Classic books of Chinese studies:
Thirteen Confucian Classics [i.e.
Book of Songs of Zhouyi Shangshu Zhou Li Li Ji Zuo Zhuan Ram Gu Liang Zhuan Analects of Confucius Xiao Jing Er Ya Mencius Li Yi
other
Notes on Four Books and Chapters, New Edition of Zheng Yijing, Dai, Biography of Korean Poetry.
Yi Wei is also a similar plan. The preface to Yi Yiyuan notes that The Doctrine of the Mean is easy to understand.
Dongpo Yi Chuan Zhouyi Yi Yi Xue Book of Songs Shangshu Yi Chuan
A Textual Research on the Courtesy of Yitai Spring in Han Poems and Mao Poems
Li Ji Judicial Zhu Shu Chun Qiu Zuo Chuan Judicial University
The Spring and Autumn Valley Liang Chuan Xiao Shu Jing Chuan Shu Chunqiu Ram Chuan Shu Zhou Yi Tong Qi University Notes
Mencius' Notes on the Doctrine of the Mean and the Analects of Confucius' Notes on Mencius' Meaning.
The Analects of Confucius notes Mencius and notes Erya.
History, as the second of the four books in China ancient library.
Twenty-five histories
Historical Records Song Liangshu Shu Wei Chen Shu Shu
Heather North City South Shu Qi North Shu Qi Zhou Shu
Post-Han Shu Three Kingdoms Jin Shu Sui Shu
Old Tang Book, New Tang Book, Old Five Dynasties History, New Five Dynasties History, Song History
Draft of Liao history, Jin history, Yuan history, Ming history and Qing history
other
Zi Tongzhi Jian Xuzi Tongzhi Tang Jian Cai Zichuan Guan Zhen statesman Yi Zhou Shu
Biography of ancient women, Xu Xiake's travels, the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty, four-year-old Jingchu Warring States Policy.
Han Dynasty before Han Dynasty after Huayang National Records Dongguan Hanji Tongdian
On Tang Yao Hui's Tang Law: Yue Yue Spring and Autumn Period; Castanopsis fissa in Luoyang, Galand.
Jiang Biao's "Jiangnan unofficial history Five Dynasties History Story Nakano Ji" before Han Dynasty.
The History of wuyue, Kyushu, Chunqiu and Yue Yue Newly Recorded in the South of the Three Chu Rivers.
The Story of the East View, the Tale of the Northern Game, the Chronicle of Bamboo Books, the History of the Five Dynasties, and the Official Advice.
Daikin Diaolu and Logging Lu: Historical Biography of Mohan Forest in Song Dynasty
Li Xiangguo's event collection, Song Chishan's record of pulling the earth, Jingchu's age, and Beiqu.
Yueyang local customs, male, laughing, Wuzhong water conservancy book, Sui Lipu, Wu Diqi.
Lu Xiaoling, Nanyue, Pingjiang Chronicle, recorded different land records in Tokyo and Hua Meng.
Brief introduction of Buli, Traveling to the South of the City, Three Mountains, Guilin local customs and North Korea Fu.
Ji Sheng, Gui,, the capital of Southern Song Dynasty, Luoyang Garden: A Record of Southern Plant Buddhism.
Textual research on the historical facts of the Song Dynasty in the story of catching locusts: the history of chores in the Three Kingdoms in the Qing Dynasty
philosophical work
Military books
Seven Books of Jason Wu
Sun Tzu's Art of War, Woods' Art of War, Liu Tao, Sima Fa
Sanlve, Wei Liaozi and Tang Wenlidui
Other military books
Sun Bin's Sun Tzu's Art of War, invincible, clever classics, actual combat discipline in training, Jiang Yuan, on the compilation of Doctor He.
Thirty-six strategies, guarding the city, Sun Tzu's brief explanation, Gan Kun's brief explanation, and Mozi's notes on guarding the city.
