Composition, whether it is a proposition composition in class or a pen-lifting exercise outside class, must have a clear central meaning. Argumentative writing should have a main argument, and narrative writing should have a basic idea that runs through the whole article. This is the central meaning of the article. With the central meaning, there are requirements for composition and scope for material selection. I won't write one sentence in the east and one paragraph in the west, and write a thousand words, which is beside the point of Wan Li. Therefore, before writing, we should carefully examine the topic, make clear the meaning of the topic, tightly buckle the requirements and scope of the topic, and determine a center.

Second, we should carefully select and sort out the materials. If the central meaning is compared to the soul of an article, then the writing material is the flesh and blood of the article, an article.

After the central meaning of the article is determined, we should consider how to choose and organize the materials that make up this article. The first is material selection. In principle, take materials that have an effect on expressing the central idea; Materials that have no effect on expressing the central meaning are discarded. The choice of materials depends on the need to express the central idea. After the available materials are selected, do not treat them equally. Generally speaking, whatever plays an important role in the expression center,

Write in detail; Anything that plays a general role in the expression center, just write it briefly. Followed by tissue materials. When the materials are available, there must be an order, which to write first and which to write later. accomplish

The article is divided into several paragraphs, and how to transition between each paragraph should be internally related. In short, around the central meaning of the article, we should arrange the materials very orderly.

Third, the article should have a good beginning and end. The article is a whole, with soul-central meaning, flesh and blood-material, and so on.

There is a beginning and a end, so we should consider the beginning and the end in the process of conception. The beginning of the article should closely follow the central meaning and lead to the following; At the end of the article, we should summarize the whole article and deepen the central idea. A good beginning can be fascinating and make people look at it with relish; A good ending can be thought-provoking and make people feel incoherent. Considering the beginning and the end is an important content in the process of conception.

Fourth, make an outline and write out the results of the idea. After thinking about what to write and how to write it, there is already a preliminary plan. But not yet.

Anxious to start writing, in order to make the composition smooth, we should write out the results of the idea and compile an outline of the composition. If you don't have time to write, you should have an outline in your mind.

How to make an outline? Let me give you an example. A classmate wrote a composition: the first day of winter vacation, to the effect that at the end of the term,

After the report card was issued, all subjects were excellent, but the students failed in physical education and the three excellent students did not evaluate it. This student is determined to exercise and strive to be a good student with good thinking, good study and good health. On the first day of winter vacation, he got up in the morning and did long-distance running exercise against the biting cold wind.

In order to write this composition well, he compiled an outline and asked for my advice. First, the article should be straight to the point at the beginning. Secondly, the running process is described in detail. Third, the end of the article should be centered and summarized.

This outline is too short. What is the use of writing a composition? When writing an outline, you should consider how to

Sample writing is helpful for composition. The purpose of compiling an outline is to "use" rather than mechanically complete a program to cope with "cross-homework". This classmate rewrote an outline according to the principles I talked about.

First of all, at the beginning of the article, the reasons for winter vacation exercise are summarized.

Second, the main part of the article describes the process of overcoming difficulties in running. Third, at the end of the article, write the mood after overcoming difficulties. The revised outline has made progress, and it can be written according to the specific content of the composition, but it is not detailed.

You can think further: where should I start? What difficulties have you encountered in running? one

How to overcome this difficulty? How many layers of meaning should I write at the end of the article? In view of these problems, this classmate wrote an outline for the third time. First, start.

1. Start with the report card issued at the end of the term, and explain why you didn't give the three good grades.

Make up your mind to keep exercising every day from the first day of winter vacation. Second, the main part of the article.

1. Running is difficult.

Strong wind-describe the ferocity of strong wind from different angles, such as the sound you hear and the sand you see. It's cold-it's explained from several aspects, such as the ice flowers on the glass window, one's own feelings and the clothing of pedestrians.

It's fifteen degrees below zero.

2. How to overcome difficulties? Run with all your might in the strong wind.

My ears were frozen like needles, so I gritted my teeth and rushed forward. Ideological struggle when you can't support it, run or stop. The ideological struggle has won and we are sprinting to the top. Third, the end.

1. Feeling of the whole body after running.

2. Happy mood after overcoming difficulties. If you write such an outline, your composition will have ideas, and you won't get stuck if you write one layer at a time.

Naturally, you can write quickly and well. This is the so-called "reasonable"!

Conception before writing plays an important role in the speed of composition. However, the speed of conception is closely related to daily study, observation and thinking. Therefore, if you want to write a composition quickly, you must work hard in many aspects. As Comrade Xu Guangping said when talking about Mr. Lu Xun's writing, "It seems that Lu Xun writes very fast, but this is the result of daily continuous learning and accumulation in many aspects, and it is the result of diligent study and practice."

