The poet Jing Qing is in the Spring Festival, and the green willows and yellow are half uneven.

If you stay in the forest, then you are a flower watcher when you go out.

Translation and annotation

The willow has just sprouted green buds, which may not be as beautiful as flowers, but the poet is very happy when he sees this scene, because he finds that spring is coming. If everyone goes out to see flowers in all love, is it too late?

1, city: refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty.

2. poet: poet.

3. Jing Qing: Beautiful scenery.

4. Shanglin: Shanglin Garden, the imperial garden of the emperor.

5. Brocade: Twill silk woven with five colors.

6, all: all, all.

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The first couplet of a poem can be understood by combining its title. Beautiful early spring scenery can best stimulate the poet's poetry. Spring is early spring. Poet is a general term for poets, not just the author himself. A clear word is worth pondering. This refers not only to the fresh and gratifying scenery in early spring itself, but also to the fact that this kind of scenery has just begun to emerge and has not attracted people's attention, so the environment is also very quiet.

The second sentence is followed by the first sentence, which is a concrete description of the scenery in early spring. In early spring, willow leaves sprout, and the color is light yellow, which is called willow eyes. Only one and a half words, everything is an early hint. If you just write about the birth of willow leaves in general, although it is also about early spring, it always feels dull and tasteless. The poet grasped the semi-jagged state, making people feel as if they had just seen a few yellow willow eyes on the green branch, so fresh and lovely. This not only highlights the early figures, but also writes the charm of early spring willow very realistically. Vivid brushwork contains the author's joy and praise. In early spring, the weather is cold and the flowers are not in bloom yet. Only the new leaves of willow branches rush out of the cold, which is the most vital and brings people the news of spring at the earliest. Writing new willows captures the characteristics of early spring scenery.

The first one has written the God of Early Spring, and if it is described in too much detail, it will become a burden. In the second part, the word "Ruodai" was changed to be written from the opposite side, and the beautiful scenery in early spring was used to set off the beautiful scenery. Shanglin is Shanglin Garden, so it is located in the west of Xi City, Shaanxi Province. It was built in the Qin Dynasty and expanded into the Han Palace Garden during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. This poem is used to refer to the capital Chang 'an. Flowers are like flowers and the scenery is gorgeous; Tourists are like clouds, writing about the noise of the environment. But this kind of scenery is well known and has no freshness. This is in sharp contrast with the first couplet, which reflects the author's love for the fresh scenery in early spring.

This poem not only wrote beautiful scenery, but also wrote rich scenery, with sharp contrast and light style. The third sentence, write fragrant spring flowers, compare the scene of early spring and the richness of scenery. Poetry is written from the poet's point of view, which is reasonable and interesting. It can be regarded as a creative opinion: that is, a poet must be sensitive, strive to discover new things and write new realms, and cannot always repeat the old realms that he is already familiar with.

The poet Jing Qing is in the Spring Festival. When the poet was visiting the eastern suburbs of Beijing, he could not help admiring the scenery in early spring. But he didn't actually write about spring scenery, but praised it from his own point of view: the Spring Festival is really the best time for poets to describe beautiful scenery. This method is surprising and curious: why do you say that? The green willows are only yellow and half jagged. The second sentence inherits the first sentence and begins to describe the scenery in early spring in detail, which is also an answer to the previous sentence. There are so many scenery in early spring that it seems that you can say it from anywhere, but you can't summarize it from anywhere. The poet is ingenious, only starting from the newly-grown willow bud, grasping its semi-yellow characteristics. Imagine that under the refreshing spring breeze, willows are slightly dragged, new buds are in bud, yellow spots are dotted among willows, and the overall color of willows is not symmetrical. This kind of scenery is full of hope, vitality, refreshing and imagination. From the appearance of willow buds to the scene of early spring, it can be said that it is unique and unique.

If the forest is full of flowers, this sentence does not say the scenery in early spring, but refers to the time when the forest garden is full of flowers. It is said that it is the mid-spring season after the early spring, which seems to be inconsistent with the theme of the poem, but it is a clever arrangement of the poet. What about the royal garden in full bloom?