Military system, Yin Fu Jing, Taibai Silent, Military system of past dynasties, Su Shu, Beilun
Other branches
Mozi Liezi Zhuangzi Xunzi
Shen Jianshuo and Yuan Xinyu discuss the balance.
Deng Zi in Tea Classic and Chess Classic
A preliminary record of the latent husband theory of the characters in Gelu
Wang Shouren's Complete Works of Peony in Luoyang has 42 chapters, which are collated by the theory of balance.
Meng Qian Bi Tan Tai Ping Guang Ji Confucius' Family Language Han Feizi
Guiguzi's Return to the Field: Tang Xinyu Gongsun Zilong
Notes on the Book of Changes, Magic and Shan Hai Jing
A collection of arts and literature, Mu Chuan Tang poetry, Yan Jiaxun.
Records of ancient paintings about salt and iron; Collection and Publicity of Biographies of Monks in Song Dynasty
Lao Zi's Tao Te Ching, Hong Mingji's Xuan Shi's Indifferent Reading Miscellanies
A Brief Comment on Nine Chapters of Lu Chunqiu's Arithmetic
Notes on Treatise on Febrile Diseases in Huangdi Neijing Lingshu Jing
It is difficult to understand the original meaning of Shennong's materia medica, and Confucius holds the inner chapter of Puzi.
Law, speech, righteousness, vulgarity, common sense I, Guan Zi, Qi Yaomin's book
Qian Fu's Theory of Fan Zi and Ji Ran's Miscellanies of Xijing Yanzi in the Spring and Autumn Period
Lin Zhi's theory of mountain residence in Zhou Pi Jing.
Three Views on Books of Sima Fa Wen Yi Group, the son of Wei Liaozi in Qianshan.
Sun Tzu's Art of War: Solution to Water Strategy
Notes on Wang Huai's Tomb, Wen Yi's Tomb in Tamia Liu, Tamia Liu and Laozi's Bamboo Slips in Tamia Liu.
Fan Li's Collection of the Art of War > >
Question 2: What is Sinology? It is an inherent knowledge of a country. Traditional Chinese studies and literary mathematics have different meanings, and they are not national studies. Generally speaking, Sinology refers to the traditional culture and scholarship of China with Confucianism as the main body. Sinology is the traditional culture and knowledge of China, including medicine, drama, calligraphy and painting, astrology, mathematics and so on. Chinese studies should be divided into philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, edition and so on. , with Confucian philosophy as the mainstream; In terms of ideological system, it should be divided into three schools: pre-Qin philosophers, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. As far as Sikuquanshu is concerned, Chinese studies should be divided into four parts, namely classics, history, scholars and books collection. As far as the lectures on Chinese studies by Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies, are concerned, they should be divided into primary schools, classics, history, philosophers and literature.
Question 3: What is a classic? What books do the classics of Chinese studies include? Classics: Ci Yuan interprets classics as "classic masterpieces";
Modern Chinese Dictionary interprets classics as "authoritative works";
Mr. nan huaijin, a famous master of Chinese studies, believes that "classics are the crystallization of knowledge of humanities and natural sciences";
Dr. Wang Caigui, a global classic education expert, believes that "classics are the most valuable and useful knowledge of human society";
Professor Peking University Wang believes that "classics are the essence of human civilization and the wealth of all mankind";
The article in People's Daily said, "Classics are cultural products washed away by time and precipitated by history."
Through the definition and enlightenment of the above-mentioned famous artists, we can understand that classics are original classics that are deeply rooted in people's hearts, have far-reaching influence, never depreciate and are immortal for thousands of years, and are excellent cultural products and cultural essence of the Chinese nation.
China Cultural Classics (Classics of Chinese Studies);
China cultural classics are the best, most essential and most valuable examples of China culture.
