people and entities, just as it naturally grows in the site.
2 continuation of regionality
With the development of the times, landscape architects absorb and integrate international culture and create new regional culture or national culture, but they must not leave the soil and social environment on which they live. In design, we should grasp the following principles: ① carry forward the essence of traditional design principles and basic theories and apply them to practical creation; (2) Extract the most distinctive part of the traditional form, abstract it, concentrate on improving it and endow it with new ideas, and creatively reproduce the tradition; ③ Respect regional traditions, environment and culture.
3 the construction of indigenous plant communities
Plants have very important ecological benefits, such as purifying air, water and soil, improving urban microclimate, reducing noise and monitoring environmental pollution. In the design, both ornamental and scientific aspects should be taken into account, and the ecological habits of plants should be consistent with local ecological conditions based on zonal vegetation types. Plant configuration is mainly native tree species, which reflects the plant landscape characteristics of this area. In the specific plant allocation process, we should take the community as the unit, combine arbor, shrub and grass, pay attention to the reasonable collocation between plants, and form a compound structure with stable structure, complete functions and stable community. In order to achieve the complementarity between species, so as to achieve the coordination between population, community and environment.
4 Protection and utilization of water resources
In landscape architecture design, ecological factors generally focus on water purification, surface water circulation, rainwater collection, constructed wetland system, dynamic flow of water and economical utilization of water resources.
5 Utilization of waste materials
In the post-industrial period, some landscape designers put forward and tried the design idea of minimal intervention on the site, and tried to respect the landscape characteristics and ecological development process of the site during the transformation of the abandoned land. For example, the North Duisburg Landscape Architecture, the original material warehouse has become a small garden with different themes. In these designs, the materials and energy on the site are recycled as much as possible, and many industrial wasteland has changed from wilderness to industrial zone, and then to urban park, which has become a daily leisure place for citizens. Bricks and tiles, industrial wastes, slag piles, cement slabs, railings, etc. left in the site have all become good landscape building materials, and their utilization is not only closely related to the historical atmosphere of the site, but also "there is no' waste' in nature".
6. Respect the natural process
The natural system is endless, which provides various conditions and processes for maintaining human survival and meeting their needs. Nature can organize itself or design itself.
Gaia theory shows that the whole earth is a natural system that survives and continues in self-design. If a pond is not maintained by artificial lining cement or chemicals, all kinds of algae, weeds and insects will grow in its water or near the water, and eventually it will evolve into an aquatic community with rich species. The richness and complexity of natural systems far exceed the ability of manual design.
The self-design of this natural system