In order to meet the needs of social development, we should not only attach importance to students' skills training, but also strengthen students' professional ethics education in school education, so as to cultivate high-quality talents needed by society. The following is my paper for medical freshmen. Welcome to read them for reference!
Post-medical education refers to the stage in which medical students study and practice clinical courses in the fourth grade. It is the continuation of school education, the process in which students apply theoretical knowledge to clinic, and the transition from medical students to doctors. With the increasing diversification of social medical and health service demand, professional ethics has become one of the components of the core competitiveness of medical institutions. In the process of medical education, especially in the later period of medical education in colleges and universities, we should always pay equal attention to medical ethics education and professional education, and cultivate students with good medical ethics to adapt to the changes of social needs.
Keywords medical ethics education for medical students, post-medical education
Professional ethics education is the need to promote the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. The policy of putting prevention first, saving lives, carrying out revolutionary humanitarianism and serving the people wholeheartedly is the professional ethics of medical personnel in China, an important part of socialist spiritual civilization construction and a key link to improve social fashion in the medical industry. The ideological and moral quality and professional quality of clinical interns will directly affect the status and development of China's future medical cause. Therefore, it is the need of socialist spiritual civilization construction to pay attention to cultivating their noble and rigorous medical ethics in the probation and internship stages. This paper discusses the necessity, connotation, ways and methods of developing professional ethics education for clinical medical students in the later period.
First, the necessity of medical students' professional ethics education
1. The need of the development of modern medicine
In order to meet the needs of social development, we should not only attach importance to students' skills training, but also strengthen students' professional ethics education in school education, so as to cultivate high-quality talents needed by society. The medical model has changed from the traditional biomedical model to the "bio-psychological-social" medical model. This requires medical students to improve their moral quality and humanistic quality to a new height. In addition, in medical education, the post-education of clinical medical students mainly focuses on clinical probation and practice, which requires students to adapt to the new open medical education system with the intersection of humanities and medicine as soon as possible and become people-oriented comprehensive talents with basic, clinical and preventive medical knowledge. Therefore, the professional ethics education of medical students' later study must be based on breaking away from the pure biomedical thinking mode, cultivating and observing the humanistic quality of people in society, improving the analysis ability of patients' psychological and social factors, and learning to diagnose and analyze diseases from the social background and psychological changes of patients.
2. The demand of higher education
In the training program of medical professionals, it is clearly stated that it is the training goal of each major to train medical senior talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. Broadly speaking, the stage of higher education (including higher vocational education) is a crucial period for the formation of moral quality in a person's life, and moral education is an important part of youth education. Strengthening teenagers' moral education is not only the need of healthy growth, but also the need of socialist builders and successors who meet the requirements of the times. Since the reform and opening up, especially after China's accession to the WTO, a large number of western cultural products have poured in, and students can easily feel various ideologies and get in touch with the world's multiculturalism. The blending and collision of various cultures will aggravate the difficulty of choosing and establishing values in the process of students' growth. Under the new historical conditions, school moral education must also be deepened and expanded. [1] On the other hand, in the current fierce social competition, many parents unilaterally understand the cultivation of their children as mastering cultural knowledge and neglect the education of moral quality, which requires moral education for students in colleges and universities, especially professional ethics education, which is of great significance.
3. Strengthening professional ethics education can alleviate the contradiction between doctors and patients.
At present, one of the main factors causing the tension between doctors and patients is the service attitude of medical staff. Some doctors' service concepts and ways of thinking still remain at the level of "focusing on doctors" and "ignoring seriously ill patients". Their service words and deeds show reluctance to explain more to patients, lack of respect for patients in communication, and lack of humanistic communication and emotional communication. Modern medicine requires a qualified doctor not only to have superb skills, but also to have a sense of social conscience and social responsibility. Paying more attention to patients' care, understanding, strategies and skills is not only the display of their perfect quality, but also the cornerstone of establishing a harmonious new doctor-patient relationship. Therefore, from the internship stage, we began to pay attention to cultivating the concept of medical students serving patients wholeheartedly, which played a positive role in correcting the industry style and building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.
Second, the connotation of medical professional ethics education
This paper summarizes the connotation of medical ethics education in China traditional ancient medical literature from four aspects: ① the ultimate concern for health and life; (2) Pursuing utilitarian life values; (3) the spirit of being original and daring to explore; ④ Prudent and rigorous medical practice style. [2] At this stage, although there is no specific fixed model requirement for medical ethics in China, it conforms to the overall goal and requirements of socialist moral construction; Based on the Interim Provisions on the Management of Clinical Practice of Medical Education jointly issued by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education, the requirements of medical majors and the ideological and moral status of medical students, this paper explores the connotation of medical ethics education on the basis of summarizing the practical experience of medical ethics education for many years.
First of all, the education of socialist core value system: guiding students' medical ethics education with "three meanings" education; Patriotism, collectivism and socialism education should run through the whole process of medical ethics education, and put it in a leading position, so as to cultivate reliable successors to Socialism with Chinese characteristics's cause.
Secondly, through the education of world outlook, outlook on life and values, students can basically master the basic viewpoints, principles and methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and can correctly look at the world, society and life. And have professional quality, can deeply understand the humanistic connotation of medicine, establish correct medical values, improve the ability to judge the social and moral values of medicine and the ability to choose medical behavior.