Classical education of Chinese studies (referred to as classic education of Chinese studies, classic education and classic reading education);
The education of Chinese cultural classics is an educational activity to read Chinese classic poems purposefully, planned and organized. Simply put, it is to educate students about the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Some people call it an educational activity of the Chinese cultural fault reconstruction project. This educational activity is an important supplement to the current school education, an important part of the overall implementation of quality education, an important form of learning Chinese culture, publicizing Chinese culture and carrying forward Chinese culture, and an important strategic measure to inherit Chinese civilization, enhance humanistic quality and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The essence of China's classics can enrich our spiritual world, enhance the cohesion of the nation, coordinate the relationship between man and nature, and encourage people to use their own technology to benefit mankind. This is the useless theory of Chinese studies and the useless theory of humanities.
Chinese studies should be divided into philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, edition and so on. , with Confucian philosophy as the mainstream; Ideologically, it should be divided into three schools: pre-Qin philosophers, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Confucianism runs through and dominates the history of China's thoughts, and everything else is subordinate. Sinology is divided into four parts: classics, history, philosophy and history, but the classics and philosophers are the main ones, especially the classics. It is divided into primary school, Confucian classics, history, philosopher and literature by Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies.
Sikuquanshu is the largest official revision in ancient China and the largest series in ancient China.
According to Wen Jin Ge Ji, the book contains 3450 kinds of classics, history and subset books, with 79072 volumes and more than 36000 volumes).
Classics: University, Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Yili, Zhouyi, Zuozhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, Erya and Xiaojing.
History: Classic of Mountains and Seas, Biography of Mu, Mandarin, Warring States Policy, Historical Records, Zhu, Luoyang Ji, Zhenguan dignitaries, Shi Tong, Literature and History.
Zi: Laozi, Zhuangzi, Gongsun, Han Feizi, Huai Nanzi, Liezi, Mozi, Xunzi, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Lu Chunqiu, Yin Wenzi, New Books, Fa Yan, Gui Guzi, Yan Jiaxun, Jiu Zhang Arithmetic, Jin Si Lu, Jing, Zhouyi Shentongqi, Huangdi Neijing and Huangdi Waijing. Stories of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, You Xian Dong, The Journey to the West, Water Margin, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, A Dream of Red Mansions and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: Chu Ci, literary deeds of the Six Dynasties, 300 Tang poems, wonderful words, ancient China literature, literary mind carving dragons, poems, 24 poems, 61 poems, human poems and The West Chamber.
Question 4: What is Chinese Studies? Generally speaking, Sinology refers to the traditional culture and scholarship of China with Confucianism as the main body. Since Sinology is a traditional culture and academic in China, it undoubtedly includes medicine, drama, calligraphy and painting, astrology, mathematics, etc. It certainly belongs to the category of Sinology, but it can also be said to be an extension of Sinology.
Sinology originally refers to national universities, such as imperial academy and imperial academy. Sinology refers to the theory of learning, which originated from the historical period of western learning spreading to the east and cultural transformation. It rose in the early 20th century and flourished in1920s. In Chinese mainland, after the Cultural Revolution, the freedom of thought and learning gradually recovered, and the academic space of China traditional culture gradually expanded. Since 1980s, "Chinese studies" have been revived.
The theory of Chinese studies originated in the historical period of western learning spreading eastward and cultural transformation. Strictly speaking, the academic circles have not given us a unified and clear definition of Chinese studies so far. Famous experts have different opinions, but they can't agree. Generally speaking, Deng Shi, the quintessence of Chinese culture, wrote in 1906: What is Chinese studies? A country's learning is also. Life with land is on it, because there is a country, and people with a country have their own knowledge. People who study, learn the knowledge of a country, think it is useful for the country and govern it. Lecture on Chinese Studies, Chinese Cooking Magazine. 19) Mr. Deng's concept of Chinese studies is very broad, but he mainly emphasizes the practicality of Chinese studies.