Everyone who goes out is a flower watcher. The last sentence explains the last sentence and is the conclusion of the whole poem. When the imperial garden blooms, of course, everyone will go to see the flowers and comment. Missing such an activity is like missing the opportunity to feel the spring. The poet clearly writes about the phenomenon of seeing flowers in the forest here, but he doesn't agree with this practice of drifting with the flow and echoing others. Imagine that in the crowded flower viewing activities, the mood and interest in enjoying spring scenery will be greatly reduced. So when I look back on what the poet Jing Qing said in the Spring Festival, I will sincerely agree that only during the Spring Festival, when I enjoy the scenery freely or with my friends, can I express my feelings comfortably and freely, and poetry and excitement will emerge unexpectedly. In this way, the end of the poem echoes the beginning, which also highlights the characteristics of early spring. Nanhu early spring

Bai Juyi Nanhu early spring

The clouds have gone, the wind and rain have stopped, the weather is just right, and the sun shines on the lake to form a reflection, which has a warm feeling.

Wild apricots everywhere, broken red spots; The floating water on the lake looks like a neat lawn at first sight.

The rain on Bai Yan dried up, his wings became heavy and he had to fly low; The oriole's tongue is quite stiff.

It's not that the spring in Jiangnan is not good, but that I'm one year old, and my mood has also decreased.

Translation and annotation

The dark clouds dispersed, the wind and rain stopped, the weather just cleared up, and the sun shone on the lake to form a reflection, which had a warm and lively feeling.

Full of apricots, broken red spots; The floating apples on the lake are as endless as a neat lawn.

The rain on the white goose was not dry, and its wings became heavy, so it had to fly low. The yellow owl's tongue is also quite rough and doesn't listen to her.

It's not that the spring in Jiangnan is not good, but that my body and mind are getting older every year and my interest is decreasing.

1, South Lake: Lipeng Lake, namely Poyang Lake. "Taiping Universe is in Jiangzhou": Li Penghu is in the southeast of Dehua County, bordering on duchang county. Zhan's Drive into the South Lake: Ji Sanjiang's Lord of the People.

2, early spring: early spring.

The wind is back: the spring breeze has returned to the earth.

4. Cloud breaking: The cloud is blown away by the wind.

5. Flashback: The sun shines again.

6. Chaos: numerous. It means flash all over Shan Ye.

7, broken red: apricot flower buds have just opened to reveal a little red.

8. hair: flowering.

9. Water apples: apples floating on the water.

10, low wing: flying very low.

White Goose: Bai Ou by the lake.

12, tongue astringency: refers to speaking fluently. Sese, indescribable voice, but even tactfully are not used to it.

13, oriole: oriole.

14, there is no way: stop talking.

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Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang depicts the scenery of Xizi Lake in spring and is widely read. Early Spring in South Lake, written by him in Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), also vividly shows the elegance of Poyang Lake in early spring, but people know little about it.

Reading this song "Early Spring in South Lake", people can't help but admire the poet's new choice of scenery and his ingenuity in word formation. The vast Poyang Lake is traditionally divided into two lakes, North Lake and South Lake, bounded by Xing Zi County and Wengzikou. In the poem, South Lake refers to the whole Poyang Lake. Writing early spring is the early spring of Poyang Lake in the south of the Yangtze River. The composition of poetry is full of early meaning, showing seasonal and regional characteristics.