Thirdly, the education of humanitarianism and social morality should be carried out, so that medical students can form the qualities of loving, respecting, trusting and treating others equally, abide by social morality, be honest, frank and helpful, and correctly handle the relationship between individuals and collectives, doctors and patients, and medical colleagues.
Fourth, medical humanistic spirit education. Guide students to understand that the purpose of studying medicine is to love and care for people. Make medical students love life, respect patients, stress justice, pursue harmony, do good deeds, and have professional ethics of saving lives, practicing humanitarian spirit and serving the people wholeheartedly. [3]
Gao Qiang, former Minister of Health, pointed out in "Speech at the 2006 National Hospital Management Year Work Conference": "The cultivation of medical talents should not only pay attention to professional and technical level, but also pay attention to ideological, moral, work style education and law and discipline training ... so that young medical personnel can master solid medical technology and establish noble professional ethics." "In a harmonious society, doctors should do their best, patients should be kind to patients, and doctors and patients should be kind to patients."
Thirdly, the ways and methods of cultivating medical ethics in the later education of medical students.
1. Improve the quality of medical students and cultivate humanistic quality.
Improve the quality of medical students, strengthen humanistic cultivation, and introduce "spiritual midwifery" to internalize moral cognition into moral concepts and externalize moral behavior medicine. It not only has obvious natural science attributes, but also has obvious humanity. [4] Society calls for humanistic spirit, advocates people-oriented, cherishes and cares for life. For doctors, humanistic care is their most basic service attitude. There are some differences in the ideological and moral quality of medical students, which is determined by the degree of acquired training. A few students indulge in the colorful contemporary society and neglect the improvement of their own ideological and moral quality. They haven't fully established a correct outlook on life, or the self-cultivation of social morality has left defects. The essence of "spiritual midwifery" is that truth exists in people's hearts in a potential form. The main task of teachers is not to impart ready-made knowledge, but to eliminate mistakes and vague understanding through conversation and discussion, to awaken students' consciousness, so as to discover the truth, [5] so that students can achieve the unity of knowing and doing. Therefore, as a humanist in the future society, we must strengthen our humanistic cultivation at school and constantly cultivate our own humanistic qualities such as "respecting life, advocating justice, loving our jobs and being broad-minded". Only in this way, patients will not feel the coldness of therapeutic instruments and their loneliness and helplessness when they see a doctor.
2. Improve teachers' professional ethics and improve their exemplary role.
Due to the intensification of the conflict of medical students' values and the diversification of values, the traditional "high", "big" and "all-round" model demonstration method has been weakened, and even some students are disgusted. [6] Students have the characteristics of imitating teachers, and teachers' attitudes, positions, words and deeds become important educational factors in the teaching process. Therefore, in clinical teaching, teachers should first have a good professional quality, take the lead in setting an example in the teaching process, be decent and aboveboard, and adhere to the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts. Be serious, considerate and kind to every patient in the outpatient department; Treat patients equally, be neither humble nor supercilious, not be proud of being poor, do not take advantage of professional convenience to engage in private affairs, be strict with yourself, and be totally self-loving. As a clinical medical teacher, it is equally arduous and important to cure patients and educate students, but the latter has a far-reaching impact on society. If we train a good doctor, it may benefit one party; If we train a quack or a greedy doctor, it may hurt one party.
3. Strengthen the cooperation between schools and clinical hospitals.
On this side of the school. Before students enter the clinic, the school should help them to establish a "bio-psychological-social" medical model and a new concept of medical ethics, enhance the professional responsibility of medical students, and lay a solid foundation for their clinical medical ethics practice. In the course study, students can be systematically educated in ideology, morality, code of conduct, legal system and discipline through entrance education, ideological and moral cultivation courses and basic legal courses, so as to establish socialist morality and legal concept. Through medical ethics education, students are systematically educated on the principles, norms and categories of socialist medical ethics, and the relationship between medical ethics and medical skills is clear. At the same time, through "early contact with the clinic", in hospital visits, internships, health surveys and other activities, we can contact the society, hospitals and clients through multiple channels, angles and levels, and accept the influence and infection of medical ethics, and gradually understand that a qualified doctor should not only have superb medical skills, but also have noble medical ethics.
Hospital. As the implementer and manager of medical students' later teaching, the hospital plays a vital role in cultivating medical students' medical ethics. Clinical medical ethics education can arouse students' enthusiasm, such as carrying out bedside teaching, combining with patients' actual problems, and helping students sum up experiences and lessons in medical service; Organize students to discuss and analyze the accidents and cases caused by violating medical ethics and losing medical ethics, so as to urge students to position themselves in comparative thinking, consciously improve their medical ethics, develop good medical ethics behaviors and habits, and finally urge students to transform external medical ethics principles and norms into internal medical ethics beliefs and qualities, and firmly establish the value orientation of "health depends on life". In the specific work, we should first strengthen the construction of hospital culture, form a good environment for medical ethics education, improve the rules and regulations of medical ethics education, strictly manage and combine rewards and punishments to ensure the smooth progress of medical ethics education.
In a word, the medical ethics education in clinical interns' later teaching can't stick to one form. According to the characteristics of the health industry, we should adopt the methods of "three-dimensional, multi-directional education, collective influence" and "combination of theory and practice", pay close attention to medical ethics education while practicing professional skills, cultivate medical students' professionalism and professional awareness, and adhere to medical humanistic beliefs, so as to become a medicine with "both ability and political integrity" and "both morality and art"
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