2. Recite some function words in classical Chinese, understand the meaning of their polysemous words and accumulate them.
3. Pay attention to the semantic changes of notional words in classical Chinese and modern Chinese: some words have expanded, some words have shrunk and some words have changed.
Write an article in modern Chinese first, and then consider turning it into classical Chinese. Once you are proficient, you can do it in one step. And pay attention to the grammar of ancient Chinese.
For example, I heard that you want to learn classical Chinese. Think about it and gather your daily accumulation to help you. It is gratifying to recite the classics of ancient scholars and learn from your wisdom. It's only been a few months since I learned the methods of classical Chinese. I hope you study hard and think more. In a few years, we will see you!
2. How to write a composition in classical Chinese? Can classical Chinese writing add points to college entrance examination composition? The person in charge of marking the college entrance examination composition in this city clearly stated, "We don't encourage this kind of attempt, but we are protective."
How to understand this position? He specifically explained, "The most important thing in an article is the content. No matter what form it is, let's see if it is relevant first. What is the concept and composition? Is there any unique innovative thinking? It is possible to get high scores when these aspects meet a class of standards. " On this basis, if candidates write in classical Chinese or ancient Chinese, with proper allusions and clever words and sentences, they will be able to "add icing on the cake", and the original 63 points may be given 65 points; If there are some grammatical mistakes, considering that ancient Chinese is not the language of daily communication today, it is not easy for students to write accurately, and the punishment for writing will not be too tight; However, if the original text is irrelevant, but also deliberately showing off the text, full of fallacies, it can only be "worse."
According to reports, in recent years, some college entrance examination candidates did try to write in classical Chinese, but most of them belonged to the last category. The person in charge said that writing in classical Chinese is discouraged because modern vernacular Chinese is contemporary communicative writing, and learning it well and mastering it is the primary significance of middle school Chinese.
At the same time, successful ancient prose writing is not achieved overnight. In this field, only after years of accumulation can we have a deep foundation and make achievements.
If you want to be opportunistic, you will only make a fool of yourself in front of the battle-hardened marking teacher.
3. How to write a composition in ancient Chinese, such as Liu Zongyuan's Eight Notes on Yongzhou, which pushed the travel notes of the Tang Dynasty to the peak and was called the originator of landscape articles. At that time, Liu Zongyuan was relegated to Yongzhou for failing to advocate the New Deal, and was sentenced to sit in the Wang Party and cut off contacts with relatives and friends, as if he had been abandoned by the world. This keen scholar could not help feeling the same way when he saw Yongzhou, a remote place that was also forgotten by the world. When I arrived at Xiaoshichi in the west of the hill, I was overjoyed to see the clear water in the pool. I saw that the fish seemed to be entertaining himself with the tourists, but I watched it and aroused his loneliness, and finally left. "The Story of Xiaoshitang" wrote: "There are more than a hundred fish in the pool, all swimming in the air. The sun is shining, the shadow is on the stone, but it doesn't move; -I'm gone. I seem to enjoy being with tourists ... sitting by the pool, surrounded by bamboo trees, I'm lonely, I'm sad and quiet. I can't stay long, but I remember. " This short passage seems to be an understatement, but it is a life experience over and over again.
4. How to write a composition in classical Chinese? Can classical Chinese writing add points to college entrance examination composition? The person in charge of marking the college entrance examination composition in this city clearly stated, "We don't encourage this kind of attempt, but we are protective."
How to understand this position? He specifically explained, "The most important thing in an article is the content. No matter what form it is, let's see if it is relevant first. What is the concept and composition? Is there any unique innovative thinking? It is possible to get high scores when these aspects meet a class of standards. " On this basis, if candidates write in classical Chinese or ancient Chinese, with proper allusions and clever words and sentences, they will be able to "add icing on the cake", and the original 63 points may be given 65 points; If there are some grammatical mistakes, considering that ancient Chinese is not the language of daily communication today, it is not easy for students to write accurately, and the punishment for writing will not be too tight; However, if the original text is irrelevant, but also deliberately showing off the text, full of fallacies, it can only be "worse."
According to reports, in recent years, some college entrance examination candidates did try to write in classical Chinese, but most of them belonged to the last category. The person in charge said that writing in classical Chinese is discouraged because modern vernacular Chinese is contemporary communicative writing, and learning it well and mastering it is the primary significance of middle school Chinese.
