An academic paper is a scientific record of new scientific research achievements or innovative ideas and knowledge of an academic topic in an experimental, theoretical or predictive way, or a scientific summary of new progress by applying known principles, so as to provide a written document for reading, communicating, discussing or publishing in academic journals or for other purposes. According to the purpose of writing, academic papers can be divided into communicative papers and evaluative papers. I collected and sorted out the topic selection methods of academic paper writing for everyone.

The method of selecting topics for academic thesis writing [Abstract] Graduation thesis writing is a challenge for students. How to choose a good topic and master the basic skills of writing is the key to success in writing. This paper mainly expounds how to guide and guide students to choose the right topic and write accurately from the aspects of topic selection ideas and writing skills of each part of the thesis structure, which has certain guiding significance for improving students' graduation thesis writing level.

[Keywords:] graduation thesis; Topic selection; Writing skills

Graduation thesis is an important part of college graduates' professional assessment and an important link of practical teaching. It is an expository article for recent graduates to comprehensively use professional knowledge and reflect their knowledge level and academic opinions in the form of papers. Any student is very concerned about how to finish his thesis, and often has no clue. Some students don't know how to choose the topic of the thesis, and more students don't know what the requirements of graduation thesis writing are, and they don't know where to start. They often worry about graduation thesis. The writing of graduation thesis is really a challenge for students. Therefore, it is of great practical and guiding significance to explore the topic selection ideas of students' graduation thesis and put forward standardized writing skills and requirements for improving students' analytical ability, practical operation ability and writing level.

First, the graduation thesis topic selection ideas

Choosing a topic is the first step in writing a thesis. As the saying goes: "A good composition is half the battle", that is to say, choosing a topic is half the battle. Therefore, for a beginner in thesis writing, determining a good topic is the key to the success of thesis writing.

In addition to social value (focusing on the key points, difficulties and hot spots in real economic life), one's own knowledge structure, professional characteristics, the difficulty of data sources, the guarantee of time and other factors, the determination of the topic of the paper has its own ideas:

1, the choice of popular and unpopular

The advantages of popular topic selection are: first, information is easy to collect, and there will be more relevant information in various media for a period of time; Second, in real economic life, you have personal feelings about such problems; Third, once it is well written, it will have a chance to be adopted by relevant newspapers. Its disadvantage is that there are many students who choose a topic, and the sources of information collected by them are similar. The articles written are patchwork, the content and structure are similar, and it is difficult to have new ideas. It is naturally impossible for a tutor to give good grades when he sees such an article. For example, there were 4 1 1 papers in the graduating class of higher vocational marketing directed by the author last year, which was a topic, from brand to famous brand. It can be seen that students collect information from the internet and magazines, and the cases used in the article are similar. Most of them are plagiarized and have no own language at all. Brand research is the hottest topic in recent years. There is so much research in this field that it is difficult for you to have your own new point of view. Of course, under this topic, it may be a good article if the title is redesigned from another angle (different from most papers), highlighting the brand issues that enterprises are most concerned about, and interspersed with convincing cases.

The unpopular topic is also relative. For students, that is, they rarely choose or don't choose, and it is difficult to collect information, but they must have academic value and practical application value, not too old-fashioned topics that are divorced from economic life. For example, the author published the book Investment Promotion last year. In 2002, when we were working on such a topic, we found that in recent years, the work of attracting investment all over the country was booming, and there were books describing the work of attracting investment on the market, but there were few. All localities have compiled handbooks focusing on various departments, but they have not really studied attracting investment as a discipline. At the same time, in the process of collecting information, I learned that all investment institutions lack such a tool book to guide their specific work. There are many examples of investment institutions, but few people have raised it to the height of theory. In this year, there are too many difficulties in collecting data. It seems that there is no data to collect, so we can only refer to and learn from marginal disciplines. Therefore, it is easier to succeed in writing by choosing this "unpopular" topic.

Choosing a "hot" topic or an "unpopular" topic depends on your own situation. It is difficult to collect information about "unpopular" topics. You will work harder than others, but you will often get good results, that is, your paper score is higher than other students.

2, the choice of big questions and small questions

The big topic covers a wide range, and there are many things to write, but it is not easy to write deeply, and everything is meticulous. Can only be generalized, prone to loopholes. For example, the topic of corporate culture in China is too big. This topic should be the title of a book. How to make a paper of about 5000 words clear can only be some rules and regulations, and the article is not easy to write deeply. If you choose a small topic under this big topic: How do China enterprises build their own culture or some ideas about the construction of corporate culture in China, you can write the article in depth.

Although you can concentrate on making a fuss, you can't be too small, and there is not enough room for expansion. You may not meet the requirements of your graduation thesis (about 5000 words), thus limiting yourself to death, and the collected materials cannot be sorted out in the article.

