In order to study the development status and trend of new materials in China, this report takes the database of China Journal Network as the statistical analysis source, analyzes it from the perspective of bibliometrics, and discusses the theoretical research, preparation technology, product application, technical equipment and other aspects of new materials such as superconducting materials, metallic materials, nonmetallic materials, polymer materials and composite materials. 1, annual change of output weight of new material papers.
From 2000 to 2005, the proportion of papers published by new materials specialty in the whole field of new materials changed every year, but the overall distribution pattern was not broken. Polymer materials remained dominant in all years except 200 1 and 2002, which accounted for less than 50%. The proportion of composite materials is between 20-30%, ranking second; Non-metallic materials accounted for more than 10%, ranking third; Superconducting materials account for the smallest proportion in the whole material field and rank last among the five majors. From the analysis of the development of each major, the development of superconducting materials fluctuates up and down, and the overall trend is downward; As a traditional advantage field, the development of metal materials has shown a sharp decline; Non-metallic materials have basically maintained a stable trend in the whole material field, and their specific gravity has not changed much; Polymer materials are the fastest developing subject. With the continuous emergence of new technology, its weight in the whole field of new materials fluctuates and is increasing. Except in 2002, the composite materials declined year by year, but the decline was not significant, with an average annual decline of 65438 0%.
2, the annual changes in the number of new materials and professional papers.
From 2000 to 2005, according to the number and growth rate of papers published by new materials specialty, the number of papers published by superconducting materials showed a positive and negative growth pattern, but the total number showed a downward trend, with a decrease of about10%; The number of papers published on metal materials showed a negative growth, from 16 14 in 2000 to 254 in 2005, with a total decrease of 84%. The overall trend of the number of papers published on nonmetallic materials is steady growth, which will accelerate in 2005. Compared with 2000, the number of papers published increased by 1527, with an increase of 29.3% in that year and an overall increase of 66.65% in six years. The number of papers on polymer materials is also increasing, from 820 1 in 2000 to 15895/in 2005, with a total increase of 93.3%, almost doubling; The number of composite papers fluctuated greatly, with a significant increase of 5438+0 in 2006 compared with 2000, but a negative growth in 2003-2004. In 2005, it increased to 72 15, nearly double that of 3672 in 2000. 1, the overall development speed of new materials field is relatively fast and the momentum is strong.
Materials are one of the three pillars (materials, information and energy) of the new technological revolution in the world at present, and together with information technology and biotechnology, they constitute one of the three most important and promising fields in the world in the 2/kloc-0 century. The ability to understand and use materials often determines the form of society and the quality of human life. Human history has proved that materials are the material basis and forerunner of the development of human society, and new materials are the milestone of the progress of human society. New materials play an important role in developing high technology, transforming and upgrading traditional industries, and enhancing comprehensive national strength and national defense strength. Moreover, it is developing faster and faster in the fields of natural science and engineering technology, and its position is becoming more and more important. According to the statistics of the number of papers published in the same period, the average annual growth rate of the number of papers published in the field of new materials in China in the past six years is 9. 15%, which is higher than the growth rate of 8.34% in the field of natural science and engineering technology. The proportion of papers published in the field of natural science and engineering technology in the field of new materials has also been on the rise, increasing by 0. 13 percentage points in six years.
The development and changes in the field of new materials benefit from technological innovation and accelerated transformation of achievements. The breakthrough of cutting-edge technology has led to the emergence of emerging materials industry. At the same time, new materials are more and more closely integrated with information, energy, health care, transportation, construction and other industries, and the cross-disciplinary fields and scale of materials science and engineering are expanding. Moreover, governments all over the world attach great importance to the development of new materials industry, formulate relevant plans to promote the development of new materials industry and science and technology, and give strong financial support, thus promoting the improvement and development of technological innovation ability in this field and achieving a series of gratifying research results.
2. Polymer materials and composite materials have developed rapidly.
2. 1 The new application fields of polymer materials promote their own growth.
Polymer functional materials are the fastest growing organic synthetic materials in recent years, especially in biomedical materials, drug controlled release systems, orthopedic fixation, tissue engineering and surgical sutures. There are more than 90 varieties of medical polymer materials and 65,438+0,800 products in the world, and the consumption of polymer materials in western countries is increasing at the rate of 65,438+00-20% every year. The development of polymer materials in China is also very rapid. From 2000 to 2005, the number of papers published increased from 1862 to 6640, with an increase of 256.6438+0% in six years. Among them, the number of papers on polymer drugs increased from 182 to 802, with a growth rate of 340%; The number of papers on medical polymer materials increased from 285 to 82 1 paper, with a growth rate of 188%. Papers on biomimetic polymer materials increased from 4 16 to108, with a growth rate of 166%, and papers on polymer membrane materials increased from 979 to 3909, with a growth rate of 299%. As can be seen from the above data, the research on polymer materials is active and developing rapidly, and it has become an indispensable part of medicine and biotechnology, and it is also the fastest-growing specialty in the field of new materials.
2.2 Composite functional materials have expanded new development space.
Due to the intersection and integration of various materials and disciplines, material compounding has become an important means to develop new materials. Using a variety of matrix and reinforced composites, multi-layer composites and nonlinear composite effects, materials with brand-new properties can be created. In recent years, advanced composite materials and new processes have developed rapidly. At present, the development of composite materials is mainly resin-based composite materials, especially thermosetting materials, with the most mature technology and the widest application. Metal matrix composites are mostly in the research and development stage, especially suitable for building space structures. Ceramic matrix composites are an important way to improve the reliability of ceramics, which enables the excellent high-temperature properties of ceramic materials to be applied. In addition, carbon/carbon composites have great practical value in military technology, and have been applied to a certain extent, and the development trend is relatively fast. From 2000 to 2005, the number of papers on composite functional materials in China increased from 3672 to 72 15, with a cumulative increase of 96.49% in six years. Among them, the number of papers on metal matrix composites increased from 573 to 6 1 1, an increase of 6.6%; The number of papers on ceramic matrix composites increased from 298 to 1050, an increase of 252%; The number of papers on cement-based composites increased from 1533 to 2428, an increase of 58.3%; The number of papers on polymer matrix composites increased from 1 134 to 2383, with an increase of110%; Papers on carbon-based composites increased from 134 to 743, with an increase of 45.4%. From the research and analysis, it can be seen that ceramic-based composites and polymer-based composites have developed rapidly, which is closely related to the continuous emergence of new technologies, new substances and new formulas. Carbon-based composites are also changing from military to civilian, which makes their development show a rapid growth trend.
2.3 The development of metal materials tends to be depressed, and a breakthrough is needed.
Compared with the rapid development of polymer materials, composite materials and non-metallic materials, the development of metal materials with a long history is in a stagnant or even backward situation. From 2000 to 2005, the number of published papers on metal materials in China decreased from 16 14 to 254, a decrease of 535%. This phenomenon shows that our technological innovation ability in this field is insufficient. At present, there are many new characteristics and growth points in the development of metal materials in the world, and high-performance metal materials are developing rapidly. At present, there are many problems in product development, processing technology and production equipment of high-performance metal materials in China, which hinder the development of metal materials. Therefore, as long as we increase the technological innovation of metal materials, we will certainly break the stagnant situation of their development and realize new revitalization and rapid development just around the corner.