At the same time, successful ancient prose writing is not achieved overnight. In this field, only after years of accumulation can we have a deep foundation and make achievements.
If you want to be opportunistic, you will only make a fool of yourself in front of the battle-hardened marking teacher.
How to write a composition in classical Chinese depends on your knowledge of classical Chinese. I suggest you study it carefully.
The Death of Red Rabbit In the 26th year of Jian 'an, in 22 1 year, Guan Yu went to Maicheng, was defeated, refused to surrender, and was victimized by Sun Quan. Its mount, Red Rabbit Horse, was given to Ma Zhong by Sun Quan.
One day, Ma Zhong went to the table: Red hare fasted for several days and was dying. Sun Quan was frightened, so he called on Boshi, a famous man in Jiangdong.
After being Bole, this man is said to be proficient in horse language. Ma Zhong led Bob back to the house and went to the trough. He saw Red Rabbit lying on the ground, sobbing.
Everyone is puzzled, but Bo likes to know. Bo Xi shrugged off the soldiers, stroking their backs and sighed, "Once upon a time, Cao Cao wrote,' Although turtles live a long life,' an old horse crouches in a tiger, aiming for a thousand miles. "
Martyrs are full of courage in their twilight years. I know you miss General Guan's kindness and want to go underground. However, on that day, the White Gate Tower in Lv Fengxian was killed, and you are no longer so dependent on each other. Why isn't such a suicide thousands of miles away today? "Red hare hissed and sighed," Taste it,' when a bird is dying, its song is also sad; The dying man speaks the truth.
I am lucky to meet you today, sir, but I can tell you from the bottom of my heart. I was born in Xiliang and was later acquired by Dong Zhuo. This man flew around and killed Shaodi and Wolong Bed. He is really a thief, and I hate his guts. "
Bo Xi nodded and said, "I heard later that Marotta proposed to dedicate you to Lu Bu, who is the bravest general in the world. Everyone said,' Lu Bu is in the crowd, and Red Rabbit is in the horse pile.' I think it is worthy of your ambition. "
Red hare sighed and said, "It's not fair. Lyu3 bu4 was the most treacherous man, killing Ding Yuan for glory, stabbing Dong Zhuo for beauty, taking Xuzhou for Liu Bei, marrying Yuan Shao and beheading his marriage envoy.
Being as famous as such a dishonest person is a great shame in my life. Later, he returned to Cao Cao, and his men were like clouds, but no one was a hero. I'm afraid I'll only be humiliated by slaves and die in the gutter.
Later, Cao Cao gave me to General Guan; I have seen Hulao Pass's military courage and kindness on the White Gate Tower, and I have admired him for a long time. General Guan saw my great joy and thanked Cao Cao.
When Cao Cao asked why, General Guan replied, "I know this horse travels thousands of miles every day, but it is a good thing now." . If I know where my brother is tomorrow, I can see him in a day. He is so honest.
As the saying goes,' husband and wife fly far with birds, and the quality of people is high'. Can't I repay you with death? Bo was very happy when he heard this, and sighed and said, "Everyone says that General Guan is an honest man." What I heard today is true. "
Red hare sobbed and said, "I have tasted the lofty meaning of not eating Boyi and Shu Qi in Zhou Su. Jade can be broken without damaging its whiteness, and bamboo can be broken without destroying its knots.
A scholar dies for a confidant and lives for honesty. Am I willing to eat my vegetarian food and live in the world? "Say, Voldemort died. Bo Xi burst into tears and said, "How can people be inferior when things are like this?" "After sun quan.
Quan also cried: "I didn't know Yunshang was so honest. Now this loyal man has been hurt by me. How can I face the world? " After Sun Quan passed the decree, Guan Yu and his son were buried with Red Rabbit. Close-up: Jiang Xinjie, a science student in Nanjing 13, read the ancient vernacular of 10, and got full marks for an essay entitled "The Death of a Red Rabbit". After the college entrance examination, he went to Mount Tai with some good friends and returned to Nanjing last night.
This morning, he was interviewed by a reporter at home. Jiang Xinjie learned on his mother's phone that he got full marks in his composition. He said it was difficult to describe his feelings at that time, because he was not sure whether writing a composition in ancient vernacular could be approved by the marking teacher, but he insisted that it was more appropriate to write such a story in ancient vernacular, which showed historical figures more vividly and was of course more comfortable to use by himself.
