In the Q&A of the stock issuance and listing of the Science and Technology Innovation Board, the Shanghai Stock Exchange has clearly stipulated that the core technical personnel include, in principle, technical directors, directors of R&D departments, inventors or designers of major intellectual property rights and non-patented technologies, and drafters of major technical standards.
(1) work
Posts can directly reflect the importance of relevant personnel in enterprise R&D system, so whether technicians are in core positions is the primary factor to identify core technicians.
In the Q&A of the stock issuance and listing of the Science and Technology Innovation Board, the Shanghai Stock Exchange has clearly stipulated that the core technical personnel include, in principle, technical directors, directors of R&D departments, inventors or designers of major intellectual property rights and non-patented technologies, and drafters of major technical standards. From the original intention of the regulatory authorities, the key point is to examine whether technicians have "core" attributes.
Dozens of prospectuses retrieved by the author also disclose the work and positions of core technicians without exception.
Of course, the post should not be simply understood as a position (such as director of R&D), but also pay attention to its specific work content, responsibilities and obligations. For example, the number and importance of participating in enterprise R&D projects should be considered, and the main participants in enterprise core R&D projects should also belong to core technicians. On the contrary, employees who are not in technical or R&D positions at present, even those with higher positions, or even those who have undertaken a lot of specific work, should not be regarded as core technical personnel because they belong to ordinary technical personnel and have strong substitutability in the technical team.
(2) scientific research contribution
Scientific research contribution mainly refers to the practical role and relevance of employees to the scientific research achievements such as technology research and development and intellectual property rights of enterprises.
The Shanghai Stock Exchange clearly pointed out in the Q&A of the stock issuance and listing of the science and technology innovation board that enterprises applying for listing on the science and technology innovation board should determine the scope of core technical personnel according to the actual role played by relevant personnel in the production and operation of the enterprise. In the first round of inquiry, it was also explicitly required to disclose "the specific role of core technicians in R&D, obtaining the company's patented technology, the exclusive right of integrated circuit layout design, software copyright, non-patented technology, etc." This fully reflects the contribution of scientific research and is one of the important bases for identifying core technicians.
In the cases retrieved by the author, most enterprises count and explain the number of patents declared by each core technician as an inventor, so as to reflect their scientific contribution to the declared enterprises. There are also a few companies that only outline that core technicians are the main contributors to many core technologies of the company. For example, Yantai Ruichuang Micro-nano Technology Co., Ltd. only outlined in the prospectus (application draft) that "three technical core personnel have worked in the company for a long time and are the main contributors to many core technologies of the company. Among the invention patents and utility model patents owned by the company, there are 26 core technicians, one of whom is 10, accounting for 63.4 1% and 4 1.67% of all authorized invention patents and utility model patents respectively. It was not until he replied to the inquiry raised by the Shanghai Stock Exchange that he explained in detail the specific role of each core technician, including the role and rights in the company's technical direction/technical plan.
The author believes that although the objective evaluation criteria that can be used to verify scientific research contributions are limited, it is best to be specific and quantitative when demonstrating. Identifying core technicians through the statistics of patented technology inventors/designers, exclusive rights of integrated circuit layout design, software copyright and non-patented technology can relatively objectively reflect the actual role of specific personnel, can be used as one of the ways to check scientific research contributions, and also conforms to the identification principles stipulated by Shanghai Stock Exchange in the Q&A of Stock Issuance and Listing of Science and Technology Innovation Board.
In addition, if technicians master the core technologies related to the main business areas of the enterprise, or have corresponding technical expertise, it will undoubtedly play an important role in the enterprise. Therefore, the core technology or technical expertise mastered by technicians can also be considered as a factor to check and judge their scientific research contributions. Zhangjiagang Everbright Special Materials Co., Ltd. disclosed in detail the core technology mastered by every core technician in its prospectus, which is one of the bases for identifying core technicians.
(3) Work experience
The relevance and richness of work experience can reflect the technical research and development ability of employees relatively intuitively. Rich working experience in related industries is also an important criterion for identifying core technicians. Working time in related industries and working experience in well-known enterprises in the same industry or similar industries can be used as the basis for identifying core technicians.
The Standard for Contents and Formats of Information Disclosure of Companies Offering Securities to the Public No.41-Prospectus of Science and Technology Innovation Board Company also clearly requires that the main business experience, work experience, important positions and tenure of core technicians should be disclosed in the "Basic Information of Issuer" part of the prospectus.
In all the cases retrieved by the author, the core technicians have rich experience in related industries. Some reporting enterprises will emphasize the professional experience of core technicians. For example, Anji Microelectronics Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. emphasized in the prospectus that "the company's core technical team has accumulated rich experience and advanced technology in the semiconductor materials industry for decades". If a technician works in an important position and makes a nominal contribution to the company's scientific research, but lacks professional experience, it will undoubtedly weaken the persuasiveness of the core technicians.
Second, the reference basis
In addition to the above-mentioned necessary basis, academic qualifications, professional qualifications, academic achievements, industry influence, honorary awards, term of office, etc. can also be used as reference and auxiliary basis for identifying core technical personnel, proving the core attributes of technical personnel in many ways. However, it should be pointed out that independence can be used as the basis for identification only if the reference basis itself cannot be divorced from the necessary basis. For example, well-known experts hired by the reporting enterprise, even if they have high qualifications and great influence in the industry, should not be considered as core technical personnel if they have not actually worked in technical or R&D positions and have no direct scientific research contribution to the company.
