1, chapter settings (title)
2. Style setting
3. Automatic generation of directory
4. Settings of section (paging) and header and footer
5. Insert titles and cross-references of charts, tables and formulas, and use automatic numbering.
The following article takes the editing process of this article as an example to explain, while editing and explaining.
Note that the Word used in this article is version 20 19. Other versions of Word may have slightly different menus or options, but it should not affect them. Look at the menu carefully and you will find the corresponding content.
Hou Jie's typesetting art is highly recommended. Although this book is aimed at the 2003 version of Word, personally, the content it tells is the same as that of the current version of Word (many menus have been rearranged by Microsoft after the 2007 version and need to be searched carefully) [1]. But in any case, no matter what you do, as long as you use Microsoft Word, I suggest you buy one (at least one) and keep it at hand. Although this book seems to be out of print, I hope it can be reprinted or a new version will appear.
Microsoft's Office suite is more powerful than you think. Study hard and make good use of it. Others are strong for a reason. The so-called overtaking in corners really doesn't exist. Only by making solid preparations can we cope with the future!
This chapter describes how to set chapters and numbers through titles.
Enter the text to be set as a chapter, as shown in this chapter/section: Enter "Chapter (Title) Setting" and "Set Title". Then look at the Start menu of Word, and you can see various default style options as shown in figure 1.
Next, you need to set the titles of chapters and sections to title 1 and title 2 respectively in the style. The specific operation is to select the corresponding text, and then click the title 1 in the menu according to the fact that the text should be a chapter title (first-level title). If it is a section (second-level title), select title 2; if it is a section (third-level title), select title 3, and other categories in turn. After the above settings, the chapter title setting is shown in Figure 2.
After setting the title, you will find that there is no number, so add the number below. Select the set chapter title first, then click the drop-down arrow next to the multilevel list in the start menu, and select the corresponding item in the list library in the pop-up selection menu (yellow highlighter mark, which can also be defined according to your own needs), as shown in Figure 3. After setting the numbering, you will find that the titles of different levels selected before are numbered, as shown in Figure 4.
Note: If you find that the new numbering starts with 1 in subsequent chapter settings, you can modify it by clicking AutoCorrect Option (with lightning symbol) and selecting Continue numbering (see Figure 5).
Or format directly through the format brush. "Format Brush" is a "small brush" under the Start menu. You can select the set text (called "brushed text" here). After clicking on the format brush, you will find that the mouse has become a brush shape. Select other text you want to set at this time, and you will find that the newly selected text has been set to the same format as "brush text".
Although the chapter number is set, the default title font and line spacing do not meet the requirements. Of course, you can also set the font and line spacing manually, and then format the subsequent titles with a format brush. This is entirely possible, but why not use styles to achieve it? Then the next chapter tells and demonstrates how to format the whole document by setting styles.
This chapter tells how to set the style of each article by setting the style. First of all, suppose that the requirements shown in table 1 in the paper writing specification are as follows:
First, set the title style 1. Right-click the title 1 in the start menu to pop up the corresponding menu, and click Modify to pop up the Modify Style dialog box, as shown in Figure 6. After that, you can set various styles in this modification dialog box.
According to the requirements in the writing specification, set the corresponding text format: font = bold, font size = small two. Then select a paragraph in the format menu, and set double spacing and centering after the paragraph. Undergraduate graduation thesis is required to be printed on one side with the same header, and each chapter only needs to start a new page, so you can select "Page before paragraph" in the tab of "Line Break and Page Break" to start a new page for each chapter. However, if it is a graduation thesis, it can't be realized only by pagination because it needs the difference between even pages and odd pages (the number of pages is different), and it needs to be realized in stages, as will be mentioned later (see Figure 7).
After this setting, it has been found that the original chapters 1 and 2 have started from a new page, as shown in Figure 8. After that, the settings of heading 2 and heading 3 should be similar as needed.
The writing standard of the thesis requires that "the fourth letter of Song Dynasty should be used in the text, and the line spacing should be18kg". For this requirement, you can also set the style. However, if the standard text is set to a fixed value of+18 points, it may affect the insertion of pictures. So it's best to set it up in advance before writing a paper.