When he first got the title, he felt that the title of this composition was easy to start with, but difficult to write well. When reading this article, as soon as the article mentioned Red Rabbit Horse, he suddenly saw his old friend, and then the images of Lu Bu and Guan Yu appeared in his mind. He believes that these two words are related to "sincerity" and can be used in composition, but if they are simply made into character comments, the composition will lack appeal. Then he thought that Red Rabbit followed Lu Bu in his early years and then Guan Yu. On the topic of "honesty", he should have the most say, so he made up the story of the death of Red Rabbit.
The whole writing took 50 minutes. In the composition evaluation, a marking teacher wrote, "I understand Xiao Chang, and my literary talent is flying. This exquisite language skill is incomparable to many candidates." As a high school student, how can I improvise in the college entrance examination so freely? Jiang Xinjie told reporters that this is due to the usual accumulation.
Since the age of five, he has been fascinated by Yuan Kuocheng's Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and a small semiconductor has become his closest partner, listening to seven or eight books a day. After attending primary school, he began to read classic works, such as The Water Margin, The Journey to the West, A Dream of Red Mansions, and especially The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. He loved the brave and brave times, and everything he did was like rain. He has read it at least thirty or forty times and can recite many chapters.
Besides classical literature, he also likes reading Lu Xun's essays, Qian Zhongshu's novels and biographies of some famous people. Perhaps because of his extensive reading, his Chinese performance has been good.
Since high school, teachers have asked them to keep diaries and weekly diaries in any style. He likes to write in the ancient vernacular, which he is good at, and occasionally writes poems and lyrics. But Jiang Xinjie also frankly admitted that his argumentative essays are often not well written.
Although he has such a strong interest in literature, Jiang Xinjie's college entrance examination volunteers are all computer departments. He said that he has been interested in computers since high school, especially programming.
Many scholars at home and abroad combine arts and sciences, and natural science and social science are also integrated, hoping to become such people. However, in reality, this contradiction always makes him helpless. It takes time to read literature books and do scientific exercises. Because science is weak, teachers and family members often urge him to do more problems, but he is always a little exclusive. As a result, the college entrance examination really suffered, and there were several obvious math problems. He doesn't want to give up liberal arts or science in the future. Such "time conflict" seems to exist all the time in the future.
What is the secret of writing a good composition? The reporter asked many enthusiastic parents the most concerned questions. Jiang Xinjie said with a smile, in fact, the ancients have long said that "reading is like writing", and the most important thing is to accumulate at ordinary times and read widely.
6. How to achieve the goal of classical Chinese writing in one breath? 1. Writing in classical Chinese requires learning and gradual accumulation, which is not a one-off event.
2, the basic method of learning classical Chinese:
1) understand the part of speech of classical Chinese: master the most basic content words, function words, verbs and adjectives;
2) Read more and recite more: Classical Chinese is a language first. If you read more, you will be fluent and can cultivate a sense of language;
3) Learn more classics: you can focus on Tang poetry and Song poetry, novels and essays in Ming and Qing dynasties.
Because the rhythm of poetry is beautiful and easy to remember, it is catchy to read and can stimulate interest in learning. There are 300 Tang poems, 300 Song Ci poems, 300 Yuan Qu poems, 1,000 Book of Songs, and so on.
The literary works of Ming and Qing dynasties are not too far away from our time, and the classical Chinese has been biased towards the vernacular, which is easy to understand according to the context. For example, China's view of ancient literature, Sanyan Erpai, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, four classical novels and so on. Stories attract people's interest and interest is the best teacher.
3. When the knowledge of classical Chinese has accumulated to a certain extent, you can try to write in classical Chinese. Write comparisons, from sentences to essays, and gradually become articles. Learning classical Chinese can also unconsciously absorb the essence of China culture and inherit excellent cultural and moral traditions.
7. How to use classical Chinese in writing ~ Throughout the new curriculum reform, this experimental textbook is arranged according to the previous unit number. The units are the same, the number of articles is the same, but the content system of each unit design is different, novel and philosophical. Classical Chinese, in particular, broke the form of centralized arrangement in the past, but scattered in various units or concentrated learning according to the needs of various grades. According to this arrangement, how should classical Chinese be taught?
First, teachers should deeply interpret the text and guide students to read better with their affectionate interpretation.