It is early spring, and the scene is different from other seasons, and it is also different from mid-spring and late spring. The poet chose a specific angle of rainy and sunny evening and reflected it on the lake, focusing on the scenery of apricot trees, apples, white geese and Huang Peng, vividly depicting the charm of South Lake in early spring. It's still the beginning of the season, the earth has just awakened, and apricot flowers have just begun to bloom, and there are not many flowers dotted with lakes and mountains. Therefore, it is called broken red, and when it is chaotic, it is vividly painted, with the expression of apricot blossoms blooming at will and dyed everywhere. Chaos is not a mess, but a natural one. When the poet wrote about the spring scenery of the West Lake, he also said that the flowers are getting lost ("Spring Tour in Qiantang River") and the peaks are winding around the flat ("Spring on the Lake"), all of which show natural interest from chaos, without artificial affectation. The water apple is new, the leaves are flat on the water, and the tranquility and chaos complement each other, showing people the infinite vitality of spring, only in the water town; Seeing this kind of scenery will only make people feel that with the passage of the season, the spring scenery will become stronger and will continue to stretch and expand on the lake. After writing a seemingly still scene, the poet turned to describing the sounds of geese and warblers on the lake. Static and dynamic, scenery and sound set each other off. Just after the severe winter, the geese have not recovered from the lazy state in winter and are not good at flying high. It flies slowly and low on the lake. The poet vividly expressed his laziness and clumsiness with one word. After a whole winter's imprisonment, it is inevitable that oriole will be tongue-tied and unable to sing tactfully when she first shows her voice. White goose has low wings and Huang Peng's tongue is astringent, which has the characteristics of early spring and unique taste. They not only make the picture described by the poet dynamic, but also make people feel that they will soar and relax their throats soon. An early spring picture full of hope and vitality is presented to readers.

Bai Juyi advocates that articles should be written in a timely manner, as well as songs and poems, and opposes that poems are difficult and obscure. His poets recite them and spread them all over the world. The so-called "Song of Eternal Sorrow" is performed by a boy, and Hu Er can sing "Pipa", which is inseparable from the popularity of his poems. If we think that Bai Juyi does not pay attention to the scrutiny and exercise of poetry, it is quite different from his creative practice. Sometimes his works are too natural for people to easily perceive his painstaking creation. This poem "Early Spring in South Lake" shows the skill and ingenuity of his poetry creation.

The poet chose the unique angle of Chu Qing after the rain, which was concise and lively. When he started writing, he painted a fresh picture of Ming Che: the warm wind blew back, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. What is particularly gratifying is that the sunlight reflected back to the lake, and everything seemed warm and bright, implying the poet's mood. How many things are contained in the first two sentences of fourteen words, and their characteristics can be described vividly. After the poet gently unfolded the poetic scene, he skillfully touched the scenery on the lake. When the apricot tree first appeared, the poet saw its natural emotional disorder and the apple leaves were reborn. It is very interesting for the poet to show his growing scene with tiles. The disorder and paving also make the original static things dynamic, which makes people seem to see the growing power of spring. It is not uncommon to speak a language unsuccessfully, and it is a poet's creation to speak it plainly. In one sentence, it vividly draws the modal that white geese can't fly high in early spring. I don't know how many times the poet thought about it before he finally chose a word that was convincing enough to make the white goose bow down. Bai is still rational, but his language can hardly be expressed in paintings, but it can be circulated in poems. The spring is beautiful, and the poet does not forget to paint when drawing. The broken red and new green of apricot and water apple complement each other, and the white goose and Huang Peng add color to the spring scenery, which also makes the picture dynamic and sound. The early spring of Poyang described by the poet is dynamic, quiet, vivid and colorful, with vision, hearing and touch, which gives people an all-round overall feeling and makes people see colorful and interesting spring pictures, which is also inseparable from the poet's exercise of poetic language and careful consideration of sketch layout.

After all, the choice of scenery and the use of language belong to external and superficial things. After in-depth taste, it is not difficult to find that all the scenery words in this poem "Early Spring in South Lake" are sentimental words, and the poet's spirit and emotion are actually infused in the scenery described. The wind goes to the clouds, the rain stays fine, everything is so natural and comfortable, and the wind can also blow away the shadows in people's hearts, making people feel like a lake in the sunset, and suddenly it is clear. The quiet colors on the lake give people a warm feeling, and apricot trees and apples also show people the infinite vitality of spring. In this early spring season, poets should also feel the hope and warmth of spring. This poem was written when the poet lived in Jiangzhou. Not long before this, the poet had just experienced great pain and frustration on his life path. In the summer of the tenth year of Yuanhe (8 15), Prime Minister Wu was killed, and Bai Juyi, who was honest and straightforward, reached the top in a rage. He asked the court to arrest the murderer and wash away the national humiliation, but his political opponents falsely accused him of exceeding his authority, so he was banished to Jiangzhou last autumn. Now that winter has gone and spring has come, the trauma is gradually recovering. The spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River surprised and pleased him. But after all, the clouds in my heart have not dispersed. White Goose who can't fly bravely and Huang Peng who can't learn English have their own shadows. He pinned his feelings on them. Seeing the exile in the capital in the spring, the poet's mood is complicated, and it is difficult to completely get rid of the sadness accumulated in his original heart. Throughout the poem, the poet's love for spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River is sincere and can't be concealed. Although he laments that he is sick every year and his mood drops, he will become more cheerful with the deepening of spring.

