Discussion on fuel-saving driving technology of automobile
The global energy shortage is very severe, and various energy-saving technologies and measures have become the focus of research in various countries. However, because the energy situation in China is not optimistic, the proportion of automobile energy consumption is increasing, and China's oil is mainly imported from abroad, so energy conservation is a top priority for China. There are three main factors affecting automobile fuel consumption: vehicle technology, road environmental conditions and automobile use. The driver's manipulation behavior, that is, driving, is the key link that affects the fuel consumption of the car in use. This paper analyzes the factors influencing automobile fuel consumption, and probes into the commonly used fuel-saving measures for driving at present.
Cars; Fuel saving; Driving skills; Fuel saving measures
1. Key factors affecting automobile fuel consumption
1. 1 driver's driving habits
The driver's driving skill level will lead to how much fuel consumption. With more and more cars entering families, there are more and more non-professional drivers in China, and some drivers' bad driving habits will lead to increased fuel consumption. Skilled drivers save 8%- 10% more fuel than ordinary drivers. If the vehicle is overweight, it will also consume more fuel during driving. Some drivers are used to using the trunk as a storage room, and some unnecessary daily necessities are piled up in the car. These are all factors that lead to a lot of fuel consumption. In addition, be sure to be gentle when refueling the door, and don't slam on the accelerator. If you slam on the accelerator or brake after the vehicle stops, it will increase the fuel consumption of the vehicle. Don't drive too fast. When stopping at a red light, you should collect oil in advance and try to reduce the number of brakes.
1.2 engine technology
The engine is the heart and core part of the car, so the quality of the engine is directly related to the performance of the car itself. At present, the technology of automobile engine is very mature, among which the research on engine economy by Japanese automobile companies is particularly prominent. Compared with foreign mature engine manufacturers, there is still a big gap between China and them in technology, and the core technology of the engine has not yet been mastered. At present, gasoline engines are widely used in vehicles, but compared with diesel engines, they are far less efficient in combustion and therefore less energy-saving. Therefore, diesel engine can be the first choice for passenger cars in the future, and it is also a key point in the study of energy-saving technology.
1.3 drag coefficient of car body
Wind resistance is the resistance from the air when the vehicle is running, and the body quality is the direct cause of wind resistance. If the car runs at a low speed, the wind resistance has little effect on the fuel consumption of the car, but if the car runs at a high speed, the fuel consumed by the wind resistance of the car body will far exceed the fuel consumed by the car to overcome the ground friction. Therefore, it is an important way to save energy to reduce the resistance coefficient of vehicles during driving. The measures to reduce the drag coefficient include reducing the weight of the vehicle itself and designing the body to be streamlined, which can reduce the air resistance and help the vehicle to save energy.
2. Fuel-saving methods for car driving
2. 1 Improve driving skills
The driver's driving skill level is the biggest factor affecting automobile fuel consumption, so it is very effective for drivers to master reasonable driving methods for energy saving.
2. 1. 1 pre-combustion insulation
Controlling engine temperature can effectively reduce fuel consumption. Under normal circumstances, the engine temperature should be controlled between 80oC and 90oC. If the engine temperature is too high, not only the fuel can not be fully burned, but also the lubricating effect of the engine oil will be reduced, which will increase the friction coefficient and cause greater resistance when the machine is running, thus further increasing the fuel consumption. Usually, when the temperature is high in summer, the warm-up time of the car will be greatly shortened. Generally 1-2rain is enough to start the car and warm it up. But in winter, because the outdoor temperature is too low, the warm-up time of the car will be longer, so let the car drive slowly for two kilometers and naturally heat up. The purpose of this is to reduce the wear of the engine, make the lubrication system work better, and finally achieve the purpose of energy saving.
2. 1.2 started successfully
The start of the car includes two parts: flat start and slope start. When the car starts on a level road, first step on the clutch pedal with your left foot and set the gear at 1. Then slowly lift the clutch pedal with your left foot, lightly step on the accelerator with your right leg, and then slowly lift the clutch pedal. After the car starts smoothly, change the gear to second gear and try not to drive in low gear. In the process of automobile starting, smooth starting, good coordination between engine speed and vehicle speed and reasonable range can achieve good fuel-saving effect.
2. 1.3 driving at medium speed
The driver should drive the vehicle at an economical speed according to the road conditions and the load of the vehicle. The driver may not be familiar with the road conditions when actually driving the vehicle, and may not be sure whether the vehicle is driving at an economical speed. At this time, the driver can refer to the engine speed to see whether the engine speed is in the economic speed. Usually, the engine is the most fuel-efficient when it is running at a medium speed.
