Author: Li Bai

Original text:

What am I doing here? A city of sand dunes with high terrain.

There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, and autumn sounds ring day and night.

Lu wine is not drunk, so sing a song for nothing.

If you think of a gentleman, you will send him to the south.

Precautions:

1, sand dunes: refers to the remnant hills of Yanzhou in Tang Dynasty. Dune City is said to be located on the other side of the tributary of Yahe River (now called Fuhe River) in the east of Wenyang Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province. According to 1993, the statue of Beiqi Dune City (also known as Dune Monument) unearthed in Sihe, southeast of Yanzhou City, the ancient place name of Yanzhou was Dune, also known as Xianqiu, and it was an important town in southwest Shandong in the Tang Dynasty, where Li Baiying lived. Because of this important archaeological discovery, the academic circles basically agree that Yanzhou is the dune city where Li Bai lives.

2. Come: In the future, extended to a later time, which means after you leave. After all, after all

3, high lying: lying on a high pillow, here refers to leisure. Biography of Tao Qian in the Book of Jin: According to legend, the summer moon is idle and lies high under the north window. When the breeze blows, you call yourself Sidi's master.

4. Evening: In the evening, at sunset. Lian: continuous. Autumn sound: the sound of autumn wind blowing vegetation.

5, Lu wine two sentences: in ancient times, it was called Lu wine thin. Zhuangzi Building: Lu wine is thin, surrounded by Handan. This is called the thinness of Lu wine, and it can't be intoxicating; Qi's songs are colorful, and he is not in the mood to listen. Because there is no * * * reward. Lu and Qi: both refer to Shandong area. Empty feelings: only feelings.

6. Wenshui: the name of Shandong River. The positive direction of this river is now called Dawen River. It comes from three sources: Sendai Mountain, next to Mount Tai and Yang Yang, which is the original mountain in Laiwu County, and Zhaizi Village in Laiwu County. It flows through the north and southwest of Qiu County in Yanzhou County and enters Konosawa. Geng Yuanduan said that Wenshui flows west 70 or 80 miles north of Qufu. When I think of Wenshui, I just think of Wenshui, but I didn't expect Dune City to be next to Wenshui (see Hundred Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties).

7. Vast: broad and vast. Southern Expedition: Southbound, Du Fu under the Guide. Talking about the water in the south.

Translation:

What the hell am I here for?

Lying on a high pillow in Dune City.

There are old trees on the edge of dune city.

The rustling of day and night is connected with the sound of autumn.

Rudy wine is thin and hard to get drunk.

Who did Ziggy love in vain?

I miss you very much,

Wenshui flows south, pinning my affection.

Appreciate:

The friendship between Li Bai and Du Fu is a precious page in the history of China literature. Among Li Bai's poems handed down from generation to generation, only two are recognized as directly written by Du Fu. One is "seeing Du off at the East Shimen in Lu County" and the other is this poem.

Dune City, located on the bank of Wenshui in Shandong Province, is where Li Bai stayed in the middle of Shandong Province. The poet bid farewell to Du Fu and returned to the sand dunes alone from a life full of friendship and joy, feeling lonely and the value of friendship. This poem is to express the thoughts and feelings that the monarch can't ignore in this situation. At first, the poet used a lot of pen and ink to write about his life, the surrounding environment of his residence and his mood. In the first six sentences of the poem, there is neither a word of thinking about you nor a word of thinking about you, which gives readers the feeling that they are wandering around and don't know what they want to do. It is not until the end of the poem that they suddenly realize that they are thinking about you. There is not a word in the poem that is not thinking about you, but is stronger than the couplet, so that they can't directly express their feelings in the end. The smoke of the first six sentences became the foil of the last two sentences. Such an idea can not only create momentum for the theme of poetry from all angles and feelings, but also endow those daily life events with rich poetry.

The poem begins with: What am I doing here? This is the poet's own problem, which is quite a bit of unspeakable indignation and regret. This will attract readers' attention and cause suspense. Lying high and lying high in Dune City actually refers to the poet's boring life. On the one hand, this sentence describes the present life, on the other hand, it also responds to the reasons for raising the above questions. The reason why the poet doesn't lie high in the sand dunes is because he misses Du Fu as a friend. The beginning of this row of poems is the complicated and depressed feelings of the poet after his love and happy life disappeared, which is produced in a sudden way.