Why do you want to correct your own composition?

It seems natural that students write and teachers revise their compositions, but teachers often ask students to revise their compositions. Some students don't understand this kind of practice very much, and they whisper in their hearts: Why should students correct their own texts? What's the good of this?

Under the guidance of the teacher, students begin to revise their compositions, which has many benefits. First, students' self-revision helps to improve the quality of their compositions. Anyone with writing experience knows that.

Tao: Good compositions are mostly revised. Tang Biao, an ancient scholar, made an apt analogy: "Writing is like attacking jade. Attack one layer of stone today, and see jade a little, and attack another layer of stone tomorrow. "

If you see too much jade, attack again (without stopping) and you will run out of jade. The same is true of composition. We should make progress day by day by modifying (revising) old texts and rewriting old inscriptions. "

Tang Biao is very reasonable. A composition needs careful consideration to determine the correct ideological content and good writing form. Even after careful consideration, it is difficult to consider the first draft. Only through repeated scrutiny and revision can the quality of the composition be improved. If you face your own composition under the guidance of the teacher, concentrate on the analysis: where is tedious, how to delete the complexity and simplify it; Where to delete words and how to add words. Whether the content is superficial and how to improve it; Whether the hierarchy is messy and how to adjust it. If the whole structure is not properly arranged, it will be rebuilt and overhauled. Because I checked the faults of the composition according to my own thinking, I found it more complete and accurate, and because I revised it in my familiar language according to my own understanding level, it was natural and appropriate. Use your head and revise your composition yourself. A quality composition is not difficult, just like digging for jade.

Second, students' self-revision helps to master the rules of composition.

Modifying a composition is nothing more than modifying and correcting mistakes and deficiencies. Errors and shortcomings in composition are essentially against the law of composition. If you master the rules of composition, mistakes and shortcomings can be avoided. So, how can we master the rules of composition? Under the guidance of teachers, correcting your own wrong composition is one of the important ways to master the law of composition.

Mr. Lu Xun emphasized that we should understand the way of composition by modifying faulty articles. He pointed out:

On the one hand, learners must know that they should not write like this, so that they can understand that they should write like this. Mr. Lu Xun believes that bad news stories and novels can be used to dissect "specimens that should not be written like this."

People's understanding of something is generally obtained from successful experience. However, mistakes and setbacks

Folding can often inspire the spark of wisdom. This is because, after an error occurs, people often use comparative methods to judge right and wrong and distinguish advantages and disadvantages, which is often more profound than the understanding without comparison. No wonder there was a writer in the Song Dynasty who bought Bai Juyi's revised poems at a high price of 500 gold, carefully studied the places where Bai Juyi smeared and revised them, and learned the truth of writing poems. In this sense, under the guidance of teachers, it is essential to revise your composition with wrong questions and draw correct conclusions from mistakes.

Third, students' self-revision helps to cultivate their thinking ability. Revising a composition is a stone to hone your thinking ability. In the process of revising the composition, the theme deepens,

The richness of material makes people's thoughts broader and deeper; The judgment of content right or wrong and the analysis of language quality are opportunities to exercise analytical ability; To achieve a clear hierarchy, rigorous structure and natural transition is to exercise thinking logic; Learning model essays, unlike model essays, is a breakthrough in revision, and it is also an exercise in thinking flexibility and creativity. Generally speaking, a series of thinking activities to improve the composition are deeper, broader, more rigorous and more accurate than what was thought at the time of conception. In short, it is being revised.

In the process of writing, thinking has been well trained. Fourthly, it is helpful for students to modify their own compositions to cultivate good learning quality. We know that the will shown in learning is very important for completing the learning task.

Learning quality. The cultivation of will is always associated with overcoming difficulties. The more difficulties and complex problems need to be solved in learning, the more students' will can be cultivated. It is a process of overcoming difficulties, solving problems and honing one's will to revise one's composition in spite of illness.

When you revise your composition, you must have a belief and must improve it. No matter how hard it is, it doesn't matter how many times it is changed. As long as there is no improvement, we must persevere, attack again and pursue persistently. This is an excellent exercise to learn perseverance. Revising the composition requires a sense of self-monitoring and strict requirements. Whether it is the composition assigned by the teacher in class, or your own written exercises after class, or even the written assignments of other subjects, you can automatically check and modify them. The formation of this habit can strengthen the sense of responsibility in learning. In addition, revising the composition can cultivate the spirit of modesty and eagerness to learn, attach importance to other people's opinions and make self-criticism. In a word, revising the composition can cultivate good learning quality.

