Britain is located in the British Isles in the northwest of Europe, surrounded by the North Sea, the English Channel, celtic sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. In addition to Britain, it also includes 14 overseas territories [3].
The United Kingdom is formed by the merger of four countries, namely England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales [4]. Britain adopts a parliamentary system, with the seat of government in London, but the other three state administrative agencies are also located in Belfast, Defoe and Edinburgh. Britain is a constitutional monarchy, and the current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II.
The most powerful period in Britain was called the British Empire, which reached its peak in 1922, with a quarter of the world's land. It is the largest empire in the world. Britain continues to retain great influence on its former colony in language, culture and politics, while Queen Elizabeth II is still the head of the Commonwealth organization and the head of other Commonwealth countries in 15.
Britain is a developed country, one of the six largest economies in the world, and the first industrialized country [5]. It was the most powerful country in the world in the 9th century and the early 20th century [6], but after two world wars and the collapse of the British Empire in the 20th century, Britain has lost its leading position in international affairs. However, Britain is still an economic, cultural and military power with great influence in the world.
Britain was the main victorious country that possessed nuclear weapons in the First and Second World Wars, and also the country with the second or third military expenditure. It was a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and had veto power over bills. Britain was also a member of the European Union, a member of NATO and one of the founding members of the Group of Eight. It is also a member of a series of international organizations such as OECD and WTO.