Novices should write papers with small but not big topics, concrete but not abstract, limited but not broad. For example, On Enterprise Reform, On State-owned Enterprise Reform, On State-owned Enterprise Property Right System Reform, On State-owned Enterprise Property Right System Reform —— Starting from the shareholding system reform of a company. These four themes are smaller and more specific. Relatively speaking, the difficulty of writing is getting easier.

3. Combination of topic selection and practice

There are only two ways to choose a topic: first, it is limited to collect information after choosing a topic (which is required by ordinary schools); Second, around a certain aspect, determine a small topic on the basis of possessing information or practical experience (this is more scientific and reasonable). If you follow the correct idea of choosing a topic, it is best to start collecting information, writing an outline and writing a thesis as required, but there are some special circumstances: your graduation thesis is actually completed after you take part in the internship or practice next semester, or after you have been employed for a while, you will return to school on the eve of graduation. In this way, there may be such a situation: First, some students think that the original topic in school is too capitalized, so it is better to change it to a smaller topic, which is easier to grasp. This changes the topic selection combined with practical work and is more practical. At this time, students should take the initiative to get in touch with the instructor and make changes after obtaining the consent of the instructor. As an instructor, if the situation is true, students should be encouraged to write better graduation thesis. For example, a student internship in a foreign-funded enterprise found that doing a good job in attracting investment has a great influence on the development of the enterprise, but there are many problems to be discussed in this work at present. This changed my original topic. This student is not only interested in the new subject, but also collects a lot of relevant information, which is supported by the business owner. Finally, the students' graduation thesis not only gives advice to the business owners, but also is rated as an excellent graduation thesis by the school.

Of course, once students decide on the topic, they generally don't advocate changing it at will without special reasons, because the topic change is too random, the school is not easy to manage, and the instructor can't grasp it. Students themselves may eventually fail to grasp it well and lose the chance of successfully writing a thesis, which is half-hearted, wasting time and finally falling into the last slot. The author advocates choosing small topics on big topics. Therefore, students should choose a larger topic when choosing a topic. On the one hand, it is not easy to limit themselves too much after collecting good information.

4. Make a timetable for the paper.

Arrange the progress of paper writing for about 3 months.

Start writing (end of February)

Complete the first draft (6 weeks)

Tutor review (1 week)

Complete the second draft (3 weeks)

Tutor review (1 week)

Complete the third draft (2 weeks)

Tutor review (1 week)

Finalize (1 week)

The second method of selecting topics for academic paper writing is 1, and the title design of the paper.

Some students take the topic printed by the teacher as the topic, which is simple and convenient. In fact, there is a difference between the title and the topic selection: the title design should be attractive, but the topic selection does not need to consider this aspect. The first impression of the title of the paper should be carefully designed. It's like a man and a woman, so it's very important to dress well and try to give each other a good first impression. The theme of a paper is very important, whether it is interesting for people to read it. Whether the topic is attractive or not affects the tutor's evaluation of students' graduation thesis to some extent.

According to a topic, after the paper is written, there are three kinds of topics:

(1) The title is the title, which is simple and convenient, but it is often unattractive.

(2) The title is too big and the content of the article is too shallow. You can change the title to make the article more relevant. Otherwise, it can only enrich the content and increase the length of the article.

For example, the article "Exploration of Corporate Culture Construction in China" is divided into several stages from the introduction and review of the concept of corporate culture to the summary of the development of corporate culture theory and practice in China, and the characteristics and typical experiences of each stage are discussed, as well as a series of statistical data. The whole article has no opinion on China's corporate culture innovation. Obviously, the article is inconsistent with the topic, and should be changed to "How do China enterprises build their own culture".

(3) After writing a paper around a topic, it is difficult to determine the topic, and then carefully determine the topic after the first draft of the article is completed. Most students usually use such titles as "On …", "Analysis …", "Exploration …" and "Preliminary Exploration …", which are unattractive and appear low-grade and rigid. I suggest using it as little as possible or not.

2. Abstract of the paper

It reflects the outline of the content, is the information material repeatedly spread in the literature retrieval database, and is a relatively independent part. Its writing should be standardized, concise and clear, and can generally express the purpose, content, method, result or conclusion of writing the paper without comments. Don't divide paragraphs, advocate omitting subjects and words in writing, don't use unknown foreign abbreviations, and use popular language. Generally, a paper of 4000 ~ 8000 words has an abstract of 100 words.

3. Keywords

Each paper (between 4000 and 8000 words) has 3-8 keywords; Generally, a paper of about 5000 words has 3-4 keywords. Keywords are generally words that appear repeatedly in the theme or main points of the paper.

