MBA is the abbreviation of English MBA, and the Chinese translation is called MBA.
MBA was born in America. After nearly a hundred years of exploration and efforts, a large number of outstanding enterprise management talents have been trained, creating myths and miracles of American economic development. MBA is known as the "favored son of heaven" and "management elite", and has become a special figure admired and admired by the business community and even the society, and even regarded as a "business hero" in the eyes of the public. According to statistics, the general manager, chairman and other senior executives of the 500 largest companies in the United States are mostly MBA. This amazing fact is the best explanation for the successful performance of MBA education. MBA means superior ability, courage and morality; Represents wealth, status, power and honor; It symbolizes hope, success and brilliance.
The seventies and eighties can be said to be the golden age of MBA in the world. Western countries, led by the United States, have a good economic situation, and enterprises need a large number of management talents, especially business school graduates from famous universities, so there is a phenomenon that MBA degrees are in short supply. Strong supply-demand ratio and generous salary attract students to flock to study for MBA. Well-known and unknown universities all over the world offer MBA courses one after another, while in the United States, there are countless MBA courses, which leads to the emergence of flooding. In all fairness, due to factors such as teachers, library equipment and students' weak academic foundation, the quality of MBA courses in some institutions does exist problems. The peak of MBA was in the late 1980s. By 199 1, the number of MBA students began to decline slightly. Later, several universities innovated MBA courses, and 1993 began to recruit students again.
Criticism of foreign (especially American) MBA courses has always existed in the past, but it has been particularly severe in recent years. Some criticisms come from corporate executives, while others are scholars who teach in business schools. The focus of criticism is that the MBA talents trained by various institutions can not meet the requirements of the business community. To put it simply, the business talents needed by the business community should have the following abilities: leadership, problem-solving ability, communication ability and teamwork spirit.
Among many scholars, henry mintzberg, a famous professor of management at McGill University, has received the most criticism in recent years. He believes: "MBA graduates are like mercenaries. With a few exceptions, they have no sense of responsibility for any industry or enterprise. These MBA courses have created a wrong set of corporate values. " His criticism of the famous Harvard Business School's "pure" case teaching method is particularly fierce. He thinks that the case teaching method is only to train people to speak rashly about things they know almost nothing about (see MBA News, 1993 1 1). In addition, some critics believe that the case teaching method of Harvard Business School emphasizes individual performance rather than teamwork, and it emphasizes individual competition rather than teamwork encouraged by grading method (students with low grades in each class account for 10%), which leads to bad consequences for enterprises (see Business Weekly, 1993 July 19).
In addition to the above, other criticisms of management education (including MBA and BBA) include the following points: fragmented curriculum, poor communication skills of graduates and lack of business ethics.
In response to criticism, famous business schools have reflected on MBA courses and made a series of innovations:
(1) The MBA course is designed according to the principle of integration, and it is not taught independently according to function, among which Babson College in the United States is effective. The Business School of Indiana University has also reorganized and integrated the courses to reduce duplication and make the textbooks more logical. According to relevant data, Harvard Business School condensed eleven required courses in the first year of MBA into four comprehensive courses (see MBA News, 1993 1 1). The University of Minnesota also began to integrate MBA courses in September, 1993, which is divided into three "cores": basic core, functional core and leadership core.
(B) Pay attention to team spirit: The establishment of team culture has become the mainstream concept of MBA courses. Indiana University requires students to cooperate in groups both inside and outside class. Harvard University has also increased the number of team projects in the first year of MBA by 25%, and stipulated that the number of team cooperative research projects should reach a minimum. In addition, it will also change the grading meeting of subjects and reduce the fierce competition among students at present.
(3) Pay attention to the training of students' "soft" skills. Several universities in the United States have carefully designed some related courses (especially behavioral science) and conducted experiments, such as training soft leadership skills through semester research plans, class reports, interpersonal activities, etc. The MBA program of the Chinese University of Hong Kong also requires full-time students in the new two years to attend a week-long course offered by the Outward Bound School to train students' perseverance, leadership and team spirit, with remarkable results.