If it affects the inserted picture, please set the picture layout to embedded. The reason for this problem is that the paragraph interval of the text is set to "fixed value", and the style of the inserted picture is also set according to this setting by default, resulting in the dislocation of the picture. It is necessary to set a separate style for the picture. This paper adopts "no interval". If not, you can create and set a new style to use, as shown in Figure 9.
The directory can be generated manually, but this is not a normal choice. The table of contents should change automatically with the change of the article, and there is no need to modify it repeatedly. Therefore, it is necessary to use the automatic generation of directories.
Because the styles of titles at all levels have been set before, especially in the document, the format of title text has been successfully set, so it can be generated directly with the directory generation tool of Word. The specific steps are simple. First, select the location to insert the directory. This article is first placed under the title of the article (see the red circle on the right of Figure 10, press Enter after the title, so that the mouse can click here and place the cursor here). Then select the Reference menu, click the contents on the far left, and select Automatic Contents from the pop-up menu. Of course, you can define your own directory format and use the default format here.
You can set a style for the inserted directory.
After inserting the table of contents, you can "refresh" the table of contents by manually "updating fields", regardless of adding or modifying the contents of the following words (see figure 12). Usually, you choose to update the entire directory (see figure 13).
Of course, don't forget to update the table of contents manually after writing the paper, especially before printing, so it will be printed for nothing. So in order to avoid this situation, Microsoft can automatically update the directory when printing, but this function is not open by default and needs to be set by itself. The specific method is to click the File menu, then select Options, and then select Display, and check this option before the "Update fields before printing" option in the printing options. In this way, after each edition of the paper is revised, as long as it is previewed, the table of contents and other contents with "fields" (such as captions and inserted cross-references) will be automatically updated. But sometimes it seems to fail, I don't know why, so don't forget to update the directory manually.
Now the catalogue has been inserted, but it's too ugly. The paper should have a separate cover. Now that the cover (title) and table of contents of the paper are together, the next chapter will talk about how to use sections to deal with the setting of cover, table of contents, body and header and footer.
This chapter mainly focuses on the setting of section, header and footer. Pagination has been seen in the settings of previous styles. This chapter mainly explains the function of section.
Looking back at the cover of this article now, we will find that the cover and the table of contents are still "wrapped" together (see figure 15). We obviously don't need to press Enter to separate them, because new elements may be added to the cover later, and we have to press Enter back and forth every time we add them.
Can I insert a page (not a section)? It seems possible, but it's really impossible. Why? Because there is no page number on the cover, the table of contents should be numbered, and the text should also be numbered, which is different from the page number format of the table of contents. The page number of the table of contents should be Roman numerals (counting from 1 alone), and the page number of the text should be Arabic numerals (although there is no requirement in the writing specification for undergraduate thesis). But for master's thesis, not only the page number must be like this, but also the header and odd-even page must be different. For this reason, we must use "section break".
You can insert a section break by clicking the layout menu, clicking the small arrow next to the separator, and then selecting section break. Here again, there is a difference between undergraduate and graduate thesis. For undergraduate graduation thesis, because it is printed on one side and the header is the same, the cover should not have a header, and the page number of the catalog and the page number of the text are calculated separately. But there is no page number on the cover of graduate students, and there is a page number in the catalogue (calculated separately, in Roman numerals). The text starts from 1, and each title 1 must start from odd pages (because double-sided printing is required), and the headers of even pages and odd pages are different. Let's talk about the requirements of undergraduates first.
At the cursor, select the layout, click the separator, and then select the odd pages under section break, as shown in figure 16. After this insertion, when coding, the directory starts from 1 instead of 2 (assuming the cover page is one page). At this time, after inserting section break (see figure 17), you will find a line in front of the table of contents. At this time, click the Del key on the keyboard at the cursor to delete this line, thus ensuring the top grid of the directory.
Do a similar operation after the table of contents, but this time we insert "odd pages" before "order". Please note that nothing seems to have changed after insertion, but it has actually changed. You can observe the change by clicking the title.
It can be found that the header before insertion is activated for editing, and that the preface and the previous table of contents are in section 2 (see figure 18), but after inserting odd pages before the preface, it is found that the section where the preface is located has become section 3 (figure 19). Note the red line in the figure, that is, insert "odd pages" at the cursor position before "order".