How to find the problem of composition?

Obviously, it's a faulty composition. I think it's flawless and can't be revised. Therefore, finding problems is the premise of revising the composition. Some students really want to cultivate their ability to revise their compositions, but they can't find any problems in their compositions. Here are some ways to find out the problems in their compositions for your reference.

First, read the composition several times after writing it. Read this article after you finish it. Mr. Lu Xun said, "Watch it at least twice." Most? Didn't say. Song dynasty; surname

Chao Ouyang Xiu "If it is an article, the book is the wall of the Fu family, which can be entered and kept." It shows that the composition should be closed and read as many times as possible.

It makes sense to read more after writing a composition. After reading it for the first time, it is difficult to spread ideas everywhere, and it is easy to catch one or two obvious problems; The second time you search with your heart, you can find one or two hidden mistakes; The third time, it is possible to ask questions worthy of scrutiny from the details; The fourth time, from the outside to the inside, I thought deeply and maybe found the contradiction between the lines. In this way, look-look-look-reappear, and knowledge spirals in the cycle. The problems in the composition range from unclear understanding to vague understanding, and finally they are clear to the chest.

Therefore, students should not rush to finish their composition, and hand it over to the teacher without looking. Read it as soon as you finish, and read it as many times as possible. Some students, when revising their compositions, set their own reading steps and put forward specific requirements for reading. Every time you read it, try to find a disease by mistake, which is very beneficial to develop the habit of reading it several times after writing the composition.

Second, revise the composition and read aloud.

Revise the composition not only by reading, but also by reading. There was a poet named Jia Dao in the Tang Dynasty. Every time I finish writing a poem, I always read, walk and sit over and over again.

I also sing in the rain, read books at home and read books outside. Once, he was riding a donkey and walking in the street, mumbling something.

Still reading aloud, the donkey hit someone and didn't even know. Later people called him a bitter poet. Mr. Lu Xun summed up how he started his novel and said, "After I finish writing, I always have to read it twice. If you feel awkward, add or delete a few words to ensure that it reads smoothly. "

It is very reasonable to revise the composition and read aloud. The composition is "writing words", but it has fallen behind.

After all, written language is different from spoken language, so it is inevitable that articles should be "literary". If you just look at it with your eyes, some "words" will slip past your eyes, and you can feel them when you read them out loud with your mouth. Because those sentences that are too "literal" must be awkward to read and sound. On the analysis, either the words are not satisfactory, or the grammar is wrong, or there are few words missing. According to the language requirements of the specification, the article will change the embarrassing place. From this perspective, reading aloud after writing a composition is an important step.

Third, I won't ask questions and ask others to criticize. When revising a composition, it is often the case that you try your best at the existing level. Listen,

Reading, still can't find anything wrong, just stop writing and don't change. In fact, you can't see the problem, it doesn't mean that there is no problem in the composition, just that you haven't found any problems. This requires taking the initiative to show the composition to others, listening to criticism with an open mind and asking for help. During the Jian 'an period, Cao Zhi often invited some friends to make suggestions after writing poems. He stipulated that it is forbidden to talk about advantages, let alone flatter others, but to criticize more, find faults and "sneer at their writings".

Cao Zhi's practice is worth learning from. Isn't there an idiom called "the interested party loses, the bystander sees clearly"? Your own composition is obviously flawed, but you can't find it, but you appreciate it. This is called "party fan". Find some classmates to comment on, they are impartial, and the shortcomings of the article are also very clear.

Chuchu, I can find out for you one by one. This is called "the bystander is clear". It doesn't matter if you don't agree with others' views. We can discuss it. You talk about your Tao, and he talks about his reason. By arguing, you can tell whether the composition is true or false. Isn't that a good thing? So, when you can't find anything wrong with revising your composition, just find a few people to "pick your nose and pick your eyes", and then you can clearly find: "Oh, there are still many problems in writing!" Four, after a period of change is the way to find the problem.

Do you have this experience? After a composition is finished, I try my best to revise it, but I really can't find anything wrong, and the teacher's grades are good, but after a while, I will find that there are still some shortcomings that need to be revised. What is the reason?

Writing a composition, whether narrative or discussion, is to show the author's understanding of a problem or something. The depth of people's understanding is bound to be limited by the ideological level and objective conditions at that time. After a while, I read some books, watched some movies, and participated in some activities, and got a new understanding of the contents of my previous composition. When I look back at the composition that I think there is no problem, I will find the problem and feel dissatisfied. This naturally produces the desire to modify.