Chinese studies should be divided into philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, edition and so on. , with Confucian philosophy as the mainstream; Ideologically, it should be divided into three schools: pre-Qin philosophers, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Confucianism runs through and dominates the history of China's thoughts, and everything else is subordinate. Sinology is divided into four parts: classics, history, philosophy and history, but the classics and philosophers are the main ones, especially the classics. It is divided into primary school, Confucian classics, history, philosopher and literature by Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies.
Zhang Taiyan said in Introduction to Chinese Studies: The noumenon of Chinese Studies is classic non-myth, classic non-religion and historical non-fiction; The method of governing the country, distinguishing the authenticity of ministers, knowing primary schools, knowing geography, knowing the changes of human feelings in ancient and modern times, and distinguishing documents.
Deng Shi, the quintessence of Chinese culture, said, "What are the scholars in China? A country's learning is also. Life with land is on it, because there is a country, and people with a country have their own knowledge. Those who learn, learn from a country, think that the country is used, and rule a country. " (Lectures on Chinese Studies, China Cooking Magazine,No. 19)
Question 5: What are the classics of Chinese studies?
university
One of the four books, the outline of the Confucian theory of "nourishing qi and calming the world"
doctrine of the mean
One of the four books, the philosophy of life advocated by Confucianism.
The Analects of Confucius
One of the four books, a collection of Confucius' speeches, the founder of Confucianism.
Mencius
One of the four books, a Confucian classic famous for its "theory of good nature".
The Book of Songs
One of the Five Classics, China's first collection of poems.
minister
One of the Five Classics, the first written history book in China.
Erie
One of the Five Classics, China's first book on etiquette system.
Zhouyi
One of the Five Classics, China's first original philosophical work.
Zuozhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period
One of the Five Classics, the earliest chronological history book in China.
graceful
China's first encyclopedia dictionary.
The Classic of Filial Piety
The Theoretical Basis of China's Filial Piety in Governing the Country.
History, as the second of the four books in China ancient library.
The Classic of Mountains and Seas
Warring States period? anonymous
China's oldest geographical works, the oldest natural history books and the oldest fairy tales.
Mu chuan
Warring States period? anonymous
China's earliest travels.
national language
Warring States period? anonymous
The earliest national history of China.
Warring States policy
Western Han Dynasty? Liujixiang road
The strategical book of the counselor's lobbying and debate in the Warring States period.
Schich
Han? Sima Qian
China's first biographical general history is a pioneering work of biographical history and biographical literature.
Water mirror notes
Northern Wei Dynasty? Li daoyuan
China's most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive geography works before the 6th century.
Luoyang Galand Ji
Hou Wei? Yang xuanzhi
The model of the temple tower in the existing literature and history classics.
Zhenguan dignitary
Don? Wu Jing
The monograph of ancient imperial rule is the standard of later rulers.
(Czech) Stalne; Stalne (Sweden); (British) Si Tong
Don? Liu Zhiji
The first monograph on historical criticism in the history of China.
General meaning of literature and history
Qing? Zhang Xuecheng
It is the representative of China's ancient historiography theory.
Bibliographic question and answer
Qing? Zhangzhidong
Must-read bibliography to guide the way of reading, Jiahui generation learning forest.
philosophical work
Laozi
Spring and autumn? Li Er
"The best book of Taoism." (Liang Qichao)
Zhuangzi
Warring States period? zhuangzhou
The most colorful philosophical works in pre-Qin period.
Liezi
Warring States period? Lieyukou
As the saying goes, what people have not said, "I am angry and I am curious" ("Wen Xin Diao Long")
Han Fei
Warring States period? Han Fei
Works of Legalists in the Warring States Period
Huainanzi
Western Han Dynasty? Liu an
The representative work of Neo-Taoism in the early Han Dynasty.
Gongsunlongzi
Warring States period? Gongsunlong
The masterpieces of famous artists during the Warring States Period created the earliest logic in China.