(D) Pay attention to the cultivation of business ethics: Paying attention to business ethics is a major trend of global MBA courses. The MBA course of ISA in France even adopts a novel method to send students to a monastery in the Alps for moral training. The school does not think that adding moral concepts to some MBA courses can make students more business-oriented.
(e) Pay attention to the training of communication skills: Tucker School of Business of Dartmouth University and new york University have hired special professors to teach management communication skills.
(6) Curriculum globalization: Under the guidance of AACSB, the organization responsible for evaluating quality, American business schools have made their courses more international and global, and this trend began in the mid-1980s. At present, Business School (LBS) and INSEAD, famous French universities, both flaunt their internationalization in terms of courses and student composition.
These are the major trends in the development of MBA courses, which are responses to critics. It can be predicted that future MBA courses will be more practical, rigorous and rational.
After MBA was introduced into China, it was quickly combined with the reality in China, resulting in EMBA, PMBA, SMBA, IMBA, BIMBA and so on. The momentum is huge, like a single spark, and it has become a prairie fire.
Supplement;
The difference between MBA and MBA
First of all, the application conditions are different. As long as the MBA meets the national unified registration conditions, that is to say, both fresh graduates and on-the-job personnel can apply for the exam. To apply for an MBA, one must have three years or more work experience after graduating from university; Persons with 5 years or above working experience after graduating from junior college; Persons who have obtained master's degree or doctor's degree and have two years or more work experience (graduation date to admission date).
Secondly, the examination subjects are different. The entrance examination of MBA should take the entrance examination of 62 pilot universities in China, and the entrance examination subjects are politics, mathematics, English, management, Chinese and logic.
Third, the difficulty of the test questions is different. Generally speaking, it is more difficult to take the unified national entrance examination for MBA in English and mathematics than MBA. However, due to the sharp increase in the number of MBA applicants in China in recent years, the competition has become increasingly fierce.
Fourth, the training methods are different. MBA students are generally trained by the state, with a monthly subsidy of more than 200 yuan, as well as entrusted and self-funded students. All MBA students are self-funded or entrusted by the company.
Fifth, the training objectives are different. The training goal of MBA is excellent entrepreneurs and practitioners. For example, MBA graduates from Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management should be competent for middle and senior positions in industrial and commercial enterprises and economic management departments, and they are compound talents who can adapt to the fierce competition in the future society. The MBA program of Guanghua School of Management of Peking University is aimed at multinational corporations, large state-owned enterprises, large private enterprises and large financial institutions. Guanghua School of Management is committed to helping the management team of multinational companies localize, the management of national enterprises internationalize and the management of private enterprises modernize. Therefore, MBA courses pay attention to practicality. The master of business administration should not only train the actual managers of enterprises, but also attach importance to the theoretical education of management science for students and train successors for the development of disciplines.
Under normal circumstances, MBA graduates have a solid theoretical foundation, and MBA students can quickly adapt to the actual work of enterprises because they have considerable practical experience before entering school and pay attention to the combination of practice in the learning process.
MBA is the first widely accepted international degree. MBA is a graduate degree, which is the most needed quality, knowledge and academic standard for MBA. Generally, you have to have the first degree to enter MBA study, except for a few people with rich professional experience.
MBA is a degree with work experience. After three years of professional experience, it is regarded as a career accelerator or a means of transformation.
The MBA course covers all the main functions of modern management, such as accounting, finance, marketing and sales, logistics (production) management, information system management, law, human resource management and so on. It also provides basic economic and quantitative analysis. The course is very comprehensive, including industrial and commercial policies and strategies. In addition, the course also requires students to acquire knowledge and skills of integrating theory with practice, such as decision-making ability, teamwork, leadership ability, entrepreneurial potential, negotiation ability, communication and reporting ability. In the process of learning, students should have elective preferences and choose majors.