There is a classmate who always summarizes a semester's composition at the end of each semester. The advantages and disadvantages of each composition should be carefully analyzed, and then revised according to the newly discovered problems. Because he insisted on the method of "revising at intervals", his composition made remarkable progress.

Fifth, comparing the model essays helps to find problems.

Students who are good at thinking are good at finding problems in their compositions by comparing them with model essays. For example, after writing a composition and remembering one thing, I read Lu Xun's A Little Thing and found that I didn't remember enough. I wrote a composition describing a handicraft, read Wei Xueyuan's "The Story of a Nuclear Ship" and found that I had a problem. "Where there is comparison, there is discrimination", and the selected model essay is very targeted, which can find problems in your composition from comparison and produce a feeling of being dwarfed.

Sixth, carefully understand the teacher's comment on writing.

There are generally two kinds of teachers' comments: one is the final comment written at the back of the composition, which makes a concise and comprehensive analysis of the whole composition, what are its advantages and disadvantages, and how to improve it. One is the eyebrow criticism written on both sides of the composition paper, which is the view of a certain part of the article. Write well, be sure, write poorly, and explain the reasons. There are some sick sentences, which the teacher marks with a red pen to attract the students' attention.

Reading the teacher's comments carefully is like hearing the teacher standing in front of you and telling you directly: this.

This place is not specific, it should be described in many ways; This sentence is not fluent, change the word; This repetition can delete the teacher's comments and help us find problems in our composition.

The above mentioned six ways to find composition problems. In the process of revising the composition, master the correct

Methods, help to find problems in the composition. But for the problems found in the composition, it is more important to constantly improve the level of understanding and expand the scope of knowledge. If the level of knowledge is improved and the scope of knowledge is expanded, you can stand tall. Condescending, and then look at your own composition, it is easy to find the problem of composition. So we can't ignore the efforts from this aspect. We should not only pay attention to mastering the correct methods in the process of revising the composition, but also strive to improve the level of understanding and expand the scope of knowledge, so as to gradually cultivate a strong ability to find composition problems.

How to eliminate typos?

It is said that there was such a thing in ancient times. A magistrate likes loquat very much. Someone bought him a basket and sent a letter first.

Write: "I present a basket of pipa, I hope you can accept it." The magistrate looked very strange: "Why did you send me a basket to play the pipa?" When things arrive,

But that's a basket of fresh loquat that can be eaten. The magistrate smiled and recited two poems: "Loquat is not this pipa, and it is hateful to have poor literacy." A guest went on to say two words: "If the pipa can blossom and bear fruit, all the flutes in the city will blossom."

Pipa certainly can't blossom and bear fruit. These poems are satirizing people who write typos. In fact, some students also have such jokes in their compositions, such as "conducting an investigation"

"Hang up the inspection", write "Sleeping on the kang" as "Sleeping in the fire pit", and write "Teacher" as "Teacher" and so on. This is a problem that should be paid attention to.

When we write a composition, we just want to express our ideas with words and expressions so as to communicate with each other. If a composition is full of typos, how can you accurately express your thoughts so that others can understand it? Therefore, to write a good composition, we must correctly use the language of the motherland, that is to say, we should take eliminating typos as an important task and take them seriously.

In order to help young friends to better eliminate typos, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of Chinese characters in China.

Point.

There are many characters, which is a characteristic of Chinese characters. China's earliest dictionary, Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty, received 9353 words. The Kangxi Dictionary compiled by the Qing Dynasty has collected 47,035 words, but it has not been completely collected. The total number of Chinese characters is estimated to be as many as 50 thousand and 60 thousand. There are not only many characters in Chinese characters, but also many strokes in each character, which is the second characteristic of Chinese characters. Before the simplification of Chinese characters, there were as many as thirty or forty strokes. After simplification, there are still many Chinese characters with more than twenty strokes. Another feature of Chinese characters is that each word has a pronunciation, and some words are polyphonic. For example, "stay" is written as "dormitory" and has been to school. If it says "stay one night", go to school in xiū. At the same time, we should also see that Chinese characters in our country are complex ideograms, and each word has its own unique font, pronunciation and meaning. Because of the complexity of Chinese characters, it is difficult to learn Chinese characters. If you don't study Chinese characters according to their characteristics, it is easy to produce typos. There are usually the following kinds of typos: First, you write typos because you don't have an accurate grasp of the font.

1. Increase or decrease strokes.

For example, write "grand" as "■) heavy"; Write "dyeing" as "■" color "; Write "or" for "(■)".