(1) Education background
As a professional ability, technology research and development ability is closely related to the education received by individuals. Therefore, academic qualifications have certain reference value for identifying core technicians, and excellent academic qualifications are the favorable basis for identifying core technicians.
No.41,the information disclosure content and format standard of companies offering securities to the public-the prospectus of science and technology innovation board companies also clearly requires that the "business and technology" part of the prospectus should disclose the academic background composition of core technicians.
(2) Professional qualification
Vocational qualifications are usually issued or recognized by relevant government departments and industry organizations, which can objectively and directly prove that employees' theory and practice in related professional fields have reached a certain professional level, and are objective evidence to prove employees' technical research and development capabilities.
Professional qualifications with high social recognition and great difficulty in obtaining are the strong basis for identifying core technical personnel, such as national experts of "Thousand Talents Program", selected personnel of national "Hundred Talents Program", provincial experts of "Thousand Talents Program", selected personnel of "Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents Promotion Program" of Ministry of Science and Technology, and professor-level senior engineers.
According to No.41-Prospectus of Science and Technology Innovation Board Company, the professional qualifications obtained by core technicians also belong to the contents that should be disclosed in the "business and technology" part of the prospectus.
(3) Academic achievements
Academic achievements refer to the achievements of employees in related professional fields, such as academic papers and monographs. Academic achievements are usually the basis for evaluating the professional level and research ability of scholars and university teachers. As researchers, core technicians can apply this foundation analogously.
In the cases retrieved by the author, many prospectuses disclose in detail the papers written and published by core technicians, and even disclose the number of articles cited. For example, Hangzhou Anheng Information Technology Co., Ltd. disclosed in its prospectus that Liu Bo, one of its core technicians, * * * published SCI scientific research papers 15, and the total number of international citations exceeded 6,000.
(4) Industry impact
Industry influence can be divided into two aspects, one is to participate in drafting and formulating industry standards, and the other is to hold social positions related to the industry.
People who participate in drafting and formulating industry standards are usually senior professionals in the industry. Therefore, participation in drafting and formulating industry standards can be used as one of the basis for identifying core technical personnel. In order to show their scientific research strength, some enterprises in the science and technology innovation board disclosed the participation of core technicians in drafting and formulating industry standards in the prospectus. For example, Jiangsu Ang Lee Ruixin Material Co., Ltd. disclosed in the prospectus that one of its core technicians participated in drafting the industry standard "Casting Powder for Gypsum Investment Casting" (JB/T1KLOC-0/734-2013), and Cao participated in the detection method of α -crystalline silica content in spherical silicon powder for electronic packaging.
Social positions held by social organizations related to industry and scientific research (such as professional committees, professional societies, trade associations, etc.). To a certain extent, it can reflect that this person has certain research strength, has achieved certain scientific research results, and has certain influence in this industry or professional field. Therefore, social posts with industry and scientific research attributes can also be used as one of the basis for identifying core technical personnel. Many enterprises in science and technology innovation board have disclosed the social positions of core technicians in their prospectuses. For example, as disclosed in the prospectus of Beijing Wald Diamond Tools Co., Ltd., one of its core technicians, Chen Jifeng, is a member of the Professional Committee of Superhard Materials and Products of China Materials Research Society, the 9th Executive Director of Electronic Glass Branch of China Silicate Association, the Professional Technical Committee of Beijing Branch of International Information Display Society (SID), the Expert Committee of China Machinery Industry Metal Cutting Tool Technology Association and the National Artificial Crystal Standardization Committee.
(5) honorary awards
Honorary awards related to scientific research are external evidence to prove the scientific research and development ability of researchers, especially some awards with strict selection requirements and high social recognition, such as national and provincial scientific and technological progress awards.
Therefore, the honorary awards won can undoubtedly be used as a reference for identifying core scientific and technological personnel. The content and format standard of information disclosure of companies offering securities to the public No.41-Prospectus of Science and Technology Innovation Board Company also explicitly requires that the "business and technology" part of the prospectus should disclose the awards won by the core technicians, and most of the enterprises in the process of reviewing the Science and Technology Innovation Board searched by the author have also disclosed this.
(6) Term of office
The term of office can reflect the stability of the relevant personnel's work, and also reflect its importance to the enterprise to some extent. Therefore, it can also be used as a reference when identifying core technicians.
Some enterprises under review emphasize the tenure of core technicians. Among them, Chen Jing Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. directly disclosed in its prospectus that its criteria for identifying core technical personnel include "working years in the company exceed 10 years".
The author believes that the term of office can only be used as a reference, not as an independent and exclusive standard. If the term of office is directly regarded as the criterion, it will face the problem of how to determine the specific term objectively and scientifically. The enterprise may adjust the term of office, so that some people who have played a core role in the last two years but left the company are deliberately excluded from the core technical personnel, so that the enterprise can meet the payment conditions of "there has been no major adverse change in the core technical personnel in the last two years".
In a word, the positioning of the science and technology innovation board determines the importance of core technology to the declared enterprise, and the core technicians are the basis of the core technology and scientific research strength of the enterprise. Correctly identifying core technical personnel, improving their information disclosure content in advance and reducing inquiries from regulatory authorities are very important for reporting enterprises to successfully go public through intermediaries.