For example, the article "Peach Blossom Spring" not only makes students feel the beautiful scenery, but also stimulates their yearning for a better life. Ouyang Xiu's "Happy with the People", when frustrated, open-minded, sentimental landscape; Fan Zhongyan also has a broad mind of "worrying about the world first and enjoying the world later" ... Teachers use the essence of China traditional culture to inspire students in the teaching process, thus enlightening their wisdom, opening their minds and stimulating their reading interest.
Second, respect students' dominant position.
As teachers, we should change our teaching concept and construct a new teaching method of classical Chinese, so that students can cultivate their abilities in autonomous learning. In other words, teachers should fully trust students and hone their reading ability in the practice of independent reading. In the past, teachers were afraid that students would not understand, and did not dare to let them study with the help of reference books and notes under books. An article is arranged word for word by the teacher, which inhibits the students' ability to use their hands and brains and makes them passive. It's different now. Under the guidance of the new curriculum concept, students have become the main body of learning, and teachers have changed their teaching methods and learning methods. The process from reading the full text to understanding keywords, words and sentences is completed by teachers guiding students to interact.
Third, teachers should be good at creating situations, connecting with practice and guiding students to pay attention to the connotation of works.
In the teaching of classical Chinese, teachers should make full use of audio-visual teaching methods to give students an intuitive image perception and gain knowledge from it. Classical Chinese involves a wide range of knowledge, which is difficult for students to master and understand. Students' reading is not thorough and often boring. Teachers should strive to cultivate students' interest in learning, stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning and make necessary preparations for students' conscious and independent reading. Therefore, teachers can use various means to create teaching scenes, draw students closer to the works, let them naturally approach the classical Chinese, have a "face-to-face" dialogue with them, have heart-to-heart communication, and appreciate the scenery, events and feelings of the works in the collision of hearts.
Some attempts have been made. When listening to the book with Zhu, students are required to preview before class, and show the projection in class first, so that students can feel the magic of nature, thus creating a learning atmosphere, stimulating students' yearning for the mountains and rivers here, and guiding students to understand the text content earnestly from the heart.
Fourth, cultivate emotions and enhance students' ability to feel classical Chinese.
The main purpose of learning Chinese is to learn the language. And students' language ability, including listening, speaking, reading and writing, is also the ability to feel the language. The same is true of learning classical Chinese. Only by strengthening reading and reciting can we cultivate and enhance our ability to feel. As the saying goes, "Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean" is the truth. Only by reading aloud and reciting can we master the whole article, understand the usage, arrangement and layout of words, words, sentences, paragraphs and articles, understand the language, intonation, ways and means, and appreciate the conciseness, profundity and beauty of excellent classical Chinese.
Five, improve the understanding, understanding and application of classical Chinese, and inherit the excellent traditional cultural heritage of the motherland is the purpose and destination of classical Chinese teaching.
"Applying what we have learned" is the purpose of learning all knowledge, some for the present and some for the future. At present, in the era of the popularization of vernacular Chinese, the study of classical Chinese mainly focuses on understanding, comprehension and inheritance, mainly to improve the traditional cultural literacy. Although it is not widely used, it is also an indispensable part of our work, study and life, and sometimes it even plays an important role than vernacular Chinese. When used, it is mainly beautiful, concise and philosophical, such as "Although the world is safe, it will be dangerous to forget the war" and "The embankment of a thousand miles begins with the foundation soil; A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step ","The mountain is not high, but the fairy is not famous; If the water is not deep, the dragon is the spirit "..." I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am in this mountain "and" I have to ask the canal so clearly that I can have flowing water at the source "... These figures and words can explain the profound truth, and its beauty, philosophy and conciseness are beyond the reach of vernacular Chinese. However, in students' work, study and life, it is the key to be proficient in speaking and writing, so that students can read more, recite more and exhibit more.
Six, classical Chinese teaching, can take a variety of reading forms.
Teachers demonstrate reading, guide reading, students read together, read in groups and read individually to solve problems in reading; You can read the whole article, a paragraph, a sentence or a few words; It can be read in different roles, with strong story and dialogue between characters. In particular, we should guide students to read the correct pronunciation, rhythm, tone and intonation, and then read the author's thoughts and feelings. Through repeated reading, students are immersed in situations, situations and history, so as to achieve the learning of "reading a hundred times, seeing its meaning" and "using it skillfully in the heart"