4, introduction or introduction (that is, the beginning)

This part is to guide readers to understand the paper, which is very important and must attract the attention of the author.

The introduction, that is, the beginning, can be used directly (straight to the point) and indirectly (citing a case or talking about an event). Generally speaking, it is appropriate for beginners to start writing papers in a direct way. Indirect introduction is difficult to grasp and easy to deviate from the theme. If it is not done well, it will not only fail to achieve the expected effect, but will ruin the whole article. No matter which way you start, the introduction part, that is, the writing at the beginning, should include the following parts:

(1) Why did you choose this topic? What is the significance of studying this problem? Sometimes it is necessary to briefly introduce the research status of predecessors;

(2) What theories and methods are mainly used in this paper (such as investigation and research methods);

(3) Introduce each part of the paper and the main contents of each part, so that readers have an overall impression of the paper;

(4) The contribution of the paper. In other words, what inspiration can you bring to enterprises or people by writing this paper, and what lessons can you learn from it.

Step 5 write the text

The writing of text content and structure shall meet the following three requirements:

(1) The topic is focused and focused.

A paper should focus on the theme and not be scattered, because after all, the space is limited, and the theme should be written deeply and thoroughly within the limited space. Consider what should and should not be posted. For example, the first draft of a paper for the graduating class of higher vocational marketing directed by the author last year has more than 1000 words, which is magnificent. However, the paper has the following problems: it only lists all relevant cases without its own language, and the content is too complicated to highlight the main topics.

At the same time, every part and paragraph of the article should have its own emphasis, and it is not allowed to cross and repeat. Many manuscripts edited by the author have such problems: the language is verbose and the content is repeated between parts and paragraphs.

Generally speaking, don't introduce this common sense. A paper should be less general and focus on the key points of the theme. For example, there is a paper on the institutional innovation of enterprise groups, which includes: what is an enterprise group, what is its function, how to form an enterprise group, and what problems to solve in practice. The topic focuses on the institutional innovation of enterprise groups, but it is not clear how to innovate.

(2) Integrate theory with practice.

Economics papers must integrate theory with practice, and articles using a large number of cases are more vivid and valuable. Pure theoretical economics articles are of little application value unless they are innovative theories and reference books of a certain discipline. For example, a paper entitled "Research on the Strategy of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" talks about the management strategy of small and medium-sized enterprises in general according to western theories, but does not study the present situation of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Such an article has no value at all. It can only modify and enrich the status quo, and it must be a big part of this article.

(3) Smooth thinking and fluent language.

Graduation thesis is not prose, so you can't write whatever you want. The contents of each part of the paper should be logically related and not separated from each other. The basic structure of the text paper is as follows: 1. Asking questions (current situation and existing problems); The second is to analyze the problems (citing a large number of cases to analyze why these problems exist and why); The third is to solve problems (countermeasures and suggestions). For example, the author's provincial project "sustainable development of county industry" has the following structure: 1. Conditions and existing problems of sustainable development of county industry (asking questions); Second, the sustainable development of county industry and the change of county industrial growth mode (the reasons for these problems are related to the extensive management of county industrial growth mode, and many cases are cited for analysis, and it is proposed that changing the growth mode is the way out to ensure the sustainable development of county industry); The third is the strategic conception of developing the sustainable development of county industry (countermeasures and suggestions). The three parts are closely related and discussed around the central topic.

6. Post-theory (end)

Dispensable, depending on the article. This part mainly puts forward the next research direction, or the enlightenment or reference that this article may bring to people. Very simple, just a few lines or sentences. Don't tremble and repeat the content in the article, otherwise it will destroy the integrity of the article. The author finds that many articles don't need an ending at all, and they repeat the content of the article with more than half a page, just to make up the number of words, which destroys the integrity of the article.

7. Reference

Reference is an important basis for judging the value of a paper. Attach the names and dates of periodicals, works, newspapers, electronic documents and other references when writing the paper, so that the writing of the paper can be standardized.

Periodical: author. Title of the article [J]. Title, year, volume (issue): page number.

Works: Author. Title [M]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Start and end page numbers.

Newspaper: the author. Article name [N] Newspaper name, publication date (edition).

Electronic literature: author. Article title [J/OL] or [EB/OL]. Website, date of publication or update.

In addition, when writing a graduation thesis, the serial number of the article is also standardized. For liberal arts, especially economics papers, their basic serial numbers are as follows: 1, 2, 3 …→ (1), (2), (3)→ 1, 2, 3 …→ (1), (2), (. Even if the content of the article lacks hierarchy, it is easier to modify it.

In short, to improve the quality of graduation thesis, we must do two things well: first, follow certain ideas and do a good job in topic selection; The second is to standardize paper writing as required.

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