2. The font is confusing. For example, write "acupuncture" as "acupuncture (inflammation)"; Write "sadness" as "sadness"; Write "sublime" as "sublime". Two, pronounced the same, but written in other words.

1. Homophones with similar shapes are confused. For example, write "exercise" as "forging"; Write "coral" as "mountain (butterfly)"; Write "disheartened" as "(restore) heart" 2. Homophones with different glyphs are confused. For example, write "take the lead" as "(generation) head";

Write "already" as "(by) Jing"; Write "hard" as "(gram) bitter". Third, the meaning of the word is not understood. For example, if you write "terminally ill" as "terminally ill (blindness)", you don't understand that "terminally ill" is the heart diaphragm.

Occasionally the word "blind" is misused. Write "unbridled" as "unbridled" and don't understand the meaning of "unbridled" as "afraid".

Misuse of the word "bomb" It is wrong to write "make up after the sheep dies" as "make up after the sheep dies", but I don't understand the meaning of "death"

Use the word "Wang". In view of the above-mentioned typos, the following methods can be adopted. In order to eliminate typos.

First, firmly grasp the correct font and put an end to typos. We all have this experience in our study. If we learn new words for the first time, we should remember them.

To be sure, generally speaking, this word will not be misspelled in the future. The first time I learned Chinese characters, I got the shape of the characters wrong. Although I corrected it later, I still made mistakes. Therefore, the fundamental way to eliminate typos is to recognize the truth, learn every new word well, and firmly grasp the correct font. Every time you learn a new word, you should read it clearly and write it accurately. Don't be short of arms and legs, don't add branches and leaves, especially some words with many strokes, so be careful.

Getting into the habit of looking up the dictionary is good for eliminating typos. Don't take it for granted that you can't write. Open the dictionary and learn to write again. It's just some words you've learned. If you feel uncertain, don't believe in handwritten "general meaning". Look it up in the dictionary before writing. If you can learn to write with such a serious attitude, typos can naturally be eliminated.

Second, use the principle of Chinese characters to eliminate typos.

About 70% of Chinese characters are pictophonetic characters. Some of these words represent pronunciation and some represent meaning. Such as "dodge" and "clear". "Green" is the pronunciation of these two words, and "insect" and "beech" respectively mean the meanings of these two words.

According to the characteristics of pictophonetic characters, we can distinguish words with similar glyphs and avoid mistakes.

For example, the "tip" of the treetop is a part of the tree, and the side is "wood". The word "take" in "sending a message" means hand delivery and use the word "put". So we can't write "treetops" as "trees" and "news" as "letters".

Third, through comparison, grasp the characteristics and eliminate typos.

Some Chinese characters are similar in shape, but slightly different, which is very confusing. If you are not careful, you may write the words wrong. It is a good way to avoid making mistakes by comparing these words, finding out their similarities and differences and grasping their characteristics. Example 1: already (semi-sealed)

I (jǐ, without seal)

(Si, sealing) Example 2: Defensive (sh, middle point) E (W, middle hollow) X (ū, middle horizontal) Fourth, understand the meaning of words and eliminate typos through word formation.

To solve this kind of problem, we must make great efforts to understand the meaning of words. However, it is often difficult to remember the meaning of words in isolation. If we use words that are easy to write wrong, and combine the meaning of words with the meaning of words, the effect will be much better.

Example 1: Difficult and Difficult Through word formation, I deeply understand that the word "difficult" is difficult and the word "difficult" is difficult. In this way, we will not write "firmness" as "(difficulty) solid" and "difficulty" as "(firmness) bitterness".

Example 2: Often, often, for a long time, through the combination of words, we can know exactly that "often" means unchanged, and "long" means long time. In this way, "long" will not be written as "scenery (long)" and "long" will be written as "(long) long". Four methods of eliminating typos have been introduced above. In fact, there are more than four ways to eliminate typos. As far as I know, a classmate ordered a small notebook to collect typos, copied down the typos in the composition, corrected them, and wrote each word five times in the right way. He also often looks through this little book to prevent recurrence. There are few typos in his composition in the future. This classmate has a good way to eliminate typos. There is also a team, under the leadership of the monitor, which collects the typos in everyone's composition books from time to time and holds a competition to eliminate typos, which has played a very good role in eliminating typos. This is also a method worth promoting.

Chinese characters with a long history have a great influence on all aspects of our social life, and also play an important role in enhancing the friendship between our people and the people of the world and strengthening cultural and scientific exchanges. Therefore, we must overcome difficulties, study hard and master the language of the motherland correctly. Young friends, I hope you will create more and more effective ways to eliminate typos and work hard for the correct and healthy use of the Chinese language and characters!