The cultivation of college students' legal consciousness is the requirement of quality education and an important part of university education and talent training. This paper studies the present situation of contemporary college students' legal consciousness, deeply analyzes the reasons that affect college students' legal consciousness, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and methods.
Keywords: legal consciousness; Legal education; cultivate
College students are good at independent thinking, quick thinking and easy to accept new ideas and new things; Like to express themselves, like to design themselves, pay attention to personal practical interests, and have higher requirements for their own quality. However, due to the lack of some social atmosphere, traditional morality and legal education, their legal awareness is very weak or even lacking. Higher education shoulders the historical mission of training qualified socialist builders and successors, and college students are the new force and main force of socialist construction in the future. In view of this, strengthening the cultivation of college students' legal awareness can not be ignored, and should become an important link in university education and talent training.
First, the status quo of college students' legal awareness
1. Lack of legal belief
Legal belief refers to the inner recognition, firm belief and respect for the law through legal phenomena and based on the feelings of social subjects, which is the sublimation of the public's conscious law-abiding. Some college students admire power, are obsessed with money and wealth, have inaccurate understanding of the role of law in social development and lack confidence in the rule of law. They even think that law is a means and tool to achieve their goals. With power and money, they can do whatever they want and turn right from wrong.
2. Weak legal concept
As a man, the most important thing is that his words and deeds are bound by various norms, such as school rules, morality, law and various social etiquette habits, among which the most basic norms should be morality and law, especially for college students. However, some college students have weak legal awareness, or they are easy to abuse each other and look down on each other; Or ignore the rights and interests of the other party, make much ado about nothing, spread rumors and slander, and maliciously attack others; Or don't know how to protect their legitimate rights and interests infringed by others, so they can only submit to humiliation; What's more, they simply ignored the existence of the law and finally had to be punished by the law. For example, Ma Jiajue's vicious murder case, which caused a sensation in the whole country, and Liu Haiyang, a student from Tsinghua University, threw a bear at the Beijing Zoo.
3. Lack of legal knowledge
Influenced by "exam-oriented education" for a long time, the legal quality of contemporary college students is not high, and some legal knowledge they know is limited to what they have learned in class. They always think that "as long as they don't break the law and commit crimes, it's useless to study law" and never take the initiative to study laws and regulations. As we all know, the legal quality of college students is not only related to their own destiny and future, but also related to the rejuvenation of the nation, economic development and overall social progress.
4. Emphasize rights and ignore obligations
Rights and obligations are the core content of the whole legal system. Rights and obligations are corresponding. From the perspective of interest distribution, it is the relationship between taking and paying, and the two are unified and balanced. No obligation, no right, no right, no obligation. Respecting the rights of others is the premise of claiming one's own rights. Not respecting the rights of others is actually trampling on your own rights. However, in real life, a considerable number of college students unilaterally emphasize their rights, only know how to obtain benefits, but do not know how to fulfill their corresponding obligations. In short, due to the interference of various factors, the authority of law has not been fully established in the minds of college students. But what is certain is that there are still many students who have a strong sense of hardship and their thirst for law is particularly obvious.
To be strong. They know that in a society ruled by law, laws are everywhere. No matter whether you live, study or work in the future, you will be adjusted and bound by all aspects of the law without exception. Therefore, as a qualified college student, he should have good legal quality, so as to become a model for the whole society to abide by the law and act according to law.
Second, the analysis of the reasons that affect college students' legal consciousness.
1. The influence of psychological factors.
College students are in a critical period of life growth, and they are rapidly maturing but not yet fully mature. They have obvious psychological growth characteristics and poor self-control of emotions and emotions. They like to look at things around them with critical and skeptical eyes, try to get rid of external interference and constraints, and face many life tests such as economic pressure, study pressure and employment pressure, which will make them feel at a loss. Some students' psychological symptoms of utilitarianism, self-centeredness, short-term and randomness are mixed and intertwined, which will objectively produce psychological conflict with the law and system.
2. The influence of external values
College students have more opportunities to contact and understand the world's political, economic, social and cultural conditions, which is conducive to their learning knowledge and broadening their horizons. But all kinds of information that is difficult to distinguish between true and false will also have an impact and influence on their values. Some people can't tell the mainstream from tributaries, essence from dross, truth, goodness, beauty from falsehood, ugliness from ugliness. Some only focus on the so-called "self-design" and "self-improvement", thus falling into the quagmire of individualism; Some regard the pursuit of material enjoyment as the spiritual pillar of life and pursue the lifestyle of "money first, pleasure first". Once this dislocation of values is induced by external bad factors, it is easy to go illegal.
