Parallel decomposition is to decompose the central argument from different sides. We have always divided argumentation into three parts: asking questions (what), analyzing questions (why) and solving problems (how), but we don't have to explain all three questions clearly, we can choose one of them and start from different sides.

1. What is parallel decomposition? Mainly answer questions about categories and properties, which can be called classes for short.

What is has two aspects, one is connotation and the other is extension. What is decomposition? We can start from these two aspects.

The first is the connotation angle. For example, the topic self-mockery can be broken down like this:

Self-mockery is a shrewd concession; Self-mockery is the courage to face shortcomings; Self-mockery is the wisdom of survival.

Courage is a wealth and immoral quality. Courage is poverty and unshakable personality. Courage is unyielding integrity.

The second is the extension angle. For example, the topic "Shoulder" in Liaoning in 2006 can be expanded into three sub-arguments:

(1) shoulders loaded with happiness, shoulders worried about family;

2 shoulders carry happiness, and shoulders are the sustenance of friendship;

3 shoulders are loaded with sweetness, and shoulders are love.

What is a smile? Smile is an air potion to resolve contradictions. Smiling is a friendly and simple way of communication. Smile is a symbol of peace and a carrier of friendship.

2. Decompose why side by side, mainly answer the question of reason and purpose, referred to as reason for short. It is to take the central argument as a conclusion to trace the conditions and reasons of this conclusion.

This is the decomposition of causality. After putting forward the central argument, it explains the establishment of the central argument from different aspects. If you write a composition on the topic "Poverty is also a fortune", the topic has already indicated the central argument, so the sub-argument can be designed like this:

(1) Poverty can urge people who are willing to work hard to change their destiny. If they are poor, they will think about change;

Poverty can cultivate people's will and perseverance;

Poverty can increase people's abilities, and many people's abilities are tempered in difficulties.

Example 1 "safety" center: safety is the premise of ensuring production.

Without security, production will be threatened.

(2) without security, workers' lives cannot be guaranteed.

③ Without security, the long-term profit target cannot be achieved.

General argument: We need to smile in life.

Argument: ① Smile lubricates the feelings between people and shortens the distance between people.

Smile is the reflection of optimism in people's hearts, which makes us bravely face the ups and downs of life.

Smile is the most beautiful symbol, which can avoid tragedy and disaster.

General argument: Smile is the most beautiful symbol.

Argument: ① Let us smile! It's a smile that makes us bathe in the fragrance of love and live in harmony.

Let's smile! It is a smile that makes the short and uneven journey of life full of happiness.

Let's smile! This is a smile, let's save the soul that is going to evil or has gone to evil.

General argument: Smile is the most beautiful symbol.

Argument: ① Smile is the most beautiful symbol, because it can resolve the contradiction between people.

Smile is the most beautiful symbol, because it can give people confidence and stimulate the spark of progress.

Smile is the most beautiful symbol, because it allows people to embrace tomorrow's sun and overcome everything that is unfavorable to them.

3. How to do parallel decomposition and how to do it mainly answer questions about methods and ways, which can be referred to as law for short.

This is decomposed from the way of solving problems, such as the topic of life addition and subtraction:

(1) in the face of life's addition and subtraction, with a cool heart;

(2) In the face of the addition and subtraction of life, we should add a little natural elegance;

In the face of life's addition and subtraction, it is very important to stick to yourself.

Example 1. The central argument about emotions is that people should have emotions.

If people want to have a high spirit, they must be indomitable and not afraid of wind, frost and cold rain. If people want to have a high spirit, they must be brave and not afraid to sacrifice setbacks. If people want to have a high spirit, they must be confident and optimistic, and laugh at the ups and downs of life.

Example 2. face life with a smile

We laugh at life, but also need to look back smartly and bid farewell to yesterday's sadness.

We laugh at life, we need to cheer up and accept new challenges.

(3) We laugh at life, and we need to have an open mind to face the success of others.

Example 3. Face life with a smile

When you face life with a smile, you should face the gains and losses in life calmly.

Facing life with a smile, we should not only have a calm mind, but also have an excellent vision.

