The so-called "illogical" means that the meaning expressed in the sentence is unreasonable and does not conform to the objective facts. Some of these problems are caused by the author's misunderstanding of objective things, and some are caused by improper language expression.
Common illogical failures mainly include the following situations:
(1) The concept is unclear: people would rather eat some fresh pears, peaches and melons than take vitamin C pills frequently. Correct answer: "Melon and fruit" includes "pear" and "peach", which cannot be juxtaposed.
(2) Paradox: He got off here, and I infer that he is probably a local. Correct answer: "conclusion" is a positive inference, "probably" is an estimate, forming a state contradiction.
(3) Misuse: The number of students participating in extracurricular activities has doubled compared with yesterday. Correct answer: "Reducing by one time" is wrong, and "multiple" cannot be used to represent the amount of reduction.
(4) Confusion of ideas: The farm is determined to increase the output of grain, cotton and cash crops. Correct answer: "cotton" belongs to "cash crop", and the two cannot be juxtaposed. The scope of the concept is large and small. Generally speaking, big concepts and small concepts cannot be juxtaposed; When classifying, the big category must contain the small category.
(5) Unreasonable: As long as there is water, crops can survive, which is the most basic common sense. Correct answer: "As long as ... as long as ... as long as ... as long as ...
(6) Multiple negatives: We have been teaching our primary school teachers almost all these years. Correct answer: "always" means "always", and the sentence means "we have always forgotten". Multiple negatives are not appropriate. Negation is affirmation (rhetorical questions are also negative).
(7) inversion of subject and object: at that time, there were few opportunities for newspapers to contact me. Correct answer: The original sentence means "I seldom touch newspapers", "I" is the host, "newspaper" is the guest, and "host" comes before the guest.
(8) Inconsistency: Today, the leaders of our school have all gone to the agricultural base to participate in labor, and the office is basically empty. Correct answer: It is inconsistent to say "everyone went ……" and then say "almost no one".
(9) Impose cause and effect: Recently, my friend went to the south, but my thoughts remained the same. Correct answer: I changed my mind when I returned to the south, which can be said to be the result of going to the south. How can it be said that "thinking remains unchanged" is the result of going south? This is the imposition of causality.
How to modify these illogical ill sentences should be 1, and the requirements for examination should be clear: according to the requirements of the topic (some require to modify improper words, some require to modify sentences with grammatical defects, and some require to delete redundant words in sentences, etc. ), pay attention to the connection between the upper and lower sentences or the whole paragraph. 2. Identify the type: The method of quickly identifying the type is "extracting the trunk method". If there is no improper use of words in the trunk, immediately check the additional components to see if there is any improper use of words between the modifier and the head, or inside the modifier, and then see if there is any logical problem. 3. Clarification method: For specific language diseases, use the basic methods provided above to modify the sick sentences.
Five ways to modify illogical sentences 1. Add: For sentences with incomplete components, use addition. Method two. Delete: delete sick sentences with redundant components. Method three. Tone: For ill sentences with improper collocation and word order, use the exchange method. Method four. Change: Replace inappropriate sentences with inappropriate words. Method five. Jane: Simplify wrong sentences and ill sentences with disordered structure.
The principle of modifying illogical sentences is 1. Keep the original intention. 2. Adjust or not. 3. Don't change two places in one place. 4. Keep sentences simple. For example, the following sentence is modified.
1: Wu Huali, director of the Public Security Bureau of Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, has only been in office for nine months. He used legal or improper means to collect huge bribes, went in and out of Macao 72 times, and lost more than RMB 1000 million just by gambling, which was severely punished by law.
Correct; You can't use "legitimate" in "accepting bribes", just delete the words "legitimate" or "legal".
2. There are three taboos in stock market investment: one is blind obedience. The second taboo is improper choice, and the third taboo is timely throwing.
Correct; It should be said that "three taboos are not thrown in time" and the word "no" should be added.
3. Many people of insight believe that insecurity, dishonesty and cultural pollution have become the bottleneck restricting the further development of the Internet industry.
Correct; The word "no" in "unsafe" and "dishonest" should be deleted.
Writing is a rigorous job, and illogical statements will make readers ambiguous and produce wrong results. And rigorous logic will make people feel clear, logical, easy to understand and more convincing. It will push readers down and improve reading pleasure and efficiency. (2020.07.30)