1. Title;

2. Central idea;

3. Content points and writing order (paragraphs, organization);

4. Detail writing and sketching skills.

Outline can make the center clear, coherent, coherent and focused.

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The following are the details about the outline:

First, the significance of writing an outline

In the process of writing graduation thesis, tutors usually ask students to write an outline, which is a necessary preparation for the author before writing. As far as the outline itself is concerned, it is the concrete embodiment of the author's conception and writing. The so-called conception and writing is to organize the design of the text structure of graduation thesis, because the writing of graduation thesis is not like writing a short poem, a short essay or a reading note, and it is easy to express an idea and a feeling with a single material and a few sentences. Instead, we should use a lot of materials, more levels and strict reasoning to discuss from all aspects, explain the reasons and demonstrate our own views. Therefore, it is very important to conceive and plan an article. You must prepare a writing outline, arrange materials and demonstrate in an orderly manner. With a good outline, we can grasp the basic skeleton of the whole paper and make the structure of the paper complete. We can distinguish levels, clarify key points, carefully plan the layout of articles, and organically unify general arguments and sub-arguments; You can also arrange, organize and use materials according to the requirements of each part, and decide whether to choose or not to give full play to the role of materials. Some students are unwilling to write an outline, preferring to write the first draft directly. If they haven't thought about the outline of the full text in their minds, and if their minds are still confused about the arguments, arguments and demonstration steps of the full text, it is very necessary and beneficial to write an outline, which has at least the following three advantages:

First, it can reflect the author's overall thinking. Outline is a logical diagram composed of sequence codes and words, and it is a design drawing to help the author consider the logic of the whole article. Its advantage is that it is convenient for the author to grasp the overall structure of the paper, with clear hierarchy, clear focus, conciseness and clarity.

Second, it is conducive to the coherence of the paper. With the outline, we can establish the concept of the whole. From the perspective of the whole, we can test whether each part occupies a position, plays a role, has a logical connection with each other, whether the space occupied by each part is commensurate with its position and role in the overall situation, whether the proportion between each part is appropriate and harmonious, and whether every word, sentence, paragraph and part is needed by the overall situation. As an integral part of the whole, it can serve the development of the topic. After such thinking and writing, the structure of the paper can be unified and complete, and it can serve the expression of the content of the paper well.

Third, it is conducive to timely adjustment and avoid major rework. In the research and writing process of graduation thesis, the author's thinking activity is very active. Some obscure materials, seemingly irrelevant materials, often produce new associations or new ideas after familiarity and reflection. If you don't write an outline carefully, you will be disturbed by this phenomenon and have to stop to rethink or even overturn what you have written. This not only increases the workload, but also greatly affects the writing mood. The outline of graduation thesis is like the blueprint of the project. As long as you carefully consider the outline before you start writing and spend more time and energy to make it solid, you can form a clear and logical paper framework, thus avoiding a lot of unnecessary rework. In addition, it is easier for students who have just started writing papers to write their own ideas as an outline before consulting others.

Second, the steps of writing an outline

The steps to write an outline are as follows:

(1) Determine the abstract of the paper, and then supplement the materials to form a summary of the full text. Abstract is the prototype of the content outline. General books and teaching reference books have abstracts reflecting the contents of books, so that readers can know the general contents of books as soon as they turn over the abstracts. We also need to write an abstract of the paper first. Before writing, list the title, headline and subtitle of the paper, and then insert the selected materials to form a summary of the paper.

(2) The distribution of pages of the original paper

After writing the abstract of graduation thesis, we should consider the length of the thesis and how many words should be written in each part of the thesis. For example, we plan to write a paper with 20 pages of manuscript paper (300 words per page). We can consider using 1 page as the preface, 17 page as the paper, and 1-2 page as the conclusion. Papers will be sent again, such as this one. The third item is 3-4 pages and the fourth item is 6-7 pages. With this distribution, it is convenient to equip and arrange materials, and writing can be more planned. The length of graduation thesis is generally 5000-6000 words, because it is too short, it is difficult to tell the problem thoroughly, and it should not be too long as a graduation thesis, which is determined by the theoretical basis and practical experience of ordinary college and undergraduate students.