Mozi
Warring States period? Modi
The representative works of Mohism in the Warring States Period.
xunzi
Warring States period? Xun Kuang
A masterpiece of pre-Qin Confucianism.
the art of war
Spring and autumn? Kurt Sun
The earliest existing military books in China are also the earliest military works in the world.
Shi LV chun Qiu
Warring States period? lv buwei
Synthesize a hundred schools and construct a unified theory. A masterpiece of essays.
Yin wenzi
Warring States period? Yin Wen
The originator of the Song Yin school, Yin's literary monograph "Spells and Names".
new book
Western Han Dynasty? Jia yi
Lu Xun is an outstanding collection of political essays in the Han Dynasty, and is known as the "Great Prose of the Western Han Dynasty".
mind which perceives both the past and future
Western Han Dynasty? Yang Xiong
The first monograph criticizing Confucianism.
Guiguzi
The ancestors of military strategists are the magic weapon of military strategists.
Yanshi family instructions
Beiqi? yan zhitui
Ancient and modern family precepts are based on this.
Su Wen in Huangdi Neijing
The earliest systematic and complete medical classics in China.
Nine chapters of mathematical art
China's first important mathematical monograph.
Jin Lu Si
Song? Chu Hsi
Introduction to Neo-Confucianism contains all the essence of Zhu's thought.
scenery
According to legend, Su Qin's book became the phase of the six countries (The Warring States Policy).
Zhouyi Shentongqi
Han? Wei Boyang
The earliest works about the principle of alchemy are called "the eternal king of alchemy".
Huang Ting Neijing
The basic theory and method of Taoist internal cultivation is called "the wonderful book of longevity".
Exterior location of Huang Ting
Taiwanese businessmen's induction articles
Song? Li Changling's notes.
A book of good advice widely circulated among the people.
Diamond Sutra
After Qin? Translated by Kumarajiva
The fundamental classic of Mahayana Buddhism, "the king of classics".
Chapter 42 Classic masterpieces
The first Buddhist classic introduced into China from India.
Heart meridian of hand shaoyin
Don? Xuanzang's Translation
The core classics of Prajna Sutra.
Six ancestors altar sutra
Don? Shi Huineng
The most important book of Zen Buddhism, the master of Buddhism in China.
Tea Classics
Don? Lu Yu
China's first book about tea.
Yuefu ... >>
Question 6: There are many controversies about the contents of China's traditional studies. Sinology generally refers to the inherent knowledge of our country and the classic interpretation handed down from generation to generation. For example, some people think that the three-character classics are Chinese studies, while others think that they are just children's enlightenment books, not a science, and there is nothing to study ~
Usually, the contents of Chinese studies are arranged according to the style of Sikuquanshu, including classics, history, zi and Ji. I don't need to introduce the details of these four parts in detail ~
Question 7: What are the aspects of Chinese studies? Sinology covers a wide range, mainly studying China's ancient philosophy, history of thought, language, literature, historical records, science and technology, catalogue versions, etc. Modern famous sinologists include Zhang Taiyan, Liu, Liang Qichao, Wang Guowei, Luo Zhenyu, Hu Shi, Chen, Huang Jigang, Wen Yiduo, Tang, Gu Jiegang, etc.
Question 8: What is Sinology? Sinology can be translated as "Guo Xue" and "en: Sinology" (meaning China Studies or Sinology). In a narrow sense, Sinology refers to China's traditional culture and scholarship with Confucianism as the main body. Nowadays, the traditional Chinese studies generally refer to a unique and complete cultural and academic system based on pre-Qin classics and hundred schools of thought, including Confucian classics in Han Dynasty, metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, Han Fu in the same period, parallel prose in Six Dynasties, poems in Tang and Song Dynasties, Yuan Qu and novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and historiography of past dynasties. Therefore, in a broad sense, China's ancient and modern culture and scholarship include history, thought, philosophy, geography, politics, economy, calligraphy and painting, music, astrology, medicine, astrology, architecture and so on. They are all involved in Chinese studies.
history
Sinology originally refers to national universities, such as imperial academy and imperial academy. Sinology refers to the theory of learning, which originated from the historical period of western learning spreading to the east and cultural transformation in the late Qing Dynasty. Originally called "middle school", it was later renamed "Chinese studies". It rose at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, and flourished at 1920s. In Chinese mainland, after the Cultural Revolution, the freedom of thought and learning gradually recovered, and the academic panic about China's traditional culture gradually expanded. 1After the 1980s, "Sinology" has been revived to this day.