3. College students' legal education is weak
First, the orientation of students' legal education is not accurate, and they value obligations over rights. Ignoring the propaganda of civil rights makes students have the illusion that "the law requires citizens to fulfill their obligations", which hinders the formation of college students' healthy legal psychology. Second, students are required to understand and recite legal provisions, which leads to the dislocation of educational emphasis. Ignoring the propaganda and cultivation of legal viewpoints, legal ideas and legal spirit leads to the lack of modern legal consciousness in college students' minds, and their law-abiding behavior is passive and obedient. Third, the instilling knowledge transfer method has little effect. The lack of proper interactive communication and case discussion in law education has caused college students' general boredom and disgust and made them lose interest in learning.
Third, the countermeasures to cultivate college students' legal awareness
Legal consciousness cannot be formed spontaneously. The improvement of college students' legal consciousness can only be consciously cultivated in social practice under the guidance of Marxism, which can arouse their yearning and expectation for freedom, rights, order and law, and then enhance their legal consciousness.
1. Cultivate a sense of identity and legal belief in legal values
Only on the basis of legal belief can people form a good legal consciousness and concept of rule of law. If the public lacks faith in the law, legal norms cannot be internalized and then implemented as spontaneous behavior. Although the law is some rules and regulations, there are profound moral concerns and profound beliefs behind the legal rules and regulations. When people agree with the law and establish legal beliefs, they will form a sense of abiding by legal rules and regulations. In a society ruled by law, the reason why the law can become the highest authority and be believed by every citizen is because the law embodies, guarantees and realizes justice. Therefore, when educating college students on the rule of law, we should pay attention to asking them to judge and think about the value embodied in legal provisions with modern ideas, whether they fully reflect the requirements of the internal legal authority of modern market economy and democratic politics, and whether they fully meet the requirements of modern justice. Only in this way can the feelings for the law and sincere belief in justice reach spiritual agreement, and college students will abide by and respect the law from their own interests, and finally complete the sublimation of legal consciousness.
2. Create a good social environment ruled by law.
On the one hand, to improve the legal operation mechanism, only by making legislation democratic and scientific, enforcing the law procedurally, consciously abiding by the law and institutionalizing legal supervision can the rule of law be realized. College students are open-minded, radical and epochal. They subjectively expect the rule of law and care about the construction of the national legal system. Therefore, to cultivate college students' modern legal consciousness, we must improve the legal operation mechanism and create a good legal social environment. On the other hand, it is necessary to create a social public opinion and moral environment conducive to enhancing college students' modern legal awareness. Mass media and various social forces play a special role in shaping college students' modern legal consciousness. The mass media and various social forces should use typical cases to carry out vivid publicity of the rule of law, form a public opinion environment of "respecting the law and abiding by the law" in the whole society, and create a good atmosphere of the rule of law.
3. Create a good campus rule of law atmosphere.
On the one hand, colleges and universities should strictly abide by and implement the education law and relevant laws and regulations, carry out student work according to law, establish and improve various rules and regulations, and act according to the law, especially on the issues of quantitative assessment of students' morality, intelligence and physique, award and evaluation, financial assistance for poor students, and management of student cadres, which students are generally concerned about, and deal with violations by the rules, regardless of individual differences. Only in this way can students establish a good legal concept. On the other hand, we should create a campus culture ruled by law and carry out legal education activities. By holding legal knowledge contests, speaking contests on learning and abiding by the law, or organizing students to attend court trials, mock court trials, visit prisons, and carry out legal psychological counseling and legal social surveys, a strong legal education atmosphere will be formed to promote the formation of college students' modern legal consciousness.
4. Improve the teaching quality of rule of law education.
The first is to improve teachers' legal literacy. Educators should be educated first. Improving teachers' knowledge structure and improving teachers' legal quality and accomplishment are important contents to enhance college students' modern legal consciousness. This requires teachers engaged in law education to stand at a higher level and have higher legal awareness and legal cultivation. Second, pay attention to deepening college students' understanding of legal theory and improving modern legal consciousness. In the choice of teaching content, we should fully consider the characteristics and needs of students, highlight the key points, make a fuss about "less but better", and focus on the departmental laws related to students, such as civil law, consumer protection law, labor law and so on. The third is to adopt various methods to carry out teaching. Teaching methods should use a variety of teaching methods to serve teaching and improve students' interest, classroom teaching quality and teaching effect. Such as classroom discussion, case teaching, multimedia teaching and so on. , improve students' learning enthusiasm, enhance the effect of education, so that students can understand the law through legal education and know how to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests by legal means.
5. Make full use of the Internet to carry out rule of law education.
The development of network provides modern means for the rule of law education in colleges and universities, and expands the space and channels. We must make full use of the vivid and illustrated features of the internet to promote the transformation of rule of law education from a closed and passive mode to an open, active and social participation mode. Make the rule of law education reflect novelty, intuition, participation and systematicness, recommend high-grade books through the network, and carry out online ideological and moral education. Purposefully instill in them the awareness of information ethics in line with the network age, strengthen the concept of the rule of law related to copyright law, copyright law, patent law, trademark law and intellectual property rights, and gradually cultivate college students' legal awareness.