At this point, for the undergraduate thesis, the required section break has been inserted. The rest is to edit the header and footer. The previous requirement is that the cover does not need a header and footer, but the table of contents and the body do, but the page number styles of the table of contents and the body are different.
First, click the header on the directory page to enter the header editing state. As you can see, when you enter the editing state of the header and footer, you will automatically enter the design menu. At this point, you need to click Link to the previous header to disassociate from the previous part (see Figure 20). Note that the Footer is also set in this way. When setting page numbers in the future, you can set the front page number style and the back page number style separately, so that the page number of the directory is Roman numerals and the text is Arabic numerals.
Let's set the page number first. After activating the editing status of header and footer, first click the footer position and set it to "Center". Of course, we can set it later. Then select the page number, current position and common number in the design, as shown in Figure 2 1. After confirmation, the page number is inserted into the bottom page, but it is not Roman numerals by default. At this time, select the page number, set the page number format, select Roman numerals "I, II, III" in the pop-up dialog box, and set the starting page number as 1, as shown in Figure 22. After that, you can see that the page number of the directory is set to I, and the text on the cover and back has not changed.
After setting the table of contents, set the text and set the page number similarly. It just starts with "order", and the Arabic numerals of the page numbers start with 1.
After that, you can set the content of the title. Similarly, activate the editing status of the header and enter the contents of the header in the appropriate position. Since both content and text should have a title, if they are the same, you can "link" the title of the text to the previous section. In this paper, the title content and text of the directory are set respectively. If there is a horizontal line under the header to be inserted, you can edit the header, select the header text, and then select "bottom border" in the border of the start menu to add it, as shown in Figure 23.
In this way, the page number, header, footer and paging of the undergraduate thesis have all been mentioned. For the requirements of graduate students, the headers of odd pages and even pages need to be different, and the odd pages in each chapter are also different. The title of each chapter is different, as mentioned earlier. As long as the beginning of each chapter is set to an odd page, you can add it manually or set it to the heading 1 style (as mentioned earlier, only page breaks are set in front, not section break), and then you can set the header separately without linking the previous one.
What if odd pages are different from even pages? It is also very convenient. Activate header editing and check "Different parity pages" in "Design", as shown in Figure 24, to set different parity pages.
This chapter introduces the insertion and cross-reference of charts, tables and formulas. Figures, tables and formulas are essential elements in the paper. The paper requires that every figure, table or formula must have a caption, and the writing of the paper may need to be revised many times, and the figure, table or formula may be inserted or deleted. If you edit the drawing number manually, it will be very painful to modify it. It needs to be renumbered, and all the references in the article should be changed. It will probably take half a day to adjust the number once. Obviously, it should be handled automatically. This chapter introduces how to insert titles and number them automatically, as well as cross-references of charts.
First, insert a desired picture (table insertion is similar to picture insertion, which will be taken as an example later), then right-click the picture and select "Insert Subtitle" in the pop-up dialog box, and the dialog box for inserting subtitles will pop up, as shown in Figure 25.
At this time, the subtitle dialog box will pop up (see Figure 26), and you can set the related content of subtitles. The title of the caption label required in the paper is "Figure" or "Table", but Word does not have it by default, so a new label is needed (see Tu Tu 27). And the caption of the figure should be below the inserted picture, and the caption of the table should be above the table, so you can choose here. In addition, the number of the chart can be continuous, ranging from1~ n. It can also be numbered by chapter, such as 1- 1, 3-2, etc. , so you need to set the number, provided that the chapter number is set.
Please note that the chart or table inserted in the paper needs to be quoted in the text, otherwise it is meaningless to insert this chart, which is really ignored by many students. So how do you quote? Manual reference is completely acceptable, but once the caption number changes due to deleting or inserting a new chart, manual modification will also be a huge project. Therefore, you need to use the cross-reference function.
The premise of cross-reference is that the required captions have been inserted and numbered automatically. Then, through the reference menu, select Cross Reference (see Figure 29), and the corresponding dialog box will pop up.