Under the influence of western learning in the twentieth century, the development of Chinese studies has obviously been greatly impacted. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the idea of "learning from the middle school as the body, learning from the west as the application" and "practical learning" rose, and the word Sinology was put forward because of western learning. Sinology is regarded as "the soul of China" by traditional scholars in China. After the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the founding of the Republic of China, various new western thoughts were introduced into China. Under the influence of the New Culture Movement and the May 4th Movement, the whole Westernization School despised it as "the quintessence of Chinese culture", so many middle schools called it "the quintessence of Chinese culture", and those who maintained traditional culture called it "the quintessence of Chinese culture". Xue Heng School prospers the quintessence of Chinese culture, but it often doesn't pretend to be Chinese studies. In recent years, with the political, economic, cultural and ideological changes in China, the value of China's traditional culture and thoughts has been recognized and recognized by more and more people, and the development of Chinese studies has begun to revive.
Meaning and classification
"History and Geography Magazine" explains Sinology: "The name of Sinology is hard to define. In the world, that is, China studies. The analysis shows that China's original scholarship could have been transferred to various disciplines. " . According to disciplines, it should be divided into philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, edition and so on. Confucianism is the mainstream of philosophy, including Taoism and Buddhism. As far as the ideological system is concerned, it should be divided into three schools: pre-Qin philosophers, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Confucianism runs through and dominates the history of China's thoughts, and everything else is subordinate.
Sinology is divided into four parts: classics, history, philosophy and history, but the classics and philosophers are the main ones, especially the classics. Although Buddhism in China has absorbed a lot of Confucian and Taoist cultures, it is not native to China, so it is controversial whether it can be classified as Chinese studies. According to Zhang Taiyan's lecture notes on Chinese studies, Chinese studies are divided into primary schools, Confucian classics, history, philosophers and literature. Zhang Taiyan said in Introduction to Chinese Studies: The noumenon of Chinese Studies is classic non-myth, classic non-religion and historical non-fiction; The method of governing the country is to distinguish the authenticity of secretaries, to know primary schools, to know geography, to know the changes of human feelings in ancient and modern times, and to use literary talents. In Gu's Speech on the Series of Sinology, Sinology is divided into six categories: primary school, Confucian classics, history, philosophers, Buddhist scriptures and poetry.
Deng Shi, the quintessence of Chinese culture, said, "What about the scholars in China? A country's learning is also. Life with land is on it, because there is a country, and people with a country have their own knowledge. Those who learn, learn from a country, think that they are useful to the country and govern a country. " (Lecture on Chinese Studies, Journal of Chinese CuisineNo. 19)
Qian Mu once commented on the word "Chinese studies": "Academics have no borders. A "national study", whether in the past or in the future. This is a term of the times. " ("Introduction to Chinese Studies? Yan Yan, Beijing: Commercial Press, 1997)
Liu Yimou believes that all China's knowledge originated from China culture, regardless of ancient and modern times, belongs to Chinese studies: "To define Chinese studies, it must not be Buddhism and Westernization ... It must be made clear from ancient sages who have never been influenced by Buddhism and Westernization, including later Sinology, Song Studies, and the politics, economy, finance, society and education of this world." "(Definition of Chinese Studies) Liu Yimou also advocated that" it is advisable to talk about history first, then talk about Chinese studies ".
Contemporary Sinology takes China's inherent knowledge and traditional culture as its core, covering a wide range of fields.