This is also the work left by the author when he was in Jiangzhou.

The first six sentences describe the beautiful and moving scenery of South Lake in early spring, and the last two sentences show the author's depressed mood after being relegated.

Su Shi commented on Wang Wei's landscape poems and thought that there were paintings in them. In fact, not only Wang Wei's pastoral poems, but also the paintings in the poems can be said to be the common features of China's excellent landscape works. If the first six sentences of this poem are concerned, it can be said that it is a painting with fresh realm.

The works highlight several images with the most early spring characteristics, such as the spring rain in Chu Qing, the sunshine is shining, apricot blossoms are in full bloom, water apples compete for green, white geese fly low, and orioles are dumb. Just after the heavy rain, the ground and the lake were washed away by the rain, adding a fresh charm. In early spring, the cold air remains and the sun shines again, which not only has beautiful scenery, but also has a warm and lively feeling; Apricot blossoms, water apples, prosperity, red-green contrast and bright color contrast are the most distinctive scenery in early spring and an indispensable ornament in this painting. Apricots are scattered all over the mountain, with broken red dots, which are out of order, showing the vibrant state of nature, so the word is casually pointed out; The apples on the lake are endless, just like a green lawn neatly spread on the water, so it is paved. Flat characters have two functions: one is to describe the neatness of water apples; Second, it is used together with the word "floor" to mean flat, wide and boundless. People can imagine the vastness of the lake and the lush water apples. The descriptions of clouds, rain, sunshine, apricots and apples in the four sentences appropriately reflect the symptoms of early spring. However, if all this is done, there seems to be some fly in the ointment, and there is still a lack of the most vital animals. Five or six sentences: the low-winged white goose is still heavy, and the tongue is not successful, which just makes up for this shortcoming. Because of the wet rain, the white goose with heavy wings had to fly at low altitude; Similarly, due to the rain, the oriole's tongue is quite rough. However, one of them danced in spite of the wet rain, and the other couldn't help singing and screaming despite his tongue. There is only one reason, that is, this newly arrived spring is so wonderful and charming. Their dancing and singing added to the charm and charm of early spring.

The predecessors described the early spring with color, and their bellies were especially alert (volume 23 of Poetry and Wine in Tang and Song Dynasties), which just pointed out the triple key role. With this couplet, a complete "South Lake Early Spring Map" was declared complete. The last two sentences of this poem express the author's depressed mood. Faced with such a wonderful spring, the poet still lacks interest and mood, and there must be great hidden pain in his heart. At this time, the country is declining at home and abroad, but the poet can only watch and do nothing. For an exiled petty official, it is useless even if he has talent and good strategies. How can a poet who cares about his country and people and is in poor health be interested in enjoying the wonderful spring scenery? At the same time, the more beautiful the spring, the more lovely the country's rivers and mountains, and the more people worry about the terrible consequences of broken mountains and rivers and national destruction. Therefore, it is the poet's helpless sigh of worrying about the country and the people after thinking ahead in front of the refreshing early spring scenery.

Hanyu Zaochun

Han Yu: Early spring.

early spring

Author: Han Yu

The rain in Tianjie is as slippery as crisp,

The color of the grass is close in the distance, but not at all.

The biggest advantage is that one spring,

It's better than the smoke willow in the imperial city.