One or two sentences tend to express subjective feelings, while three or four sentences turn to the description of objective scenery. There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, and autumn sounds ring day and night. For the poet, the sand dune city in front of him seems to have nothing to see except the old trees on the edge of the city, rustling day and night in the autumn wind. In the middle of the night, the wind and bamboo knock on the autumn rhyme, and Chiba hates it. This bleak autumn wind and sad atmosphere make the poet miss his friends and reminisce about the past, which is even more difficult for him to care about. Absent are Acacia, Yao Se and Jin Zun. However, here and now, this situation is extraordinary, wine can't eliminate sorrow, and songs can't forget sorrow. Lu and Qi refer to Shandong where the poet was at that time. Don't get drunk, that is, you have no interest in getting drunk. Empty feelings, because the poet is not interested in appreciation, singing can only be sentimental. Such rewriting will greatly increase the weight of lyricism, and at the same time, it will also force the following.

Wenshui, which originated in Laiwu, Shandong, flows to the southwest. Du Fu bid farewell to Li Bai in Lu County and wanted to go to Chang 'an, which is also located in the southwest of Lu. Therefore, the poet said: I miss you like this mighty water, following you south day and night. The poet sends his feelings to the flowing water, takes care of the title of the poem and points out the main idea. The artistic conception of flowing water and endless lovesickness make the language enjoy a long charm. This kind of endless thoughts, as well as the green water on the horizon and the green hills on the sea. There is no need to get drunk when we are apart. The open and free mentality shows the poet's rich emotions and styles.

In the development of China's ancient poetry, ancient style precedes metrical style. However, the prevalence of legal style also influenced the writing of ancient poetry. For example, Li Bai's five ancient poems are all eight sentences. Although the middle four sentences are not neat antithesis, the antithesis and overall format of some words can still be seen. This kind of composition and sentence pattern, which is correct in ancient times, better expresses the poet's pure and deep feelings and makes the whole poem have a natural and dignified style.

Du Fu's Memories of Li Bai in Spring.

Li Bai's Memories in Spring

Author: Du Fu

Original text:

Li Bai's poems are unparalleled, and his superb creativity is far beyond ordinary people.

Li Bai's poems are the fresh wind of Yu Xin's poems and the backbone of Jun Zai's works.

Now, I am alone on the spring tree in Weibei, and you are on each side of the sun, sunset and sky in the southeast, and you can only miss.

When can we have another drink and discuss our poems?

Precautions:

1, non-group: uncommon, higher than peers. This sentence illustrates the previous sentence, thinking is not group, so poetry is invincible.

2. Yu Kaifu: refers to Yu Xin. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, from the official to the general of a title of generals in ancient times and the third division of Kaifu instrument (Sima, Situ and Sikong), it was called Kaifu in history.

3, Junyi: a heroic. Bao Shen Jun: Bao Zhao. The former army of Jingzhou in the Southern Song Dynasty joined the army, and the world called Bao joined the army.

4. Weibei: The north bank of Weihe River refers to Chang 'an (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province), where Du Fu was at that time.

5. Jiangdong: It refers to the southern part of Jiangsu Province and the northern part of Zhejiang Province today, with Li Bai at this time.

6. Paper: On Poetry. Since the Six Dynasties, poetry has generally been called literature. Essay: A gentle speech.

Translation:

Li Bai's poems are unparalleled,

His superb talent is far beyond the average person.

Li Bai's poems not only have the freshness of Yu Xin's poems,

And the elegance of Bao Zhao's works.

Now, I face the trees in spring alone in Weibei.

And you are watching dusk in Jiangdong, far apart.

I can only miss you from a distance.

When can we drink at the same table,

Why don't you discuss our poem again?

Appreciate:

The friendship between Du Fu and Li Bai was first formed from poetry. This song that remembers Li Bai's five laws is mainly written from this aspect. The first four sentences, all in one breath, are enthusiastic praises to Li Bai's poems. The first sentence praised his poems as the best in the contemporary era. The second sentence is an explanation of the previous sentence, which means that his poems are invincible because of his ideological interest and Excellence, so his poems are unparalleled. Then praise Li Bai's poems as fresh as Yuxin and elegant as Bao Zhao. Yu Xin and Bao Zhao were both famous poets in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. These four sentences are full of enthusiasm. The first two auxiliary words, Ye and Ran, not only strengthen the tone of praise, but also add the invincible and unconventional weight of poetry.