The minimum study period of MBA is full-time one year or corresponding on-the-job study time weight. The MBA needs at least 400 hours of classroom study, and the whole course needs at least 1200 hours of personal homework. MBA programs require a thirst for knowledge and personal dedication and efforts.
Entering the MBA program must go through a rigorous screening process to ensure that only those qualified candidates can get an MBA degree. All students must pass strict examination, marking and grading to ensure that the learning objectives can meet the standards of MBA degree.
Not all business schools can meet these standards. If they can't meet these standards, they can't be called a real MBA.
MBA stands for Master of Business Administration in English and MBA in Chinese. MBA is the product of market economy. It trains high-quality and leading professional enterprise management talents to master multidisciplinary knowledge and management skills such as production, finance, finance, marketing, economic regulations and international business, and has strategic planning vision and keen insight. MBA degree is a degree that pays attention to the cultivation of compound and comprehensive talents, and it is a degree that ability cultivation is more important than knowledge transmission. It teaches "management" facing actual combat, not "management" focusing on research. It requires its graduates to have adaptability, predictive ability, comprehensive ability and organizational ability to develop and win in the ever-changing world market and international competition. Its course content involves management, economics, finance, finance, law and so on. Ability training not only pays attention to organizational and leadership skills, but also involves eloquence-based communication skills, the ability to grasp the overall situation, think sharply, judge and deal with problems.
MBA is the first widely accepted international degree. MBA is a graduate degree, which is the most needed quality, knowledge and academic standard for MBA. Generally, you have to have the first degree to enter MBA study, except for a few people with rich professional experience.
MBA is a degree with work experience. After three years of professional experience, it is regarded as a career accelerator or a means of transformation.
The MBA course covers all the main functions of modern management, such as accounting, finance, marketing and sales, logistics (production) management, information system management, law, human resource management and so on. It also provides basic economic and quantitative analysis. The course is very comprehensive, including industrial and commercial policies and strategies. In addition, the course also requires students to acquire knowledge and skills of integrating theory with practice, such as decision-making ability, teamwork, leadership ability, entrepreneurial potential, negotiation ability, communication and reporting ability. In the process of learning, students should have elective preferences and choose majors.
The minimum study period of MBA is full-time one year or corresponding on-the-job study time weight. The MBA needs at least 400 hours of classroom study, and the whole course needs at least 1200 hours of personal homework. MBA programs require a thirst for knowledge and personal dedication and efforts.
Entering the MBA program must go through a rigorous screening process to ensure that only those qualified candidates can get an MBA degree. All students must pass strict examination, marking and grading to ensure that the learning objectives can meet the standards of MBA degree.
Not all business schools can meet these standards. If they can't meet these standards, they can't be called a real MBA.
The difference between MBA and MBA
First of all, the application conditions are different. As long as the MBA meets the national unified registration conditions, that is to say, both fresh graduates and on-the-job personnel can apply for the exam. To apply for an MBA, one must have three years or more work experience after graduating from university; Persons with 5 years or above working experience after graduating from junior college; Persons who have obtained master's degree or doctor's degree and have two years or more work experience (graduation date to admission date).
Secondly, the examination subjects are different. The entrance examination of MBA should take the entrance examination of 62 pilot universities in China, and the entrance examination subjects are politics, mathematics, English, management, Chinese and logic.
Third, the difficulty of the test questions is different. Generally speaking, it is more difficult to take the unified national entrance examination for MBA in English and mathematics than MBA. However, due to the rapid increase in the number of MBA applicants in China in recent years, the competition has become increasingly fierce.
Fourth, the training methods are different. MBA students are generally trained by the state, with a monthly subsidy of more than 200 yuan, as well as entrusted and self-funded students. All MBA students are self-funded or entrusted by the company.