In the dialog box, first select the type of reference, here is "Figure" (caption label created earlier). You can see that a lot of graphics are inserted in the editing process of the text, so choose what you need. Then, only the content of "Figure+sign" is needed in the paper, and all the captions in the caption are not needed, such as "Figure 29 Cross Reference". So "reference content" should choose "only label and number", as shown in Figure 30. The advantage of this kind of reference is that if a picture is added in front of it (caption is inserted), the reference in the text can be automatically changed as long as the "update field" operation is performed (the update field is set in the print preview), and the caption is automatically numbered, and the reference will change with its number change, so there is no need to worry about the reference number error, which greatly facilitates editing. At this point, after inserting a new picture, there is almost no additional workload to modify and update the references in the article.
The title of the table is similar to the title of the figure, except that the title label of the table is "Table" and the title of the table is placed above the selected item. The title and references of the table will not be repeated here.
The caption insertion of the formula is similar to the chart, but it is different, because the number of the formula requires to be measured to the right of the formula, the formula is in the middle, and the formula number should be placed on the right.
First, create a formula and then insert a title after the formula. At this time, I found that even if I right-click the formula, there is no menu to insert captions like a chart. At this time, you can insert it through "Insert caption" in the "Reference" menu.
Insert a title after the formula, and you may need to create a new title. The label "Formula" is established here (see Figure 3 1).
You can then control the format as needed. The text here provides a way to set it. To put the cursor in front of the formula and then select the tab position, you need to select Ruler in the View menu. Then click the tab stop in the upper left corner of the page and control it to be centered (Figure 32).
Then click the ruler above (middle position) to set the tab stop position, and type a tab before the formula. After that, put the cursor before the formula 1, and also select the tab stop, but select "right" and type a tab. After proper adjustment, the following formula style can be formed. After the formula is inserted in the same form, it can be processed with a format brush. But in this case, when cross-referencing, you will find that even if "only mark and number" is selected, all the contents will be quoted. The corresponding solution is to set the "style separator". Insert a carriage return before the formula 1, then return to the carriage return above, and insert a "style separator" by typing "Ctrl+Alt+Enter". In this way, when the reference is blocked, all the contents of the formula can be referenced. You can display the style separator by choosing Show Edit Annotation from the Start menu.
Formula 1 and formula 2 are inserted formulas and can be quoted in the text.
Cross-reference should also be made, otherwise it will be very troublesome. You can number the references first, that is, choose Number from the Start menu. Maybe the existing style doesn't have what you need, then create a "reference number format", as shown in Figure 35. After that, references can be cited or cross-referenced, only "reference type" selects "numbered item" and "reference content" selects "paragraph number (without context)", and the documents to be cited can be found in the following numbered items, as shown in Figure 36. In this way, even if a new citation is inserted in front, it can still be changed automatically.
Add a little table, especially the setting of three-line table for graduate thesis. The so-called three-line table is a table with only three horizontal lines, which undergraduates don't need. Three-line table is easy to handle, that is, after selecting the table, select "border" in the start menu and select the border corresponding to "Cancel" or "Set" in the drop-down menu. See table 1 for details.
In addition, it is required in the paper that the table cannot spread across pages, but there may indeed be cases where the table is too large (a paper requires only continuation tables, so it should be separated). If you need to spread pages and the header needs to appear repeatedly in a new page, you can do the following.
1. Select only the title of the spread table (for example, the first line);
2. Right-click and select Table Properties from the pop-up menu;
3. In the pop-up dialog box, select the "Lines" tab, and check "Repeat as title lines at the top of the hinge" (see).
Step four, make sure
Then you can see that each page in the spread table has a header.
The text tells about setting titles according to styles, setting Words, inserting captions and cross-references of figures, tables and formulas, setting different headers and footers, and numbering and cross-referencing quotations through section break, which basically covers the word typesetting technology needed in paper writing. Through this article, I hope you can learn the related technology of Word, which is convenient for writing papers.
Microsoft's Office suite is really powerful, not only rich in functions, but also WYSIWYG. I hope you can study hard and make good use of it, which can greatly improve the overall efficiency of your work!
[1] Hou Jie, The Art of Word Typesetting, Electronic Industry Press, 2004-10/.
Thank you, Miss Gao, for your advice!
Readers are welcome to give us comments!
If it helps you, please be sure to thank me!