Du Fu always praised Li Baiqi's magnificent poems, whether he gave them as gifts or missed them. From the frank and sincere praise of this poem, we can also see that Du Fu highly praised Li Bai's poems. This not only expressed his love for Li Bai's poems, but also reflected their sincere friendship. These four sentences are about remembering people and their poems, and hymns are about remembering people. But the author didn't know what this meant, but wrote "divorce" through the third link, which naturally added. This treatment is not only concise, but also avoids straightforward narration, which makes the poems interlocking and tortuous.

On the surface, the last two sentences only describe the scene of the author and Li Bai. Weibei refers to the Chang 'an area where Du Fu is located. Jiangdong refers to the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas where Li Bai roamed. The sunset glow of the spring tree is just a plain description, without any modification. Taken separately, these two sentences are very general and nothing strange. However, the author organizes them together, but there is a wonderful close connection. That is to say, when the author misses Li Bai in Jiangdong in Weibei, it is also the time when Li Bai misses the author in Weibei in Jiangdong; The author looked at the south sky and only saw the clouds on the horizon. Li Bai looked at the north country and only saw the colors of trees in the distance. He saw the parting hatred of the two, like the twilight clouds of spring trees, with a deep feeling of parting. The two poems imply the same infinite feelings of both sides. Memories of all kinds of good times together, the situation after their separation and all kinds of situations at this time are very rich in content. These two sentences seem dull, but in fact they are tempered every word; The language is simple, but rich in meaning, and it is a famous sentence that has been sung all the time. Citing Wang as a mediocre work, I greatly appreciated it.

The above feelings of parting are written deeply and strongly, which leads to the ardent hope of the later couplets: when can we meet again, and talk about wine and poetry as in the past! Talking about wine in the poem is the most memorable and desirable thing for the author, and the conclusion coincides with the beginning of the poem. Emphasizing harmony, that is to say, it used to be like this, which made the disappointment of not meeting again more distant and deepened the nostalgia for friends. With the tone of when to ask questions, the desire for an early reunion is expressed more strongly, which makes the ending endless and echoes the author's infinite thoughts.

In Qing Dynasty, Pu Qilong said: This article is purely based on poetry. (Reading) tells the characteristics of this poem in content and structure. It is natural that the whole poem begins with a hymn and ends with a paper, and it turns from poem to person and from person to poem. A nostalgic word runs through the whole poem, blending the admiration and nostalgia for people and poetry. The lyrical technique of scenery is even more superb, and the author's feelings of missing are deeply written.

Du fu's dream, the second part of Li Bai

Li Bai's Dream II

Author: Du Fu

Clouds are floating in the sky, but old friends have gone for a long time.

I see you in my dreams every night, and you know what you mean to me.

The difference is that you always look in a hurry and always talk about how easy it is to meet.

There are many dangerous waves on the rivers and lakes, and I am worried that your ship will capsize and sink.

When he went out, he scratched his head with white hair and regretted that he had failed his life.

Gao Che Li Fu is the capital, and you are brilliant, and you are haggard.

Who can say that the principle of justice is not Qiren in old age, but innocent bondage?

Even if there is a good name handed down from generation to generation, it is difficult to make up for the sad loss.

Precautions:

1, Ba: ship pulp, ship.

2. Sri Lankan: refers to Li Bai.

Translation:

Long clouds fly around all day, why don't distant wanderers come for a long time?

I dream of you frequently for several nights in a row, which shows my deep affection.

In every dream, you quit in a hurry and always say it's not easy to meet.

You said how sinister the Jianghu storm was, and you were worried that the ship would be wrecked and buried in the water.

I always scratch my head when I go out, as if I have failed my life ambition.

There are bureaucrats in Kyoto one after another, but you can't be too conspicuous and too haggard.

Who said that Skynet is slow and not leaking? You are old enough to be implicated and tortured.

You will be famous from generation to generation, which is the comfort after loneliness and death.

Appreciate:

In the third year of Tianbao (744), Du Li first met in Luoyang and became close friends. In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), Li Bai participated in Li? The shogunate was implicated and Yelang was exiled. In the spring of two years, he was pardoned in Wushan. Du Fu only knew that Li Bai was exiled, but he didn't know how to forgive him. These two dream poems were written by Du Fu after hearing the news that Li Bai had exiled Yelang.