2.2 Develop good vehicle maintenance habits.
2.2. 1 engine
The engine is the heart of a car. If the engine is damaged, it will directly affect the service life, fuel consumption and performance of the car. Common engine failures are mainly caused by the following eight reasons: untimely maintenance, oil deterioration and poor oil filter element, air filter element blockage, dirty intake pipe, excessive sludge in crankcase, poor maintenance of fuel system, rust and scaling of water tank and poor cooling system. The air filter element should be cleaned regularly, and the air intake pipeline should be cleaned frequently to ensure smooth air intake and full fuel combustion.
2.2.2 Maintain standard tire pressure and correct front wheel alignment.
It is necessary to get into the habit of checking the tire pressure regularly. If the pressure in the tire is too high, it will easily lead to a puncture and accelerate the loss of the shock absorber. However, if the pressure in the tire is too low, it will increase the friction between the tire and the ground during rolling, resulting in tire loss and more fuel consumption. In addition, correct front wheel alignment must be ensured. If the toe-in is unbalanced, colleagues who are increasing tire wear will also increase the resistance of the vehicle when driving, and the fuel consumption will also increase.
2.2.3 oil replacement and selection
When changing the oil, we usually pay attention to two indicators: the grade and viscosity of the oil. If the viscosity of oil is high, the fluidity of oil will be poor and a lot of energy may be lost. Therefore, this kind of engine oil is more suitable for high temperature and heavy load. It is more suitable to use diluted engine oil at low temperature and low load.
2.3 Develop good driving habits
When driving a vehicle, the driver should always pay attention to the road conditions and try to reduce emergency braking, slamming on the accelerator or turning sharply. When driving a vehicle on the road, the driver should not only look at the vehicle in front, but also always pay attention to the driving situation of the first two or three vehicles. Once an accident happens, they can take avoidance measures in advance. Vehicles should not drive at low speed; Usually, when the car warms up, you can drive slowly for two kilometers to naturally heat up. The purpose of this is to reduce the wear of the engine, make the lubrication system work better, and finally achieve the purpose of energy saving.
2.4 Driving temperature control
Driving temperature includes cooling water temperature, engine oil temperature and gear oil temperature, among which engine cooling water temperature has great influence on vehicle fuel consumption. Normal engine cooling water temperature can maintain good engine power and economy. Fill the fuel tank for the first time, record the mileage, then fill the fuel tank again, record the fuel quantity this time and the mileage that can be driven this time, subtract the mileage recorded for the second time from the mileage recorded for the first time to get a difference, divide it by the fuel quantity for the second time, and the value obtained is multiplied by 100, which is the actual fuel consumption (fuel quantity? Kilometers? 100= fuel consumption per 100 kilometers), or you can get multiple sets of data through this experiment, and average these data to get the average fuel consumption. Fuel economy is a knowledge involving many factors. Therefore, how to save automobile fuel cannot be limited to one point or one aspect.
2.5 Rational use of automobile air conditioning
When the vehicle speed is lower than 60km/h, you can open the window for ventilation, or only use the ventilation function of the air conditioner without turning on the refrigeration function of the air conditioner, so that the compressor of the air conditioner will not start and the power of the engine will not be consumed, saving fuel. When the vehicle speed exceeds 80km/h, you should close the window and turn on the air conditioner to adjust the air inside the car, so as to avoid increasing the air resistance when opening the window, and the air conditioner temperature should not be set too low, based on the principle of human comfort.
summary
Due to the rapid development of China automobile industry and the increasing use of private cars, the gap between oil supply and demand has widened. Statistics show that 60% of crude oil is refined into gasoline, which is consumed by more and more cars. Driving energy-saving can not only save fuel and reduce exhaust emissions, but also effectively reduce the occurrence of road traffic accidents, reduce the wear and tear of parts and improve the service life of vehicles. Therefore, the research on automobile energy-saving technology is very important for the development of China automobile industry.
refer to
[1] Zhang Dazhang. On fuel-saving skills in automobile driving [J]. Enterprise technology development, 20 1 1(3).
[2] Wu Haosi. Automobile driving and maintenance technology [M]. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology Press, 2007.
[3] Shi Jianhai. On the influence of automobile driving technology and automobile fuel consumption [J]. China Electronic Commerce, 20 1 1(5).
[4] Ceng Cheng, Cai Fengtian, Li Liu and so on. Analysis of fuel consumption of automobiles under different driving modes [J]. Automobile Energy Saving, 20 10(2).
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