Fifth, the training objectives are different. The training goal of MBA is excellent entrepreneurs and practitioners. For example, MBA graduates from Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management should be competent for middle and senior positions in industrial and commercial enterprises and economic management departments, and they are compound talents who can adapt to the fierce competition in the future society. The MBA program of Guanghua School of Management of Peking University is aimed at multinational corporations, large state-owned enterprises, large private enterprises and large financial institutions. Guanghua School of Management is committed to helping the management team of multinational companies localize, the management of national enterprises internationalize and the management of private enterprises modernize. Therefore, MBA courses pay attention to practicality. The master of business administration should not only train the actual managers of enterprises, but also attach importance to the theoretical education of management science for students and train successors for the development of disciplines.
Under normal circumstances, MBA graduates have a solid theoretical foundation, and MBA students can quickly adapt to the actual work of enterprises because they have considerable practical experience before entering school and pay attention to the combination of practice in the learning process. Words and characters
Common words and phrases in MBA English interview
References:
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nature
Smart ability combined with flexible learning ability is healthy.
Mature, energetic, honest and stable personality.
High sense of responsibility, resourcefulness, excellent expression and communication skills.
Strong innovation ability and technical initiative.
Good analytical mind, able to solve complex problems.
Mature problem solving/analytical skills, keen and positive, easy to get along with people.
Strong technical and commercial awareness, strong negotiation and communication skills, cheerful personality.
initiative
For the future
Self-motivated, ambitious and determined to succeed; Career ambition; Ambitious, capable and eager for rapid development; Aggressive
The way of doing things
Good organization and hard-working spirit, good bilingual interpersonal skills, strong interpersonal skills, hard-working like to work with people, strong leadership, strong team spirit, able to work under high pressure and time constraints, result-oriented commitment to finish the work on time, good team spirit and good personnel management skills.
Language ability & lt words used to describe language ability & gt；;
Common adjectives, nouns and adverbs
Good work, above average proficiency, excellent, effective, fluent, familiar and fluent.
Example:
1. oral and written English.
2. Good English communication skills, able to understand and write English.
3. Proficient in written and oral English and Chinese.
4. Chinese and English communication and organizational skills are above average.
5. Excellent understanding of English
6. Ability to communicate orally and in writing in English.
7. Proficient in English and Chinese
8. Be able to communicate and translate in English and Chinese.
9. Fluent in English
10. Familiar with English for Science and Technology
1 1. Fluent in English
Computer knowledge < words used to describe computer level >;
Common adjectives
High level, solid, skilled, educated and experienced.
Example:
1. Microcomputer and software programming knowledge
2. Solid computer knowledge and experience
3. Experience in computer operation, proficient in using Microsoft Windows, Word and Excel.
4. Proficient in computer operation
5. Rich experience in system development, including system analysis and design.
6. Proficient in computer network and office software
7. Solid personal computer operation knowledge
8. Skillful use of computers
9. Proficient in Chinese and English computers
10. Be familiar with Lotus 123 or other related financial software.
1 1. Experience in Oracle, Informix or Syba-se and U-NIX.
Professional experience < words used to describe work experience >
1. Have international sales experience and the ability to produce results.
2. Experience in working in a multinational environment.
3. Market-oriented, understand the transportation documents and some technical background.
4. Experience in auditing, cost accounting and taxation.
5. Familiar with or interested in international trade issues.
6.2 years working experience in business and consumer goods.
7. 1-2 years of marketing experience in advertising and promotion
8. Experience in computerization of financial functions
9. Media planning or serving international customers
10. Employee management experience
1 1. Network business experience
12. Shop assistant experience
13.3 years working experience as a production and operation supervisor.
14. Excellent administrative accounting experience
Position < Various positions >
Business and accounting < business accounting position >
Certified Public Accountant
Chief accountant
Accounting analyst
accounting assistant
Accounting staff
Accounting manager
accounting personnel
accountant officer
Bond analyst
Bond trader
Export sales manager
Exporter
Financial analyst
Finance Director
Management < management work >
administrative assistant
Administration Manager
Administrative service manager
administrator
Administrative clerk
administrative staff
Technology and engineering < technical engineering position >
Production inspector
film producer
schoduler
production principle
project personnel
QC inspector
building engineer
Programming engineer