Translation:

It is raining lightly in the Imperial Capital, making the earth moist and soft.

Grass grows out of the ground, which is pale green from a distance, but it is not near.

The most beautiful thing in a year is this early spring scenery.

Far better than the late spring scenery in Beijing.

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The wonderful sentence of the whole article is that although the grass color is far and near, it is no longer there. Imagine: in early spring and February, in the north, when the ice is still hanging under the treetops and eaves, where is spring? Not even a shadow. But if it rains a little, the next day, you see, spring is coming. The foot of the rain in walk on by left the mark of spring, that is, the grass buds in early spring appeared. From a distance, it seems that there is a very pale green, which is the grass color in early spring. Watching, people's hearts are suddenly filled with happy business. However, when you look closely with infinite joy, the ground is sparse and extremely slender buds, but you can't see what color it is. The poet, like a talented ink painter, waved his wonderful pen full of water, vaguely emitting a hint of green, which is the grass color in early spring. From a distance, there are no more images, but when you get closer, you can't see them. This grass looks close at a distance, but it's actually nothing. It can be said that it is far and near, and it is lifelike in the air.

This poem praises the early spring, which can capture the soul of the early spring and give readers endless aesthetic interest, even surpassing painting. The poet does not have crayons, but uses poetic language to describe an extremely difficult color, a pale, seemingly non-existent color. Without keen observation and superb poetry, it is impossible to refine the natural beauty of early spring into artistic beauty.

Xianyang chengdong tower

East Building of Xianyang City, Xu Hun

Climb high and miss the ancient oil for thousands of miles, but the willows in your eyes are like Jiangnan.

The red sunset is in the temple outside the temple, and the wind has not yet come, and the wind has already blown the buildings in Xianyang.

At dusk, birds fly in the garden, and in late autumn, cicadas chirp in the leafy trees.

Passers-by don't ask about the past, only the Weihe River flows eastward as always.

Translation and annotation

As soon as I boarded the tower in Xianyang, I looked south. Smoke cages cover willows in the distance, much like Tingzhou in the Yangtze River.

When the sun went down, I climbed the tower. At that time, thick clouds came from climbing the west, a cool breeze was blowing gently, and rain was imminent.

Both dynasties became fields with wild vegetation; Forbidden garden and deep palace, now green grass everywhere, yellow leaves full of forest; Only insects can sing, but they don't know the ups and downs.

1, Xianyang: This is from Shaanxi. The title of this topic is "Looking at the Night Scene of the West Tower of Xianyang City".

2. Tingzhou: an island in the water.

3. Creek and Pavilion: Author's Note: Panxi is in the south, and Blessing Temple Pavilion is in the west.

4. The bird's next sentence: At sunset, the bird landed in the lush Qin Garden and sang in the yellow-leaf Han Palace.

5. That year: the former dynasty.

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By the time the poet was appointed as the censor in the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (849), the Tang Dynasty was already dying. One autumn evening, he boarded the ancient buildings in Xianyang to enjoy the scenery. When he saw the sun setting in the west and dark clouds rolling in, the cool breeze generate showed the poet's sadness and homesickness, as well as the feeling of mourning for the past and hurting the present. They were intertwined, so he improvised this poem (titled "East Building of Xianyang City"), which has unique significance and beautiful style.

As soon as I boarded the high Xianyang West Building, I felt endless sorrow in my heart. In front of me, flowers and green willows pile up smoke, just like the hometown of Yunshui sandbank. Twilight clouds gradually climb over the Xihe River, and the sun sets at the edge of Cifu Temple. The sudden cool breeze filled the West Wing, and a Shan Yu came. Birds fled into the green bushes in the forbidden park in panic; Cold and sad, dead tung hiding in the deep palace. Those who stay here, don't ask about the past of the old dynasty! On the ruins of the Qin and Han Dynasties, only the Wei River was left, which, as in the past, flowed to the east endlessly.

