First, the general procedure of graduation thesis defense for in-service graduate students
Students must submit their graduation thesis in triplicate, together with the outline and draft, to the instructor half a month before the thesis defense meeting, and draw up the questions and answers that need to be asked.
2。 At the defense meeting, let students spend about 15 minutes to summarize the topic and the reasons for choosing the topic, and introduce the main arguments, arguments and writing experience of the paper in detail.
3。 The main defense teacher asks questions, and the main defense teacher usually asks three questions. After the teacher asks questions, students can prepare 15-20 minutes by themselves, and then answer them on the spot. According to the specific situation of students' answers, the main defense teacher and other defense teachers can ask appropriate questions at any time.
4。 After the students answered all the questions one by one, they left. According to the quality of the paper and the defense situation, the defense Committee collectively decides whether to pass or not, and draws up scores and comments.
5。 When recalling students, the main defense teacher should summarize the situation in the process of thesis and defense for students, affirm their advantages and disadvantages, point out their mistakes or shortcomings, make necessary supplements and guidance, and announce the approval or disapproval of students at the same time.
As for the results of the paper, it is generally not announced on the spot.
Second, the main defense teacher's questioning method
1。 Questions should follow the principle of easy before difficult.
Generally, the main defense teacher will ask each respondent three or more questions, and it is best to ask these questions in the order from easy to difficult.
The first question asked should generally be considered as a question that students can answer and answer well.
When students answer the first question well, they will relax their nervousness and enhance their confidence that they can answer well, which will help them to play their normal level in the defense of the next few questions.
2。 Ask questions step by step.
In order to correctly test students' mastery of professional basic knowledge, it is sometimes necessary to divide a big question into several small questions and ask questions step by step.
3。 When the respondent's point of view is different from his own, we should discuss with him with a gentle attitude and a tone of discussion, that is, we should be "elders" and practice our skills to avoid condescending and insulting words.
Don't pretend to be the master of "truth" and easily use negative judgments such as "wrong", "wrong" and "fallacy".
Remember the adage that "what is right is not necessarily right, and what is wrong may be right" and have a good opinion.
You don't have to impose your own views on others, just take your own views out for the other party's reference.
4。 When students can't answer questions to the point or can't answer them for a while, heuristic and guided questioning methods should be adopted.
Teachers who have participated in the thesis defense Committee may have encountered such a situation: students can't answer the questions raised, and some just "stay" helplessly; Some are rambling and beating around the bush, but in fact he doesn't know the answer.
In this case, the defense teacher can neither make the students embarrassed to "stay" nor let them talk to each other, but should enlighten or guide them in time.
Only through inspiration and guidance can we judge that he really doesn't have this knowledge when he still can't answer and get to the point.
Third, students should pay attention to defense.
In order to successfully pass the defense and truly show their level in the defense, students should not only make full preparations before the defense, but also understand and master the essentials and art of the defense.
(1) Bring necessary materials and supplies: First, students should bring papers and main reference materials when attending the defense meeting.
At the defense meeting, after the main defense teacher asks questions, students can prepare for a certain period of time and then answer them face to face. In this case, the necessity of bringing papers and main reference materials is self-evident. Secondly, they should also bring pens and notebooks to record the questions and valuable opinions and opinions raised by the main defense teacher.
By recording, you can not only ease your nervousness, but also better understand the key and essence of the teacher's question. At the same time, you can think while recording and make the thinking process natural.
(2) Be confident and don't be nervous: on the basis of full preparation, don't be nervous. It is very important to have self-confidence, build up confidence and eliminate tension and panic, because excessive tension will make the questions that can be answered impossible.
Only when you are confident and calm can you perform well in defense, and self-confidence mainly comes from adequate preparation in advance.
(3) After listening to the question clearly, think about it before answering. When the teacher asks questions, students should concentrate on listening carefully, write down the answers in the notebook, carefully scrutinize the key and essence of the teacher's questions, and avoid rushing to answer without knowing the meaning of the questions.
If you are not clear about the question, you can ask the teacher to say it again.
If you don't understand some concepts in the question, you can ask the teacher to explain it, or you can express your understanding of the question, and ask if it means this, and then answer it after you get a positive answer.
Only in this way can we avoid answering irrelevant questions and get to the point.
(4) Answering questions should be concise and clear: after knowing the exact meaning of the questions raised by the main defense teacher, you should respond in a short time, speak your thoughts confidently in fluent language and affirmative tone, and do not hesitate.
To answer questions, first, we must grasp the key points, be concise and to the point, and don't ramble, so that people can't get to the point after listening; Second, strive to be objective, comprehensive and dialectical, leaving room to avoid saying "death"; Third, we should analyze the words in detail, with clear levels, clear words, moderate voice and so on.
(5) Don't argue with unanswerable questions: Sometimes the teachers of the defense committee are not satisfied with the answers given by the respondents, and will ask further questions to find out whether the author really understands and grasps this question. In this case, if the respondent is sure to explain clearly, he can state the reasons for his defense; If you are not sure, you can try to answer carefully and answer as much as you can, even if it is not exact, it doesn't matter. As long as it is related to the question, the teacher will guide you to the point. If it's really a problem you haven't figured out, you should be realistic and explain that you haven't figured it out, and say that you must study this problem carefully in the future, and you can't argue irrationally and quibble.