Example 4. Learn to appreciate others.

Learn to appreciate others and ask yourself to have an open-minded and cheerful style.

Learn to appreciate others, try to find the bright spots in others, and learn from them.

Learn to appreciate others, help each other, learn from each other, learn from each other's strengths and improve together.

To ward off evil spirits and do good deeds (1), we should start with small things.

② There must be a clear view of right and wrong in doing good.

It takes courage to eliminate evil and do good.

4. What will be the result? It mainly answers questions about results and efficiency (meaning, function, value and influence), which can be called results.

Talking about Passion ① Only when people have passion can they have an open mind.

Only when people are full of energy can they be remembered through the ages.

(3) People have spirit, which can be destroyed and pressured.

Cherish possession ① Cherish possession to feel happy.

Only by cherishing what you have can you grasp happiness.

Cherish what you have, and life can be colorful.

Second, progressive decomposition

1. Step by step.

Argumentative writing is generally written according to the steps of what to write, why to write and how to write. In fact, it is a progressive relationship, interlocking and gradually solving the three problems of argumentative writing. Although you can concentrate on writing clearly in any aspect, you can also write comprehensively and in detail in all three aspects. Taking the addition and subtraction of topic life as an example, it can be broken down as follows:

What is this? Facing the addition and subtraction of life, we should be more natural and elegant and less artificial.

② Why: Because a materialistic society needs to resist temptation, stick to the true self, reject vulgarity and pursue sublimity.

(3) How: You should be born in seclusion, and you should be active when you join the WTO.

2. Progressive according to the connotation of the argument.

As far as the connotation of the argument is concerned, the connotation of the argument itself is progressive, mainly manifested in the degree of understanding of things, from the outside to the inside, from the shallow to the deep, step by step, and finally reveal the essence of things deeply. For example, the topic, a candidate should ask to open the door to truth as an argument, and then break it down into three sub-arguments:

(1) Good question, that is, there is a curiosity and exploration desire for all unknowns and doubts, which is the basis of asking questions;

(2) Dare to ask questions, that is, dare to challenge authority and rules in order to know the truth, which is the development of questioning;

(3) Only by asking questions can we really find the truth, which is the purpose of asking.

The article is gradually developed from three aspects: curiosity, daring to ask questions and knowing how to ask questions. From the foundation to the development to the purpose, the truth of the question was deeply revealed layer by layer, and the argument was rigorous and powerful.

Third, dialectical decomposition.

Dialectical decomposition needs a split point of view to look at things, that is, we should not only see the positive side of things, but also see the shortcomings of things themselves through the essence of things, that is, the negative side of things, so as to prevent a blind eye or go too far, make an objective and fair evaluation, and make the argument more convincing.

Can be a comparative expansion of sub-arguments. For example, the composition "Say a Word" in Beijing in 2005 can be broken down into:

(1) We like safety and long for it;

(2) Be alert to safety again, and don't think that one day's greed for safety blinded our eyes;

③ Life and country must carefully choose the word "An".

It can also be an internal dialectical analysis of sub-arguments. An article "What to forget, what to remember" is broken down like this:

(1) Forget the hard work while waiting, and remember the happiness of the process;

2 forget the humbleness of work and remember the greatness of dedication;

(3) Forget wealth and remember responsibility;

Forget the cold and darkness, but remember the warmth.

Fourthly, metaphor decomposition.

This is a way to break the abstraction into images. The argument is not expressed directly, but through the vehicle, which makes the article appear subtle and profound. Of course, this is not the main form of argument decomposition, but it is very interesting and can increase the image of the composition.

If the topic is reading, some candidates will set the central argument as: reading, a key. Then break it down into:

1 reading, a key, a key that can open the heart;

2 reading, a key, a key to understanding others;

3 reading, a key, a magical key that can open the dark world of the mind;

4 reading, a key, a key to explore the unknown world.

Mastering the above decomposition method, it should be said that writing can not only focus on the central argument, completely prevent digression, but also fully mobilize thinking, advance to depth and breadth, and make the article swaying.