Materials and writing methods of medical papers

Date of publication: July 8, 2009 at 8: 26: 19 Visits: 1 18 Source: recommended by China Innovation Medical Network.

Materials and methods mainly explain the research materials, methods and basic processes, and answer the question of "how to do it", which plays a connecting role. Material is the material basis for expressing the research theme, and method refers to the means to complete the research theme. Materials and methods are the basis of scientific papers and the main basis for judging the scientificity and advancement of papers. It can make readers understand the reliability of research and provide information for others to repeat research.

The titles of data and methods are slightly different due to different types of research. Investigation and research are often changed to "objects and methods", while clinical trials use "cases and methods". The materials and methods of different types of research are not exactly the same.

Experimental research should explain the experimental conditions and methods;

① Experimental conditions include source, strain, sex, age, weight, health status, selection criteria, grouping method, anesthesia and surgical methods, specimen preparation process, experimental environment and feeding conditions.

(2) The experimental methods include the instruments and equipment, specifications, reagents and operation methods.

(3) If the reagent is a conventional reagent, the name, manufacturer, specification and batch number may be indicated; If it is a new reagent, the molecular formula and structural formula should also be written; If preparation is needed, the formula and preparation method should be explained.

(4) If the operation method is used by predecessors and widely known, just name it; If it is a relatively new method, it is necessary to explain the source and provide reference; If the method is improved, the basis and content of the modification shall be explained; For innovative methods, we should be careful not to mix the introduction of new methods with the new problems studied by this method in one paper. If the paper reports a new method, it is necessary to introduce the specific steps of reagent configuration and operation in detail so that others can learn and popularize it.

The object of clinical research is the patient, and it is necessary to explain whether it is from the inpatient or outpatient department. At the same time, we must briefly explain the number of cases, gender, age, occupation, etiology, course of disease, pathological diagnosis basis, grouping standards, diagnosis and classification standards of diseases, judgment basis of illness and curative effect, observation methods and indicators.

The above contents can be selected and explained according to the specific conditions of the study, with emphasis on:

(1) For papers studying new diagnostic methods, we should pay attention to whether the research objects include various patients (severity of illness, presence or absence of complications, diagnosis and treatment process, etc.). ), the source of subjects and controls (for example, the prevalence and treatment rate of a certain disease may be different in different levels of hospitals), how to specify normal values, how to diagnose methods, and so on.

(2) The research papers on the clinical course and prognosis of the disease should pay attention to the course of the patient's treatment, the referral of the patient, and whether objective standards for observing the disease results have been formulated.

③ Etiology research papers should explain research design methods (such as clinical randomized trials and cohort studies). ) and whether dose effect observation should be carried out.

(4) Clinical observation and research, mainly explaining the case selection criteria and general information of cases (such as age, gender, severity of illness, etc.). ), grouping principle and sample distribution method (matching, compatibility or completely random), curative effect observation index and curative effect standard.

⑤ If the treatment method is surgery, the name, mode and anesthesia method of surgery should be indicated; In the case of drug treatment, it should also indicate the name of the drug (generally using scientific name instead of trade name), source (including batch number), dosage, route and method of administration, course of treatment, origin and preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine.

In the materials and methods, it should also briefly explain what statistical processing methods and significance standards are used under what conditions, and if necessary, explain the calculation means and software name.