(3) Write an outline

Thesis outline can be divided into simple outline and detailed outline. A simple outline is highly generalized, only indicating the main points of the paper, and how to develop it is not involved. Although this outline is simple, it can be written smoothly because it is composed of careful consideration. Without this preparation, it is difficult to think and write at the same time. Taking "Thoughts on Cultivating and Perfecting the Construction Labor Market" as an example, a simple outline can be written as follows:

I. Introduction

Second, this theory

(A) the prerequisite for cultivating the construction labor market

(B) the basic situation of the current construction labor market

(C) countermeasures to cultivate and improve the construction labor market

Three. conclusion

A detailed outline is a detailed list of the main arguments and the expansion part of the paper. If you prepare a detailed outline before writing, you will write more smoothly. The following is still taking "Thoughts on Cultivating and Perfecting the Construction Labor Market" as an example to introduce the writing of the detailed outline:

I. Introduction

1. Put forward the central topic;

2. Explain the writing intention.

Second, this theory

(A) the prerequisite for cultivating the construction labor market

1. The establishment of the market economic system has created a macro environment for the emergence of the construction labor market;

2. The formation of construction product market puts forward realistic requirements for the cultivation of construction labor market;

3. The deepening of urban and rural system reform provides a reliable guarantee for the formation of the construction labor market;

4. The establishment of the construction labor market is the inherent requirement of the employment particularity of the construction industry.

(B) the basic situation of the current construction labor market

1. A buyer's market where supply exceeds demand;

2. An invisible market with a market and no market;

3. It is easy to enter the deformed market that is difficult to exit;

4. Spontaneous market of disorderly trading.

(C) countermeasures to cultivate and improve the construction labor market

1. unify thinking and understanding, and change spontaneous trading into conscious supervision;

2. Accelerate the establishment of rules and regulations, and change disorderly transactions into standardized transactions;

3. Improve the market network and change intangible transactions into tangible transactions;

4. Adjust the management structure and change personal flow into team flow;

5. Deepen employment reform and change one-way flow into two-way flow.

Three. conclusion

1, outlining the current market situation of construction services and our tasks;

2. Echo the opening preface.

The simple outline and detailed outline mentioned above are the skeleton and main points of the paper. Which one to choose depends on the author's needs. If the investigation is thorough and detailed, it is not a problem to use a simple outline. However, if you are ill-considered and ill-investigated, you must use a detailed outline. Otherwise, it is difficult to write a qualified graduation thesis. In a word, it will be much more convenient to write an outline before you start writing your graduation thesis.

Third, the drafting of graduation thesis outline

How to draw up the outline of graduation thesis? First of all, we should grasp the principle of writing the outline of graduation thesis, and therefore we should master the following four aspects:

(A) to have a global concept, from the overall point of view to check the status and role of each part in the paper. See if the proportion of each part is appropriate, the length of each part is appropriate, and whether each part can be used.

Whether to serve the central argument. For example, there is a paper on the dialectical unity of deepening reform and stability in enterprises. Taking an enterprise in XX City, Zhejiang Province as an example, the author said that as long as cadres set an example in the reform and share joys and sorrows with employees, most employees can understand. From the overall concept, we can find that only how to reform the enterprise can it be stable, not how to improve the economic benefits of the enterprise and its employees by deepening the reform and transforming the enterprise management mechanism.

(2) From the central point of view, decide the choice of materials, and abandon materials that have nothing to do with the theme or have little to do with it without regret, although these materials have been collected through a lot of hard work. If you lose something, you can gain something. If a piece of wool is precious, you can't cut it, so you can't sew clothes that suit you. In order to make ready-made clothes, you must cut off unnecessary parts. Therefore, we must always remember that materials are only used to form the arguments of our own papers.

(3) To consider the logical relationship between the parts. The common problem of novice writing papers is that arguments and arguments are not necessarily related, and some are limited to repeatedly expounding arguments without practical and powerful arguments; Some materials are many and the arguments are not clear; Some parts do not form an organic logical relationship, so this graduation thesis can not meet the requirements and is not convincing. To be convincing, there must be virtual reality, arguments and examples, the combination of theory and practice, and strict logic in the demonstration process. We should pay special attention to this point and check it when drafting the outline.