Poetry is written in the order of before, during and after the dream. The first one is about the psychology of dreaming about Li Bai for the first time, showing concern for the good or ill luck of an old friend. The second is about the image of Li Bai seen in my dream, expressing sympathy for the tragic experience of my old friend. An old friend came to sleep because I always think of you. There is water to pass through. They are wild. If you fall, there will be dragons and monsters in the river. I see you in my dreams every night, and you know what you mean to me. These beautiful sentences reflect the friendship between two people. They parted, treated each other sincerely, encouraged each other and communicated with each other.

The language of the poem is gentle and sincere, every sentence comes from the heart, every word is touching, and it is heartbreaking to read!

Du Fu wrote to Imperial History Han.

A letter to Yu Shihan.

Author: Du Fu

At present, I miss Yueyang in a bad mood, and my body wants to fly sick and make me bedridden.

After crossing the river, Koreans noticed how good his conduct was and often looked around in Dongting Lake.

Swan has soared away from the sun and the moon, maple leaves have turned red, and autumn has declined.

The wise disciples gathered to follow the Big Dipper, some riding Kirin and some riding Phoenix.

Lotus-like flags were submerged by smoke, and Xiaoxiang's reflection floated in the direction of ripples.

Indulge in the jade dew in Xianwangxinggong, feathers are rare, not from nearby.

I heard that he seems to be a former red pine, and I'm afraid he is more like Sean in South Korea in the early Han Dynasty.

At that time, he was the capital of Liu Bang and Chang 'an, and his heart disease has not changed.

The success or failure of the national cause is to stand by and hate the rancid smell of maple.

Sima Qian of Thailand lamented since ancient times, wishing him to be like the old man in Changtai, Antarctica, Yongchang.

Why should a man of good character be separated from the rivers and lakes? How can he be placed in Weiyang Palace?

Precautions:

1, Ghost: It means that Han has retired.

2. Feather man: a fairy in feathered clothes.

3. The curtain has not changed: this refers to the tabernacle, which refers to the heart of the country.

Translation:

I am in a bad mood now, because I miss Yueyang.

My body wants to fly, and illness forces me to stay in bed.

Han across the river noticed how beautiful his role was.

I often wash my feet in Dongting and look around.

Swan flies in the distance between the sun and the moon,

The leaves of Qingfeng turned red, and the autumn frost fell.

The immortals of Yujing Mountain gathered to follow Beidou,

Some ride unicorns, others ride phoenixes.

The furong flag was submerged by smoke,

Xiaoxiang ripples, and the reflection is swaying with the waves.

The fairy in the star palace is intoxicated in the nectar,

Feather fairy is rare, not nearby.

I heard that he seems to be an old pine nut.

I'm afraid it's more like Sean in South Korea in the early Han Dynasty.

He and Liu Bangjian made Chang 'an their capital together,

The mind of strategizing has not changed, and the spirit is miserable.

How dare you sit back and watch the success or failure of the national cause?

The world hates fishy rot and prefers to eat maple fragrance.

Tai Shigong's detention in Nan Zhou has been deplorable since ancient times.

I hope he is like Changtai Yongchang, the birthday girl of Antarctica.

Why do noble people stay away from Jianghu?

How can we put him in Weiyang Palace?

Appreciate:

This poem belongs to the category of wandering fairy poems, which is ethereal and implicit and can only be appreciated after repeated reciting. The first six sentences of the poem are the first paragraph, which says that I miss Han in Dongting, and the sun and the moon change, and I miss him. "Six Sentences in Yujing" is the second paragraph, which is about the court villain gaining power and the virtuous minister leaving. Pointed out that Han had been dismissed from office and went to the countryside. The third paragraph seems to be six sentences. I wrote the reason why Han dismissed from office, and compared it with it to praise his nobility and talent. The last four sentences are the fourth paragraph, expressing my feelings and hoping that Han will come out again and make contributions to the country.

Poetry is nuanced and writing is obscure and tortuous. The style is fresh, passionate and powerful.

The quatrains of ancient poetry are so classic, concise and full of infinite feelings. Want to see more quatrains and ancient poems? Please enjoy Du Fu's quatrains.