The poet's first couplet is a lyrical description of the scenery: the high city refers to the west tower of Xianyang City. Xianyang Old Town is located in the northwest of Xi City, which was called Chang 'an in Han Dynasty and the capital of Qin and Han Dynasties was built here. During the Sui Dynasty, it moved to the southeast to establish a new city, namely Chang 'an, Tang Dou. Xianyang Old Town faces Chang 'an across the Weihe River; Zanjian, that is, reed (Zan, Zan; Jia, Lu), secretly expressed his thoughts with poems in The Book of Songs; Tingzhou, the land by the water is Tingzhou, and the land in the water is Zhou Zhou, which refers to the poet's hometown. As soon as the poet boarded the Xianyang Tower, he looked south. Smoke cages cover willows in the distance, much like Tingzhou in the Yangtze River. The poet went to Chang 'an, far from his hometown. Once he went to prison, he was homesick. Willow is actually a little like Jiangnan. Wan Li's sorrow begins with homesickness: on the one hand, it shows that the time to trigger the poet's emotion is short and instantaneous, while Wan Li talks about the vast space of sorrow, a word of sorrow, which lays the tone of the whole poem. The brushwork is deep, the scenery is sad, and the feeling of desolation and desolation comes out immediately, which has far-reaching significance and great potential.

Zhuan Xu's poems, looking at the distant future at night, have far-reaching implications: the stream refers to Panxi, and the pavilion refers to Cifu Temple. The poet has his own notes: Panxi in the south and Cifu Temple Pavilion in the west. In the evening, when the poet boarded the tower, he saw the Panxi River shrouded in clouds and dusk, and the red color was getting lighter and lighter. The sunset overlapped with the shadow of the Cifu Temple Pavilion, as if falling near the temple pavilion. On the occasion of the beautiful scenery at the beginning of this sunset, the cool breeze suddenly rises, and the West Building of Xianyang is suddenly bathed in the piercing wind, and a Shan Yu is on the way. This is a copy of the natural scenery and a vivid outline of the decline of the Tang Dynasty, vividly revealing the real reason for the poet Wan Li's sadness. Yun Qi is sinking, full of wind and rain, and the movement is clear; The wind is the head of the rain, which has profound implications. This couplet is often used to describe the tense atmosphere before major events, and it is a famous sentence sung through the ages.

The necklace couplet is a close-up of the night, and the truth and the reality are in harmony: Shan Yu comes, birds flee into the green grass everywhere in panic, and Qiu Chan mourns and hides in the yellow leaf forest. These are the real scenes in front of the poet. However, the Qin Yuanhan Palace, which has long since disappeared, has made people have endless associations with the Forbidden Garden and the Deep Palace. Now there are green weeds everywhere, and the whole forest is covered with yellow leaves. Only birds and insects are singing, but they don't know the ups and downs. The evolution of history, the change of dynasties, and the vicissitudes of the world have pushed the poet's sorrow from Wan Li to the ages, and the feeling that the virtual scene and the real scene are superimposed and suspended in the past arises spontaneously.

Finally, tie a knot and blend in with the scenery: pedestrians and passers-by. Generally refers to the recruitment of past generations of wanderers, including authors; The old country refers to Xianyang, the old capital of Qin and Han dynasties; Coming from the East means that the poet (not Wei Shui) comes from the East. Finally, the poet sighed with emotion: don't ask the question of the rise and fall of Qin and Han Dynasties! When I came to Xianyang, my old country, I couldn't even find the ruins. Only weishui still flows as before. The word "Mo Wen" is not a word of exhortation, but a thought-provoking word, which allows readers to draw historical lessons from the sad and decadent natural scenery; A flowing word implies a feeling of regret that is difficult to save. In the scene of "Wei Shui Dong Liu" without words, the poet's sadness of homesickness and sadness of feeling the past and hurting the present are integrated, which is euphemistic, implicit and sad.

The whole poem is full of scenes and emotions, and the poet endows abstract feelings with shapes through the description of scenery, which not only presents natural scenery, but also embodies rich life experience and profound thinking about history and reality. The scenery is beautiful and the feelings are sad, which means that the scenery is desolate and the territory is vast and lofty. Full of pride, he is the leader of the late Tang Dynasty!