List of main references:
(1) Make a comprehensive list of documents that are of reference value to the opening report, which involves references to other people's academic viewpoints or academic achievements;
(2) References should be listed in the order in which they appear in the opening report;
(4) References should reflect new academic achievements at home and abroad, and generally there should be about 1/2 foreign documents.
Model essay on opening thesis of preschool education 3
The scope of children's art education is very extensive, including children's art, children's music, children's songs and dances, children's performances, children's literature, children's movies and television, children's calligraphy, children's books and so on. It is not only an integral part of preschool education, but also the primary stage of art education. It is correct to take children's all-round physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic education as the goal of children's art education.
Modern preschool art education in China began in the 1920s and developed after the founding of New China. Once influenced by the Soviet education model, it paid too much attention to sex and ignored individuality. The guiding ideology of children's art education in China is embodied in the elaboration of kindergarten music art education in the Kindergarten Education Outline:
Teach children shallow knowledge and skills of singing and dancing. Initially cultivate children's interest in music and dance and sense of rhythm. Develop children's sensibility, memory, imagination and expressive ability to music. Cultivate children's temperament and character.
On the basis of observing the shape, color and structure of objects, train children to fully express their understanding and feelings about the life around them through painting and handwork (bricklayer, paper maker, homemade toys, etc.). ), initially cultivated their interest in art and their aesthetic ability in nature, social life and works of art. Develop children's observation, imagination and creativity, develop children's hand muscle movement coordination and flexibility, and initially master the skills of using art tools and materials.
This exposition of the Outline has played an important role in promoting the development of children's art education in China, and it still has practical guiding significance for today's children's art education. At the same time, we should also see that the development of the times, the general improvement of people's understanding of early art education, the development of economic and cultural life, and the need to discover and cultivate artistic talents all provide the possibility and premise for the further deepening and improvement of children's art education. Practice requires that children's art education should not stay above the original level, but face diversified social needs. Due to the differences in social, historical and educational conditions, our children's art education should not copy the western educational model, but should establish a clear and more perfect children's art education goal based on the national conditions and the reality of modernization.
Children's art education has certain educational functions on children's cognition, emotion, intelligence and creativity, and is willing to be accepted by children. These functions are briefly described below.
Children's art education can effectively promote children's perception and expression of beauty. Art is the most concentrated, typical and generalized form of human aesthetic consciousness. It plays an important role in cultivating children's perfect aesthetic psychological structure with art. Colorful pictures, melodious songs, fascinating stories, lively and happy dances, funny performances and strange cartoons can all arouse children's aesthetic feeling. Children's art education directly infects children in an intuitive and emotional way that conforms to the characteristics of children's thinking in images, thus cultivating children's ears with musical sense and eyes that can feel formal beauty. So that children gradually form a psychological tendency to appreciate and love beauty.
Art education for children can promote their intelligence. For children, art activities are also an interesting way to know the world around them, which can exercise children's associative ability and stimulate their imagination. In addition, in all kinds of educational activities, only art is relatively free. It can provide a concrete and realistic expression for children's imagination, so that children's imagination is free from the limitations of time and space, animate and inanimate, reality and fantasy. Many artistic activities are operational activities. In the activity, the dual functions of visual, auditory and tactile information stimulation and feedback enable children to achieve ingenuity. In short, although art education is not as direct to the development of children's intelligence as intelligence training, it can promote the improvement of children's intelligence quality in the process of growth. American psychologist Howard? Gardner studied human intelligence and put forward a theory called multiple intelligences. He believes that human beings have six kinds of intelligence: language intelligence, mathematical intelligence, music intelligence, spatial modeling intelligence, physical activity intelligence and personal intelligence to control feelings and observe other people's emotions. These six kinds of intelligence can not only play a role independently, but also cooperate with each other, which is a mixture. Art education also plays a direct or indirect role in the development of all kinds of intelligence.
Children's art education can promote children's physical and mental development. Art has a subtle influence. Healthy and beautiful works of art and artistic activities can make children get their first education unconsciously. Being polite to others, helping others, loving nature, being United and friendly, being brave and so on can almost influence children through various arts, thus promoting the development of children's moral sense and moral cognition. Art education can also promote the development and growth of children's right brain. Promote the coordination of children's hands, eyes and brain and the healthy development of small hand muscles. In terms of physical fitness, dance has the functions of bodybuilding and conveying feelings.
Children's art education can make children know artistic language, learn artistic symbols and promote artistic creativity. We say that art is a language, and all kinds of art have their own unique language, such as music. Its language is rhythm, melody, timbre and so on. The language of art is lines, colors, shapes, etc. The most beautiful music is meaningless, not an object. (Marx) And a musical ear is just music, nothing else. Therefore, the cognition of artistic language can only be cultivated through artistic education. In children's art activities, the artistic language that children can contact and master is simple, but it is the most basic element and language in all arts. Using these languages, children can express their feelings and realize artistic creation. Early childhood is the period when creativity germinates. Art activities provide an easy-to-realize form for children's creativity, which can be expressed through art, and children can build confidence in it, thus contributing to the development of children's artistic creativity.
Because of the above functions, children's art education is an indispensable part of children's education. The author believes that the purpose of children's art education can be understood as two aspects. On the one hand, it is the basic educational purpose, which can be called general purpose. The general purpose is to educate all children, which is the educational purpose that kindergarten art education must follow. On the other hand, it is the purpose of cultivating and educating children with artistic talent, which can be called special purpose. The general purpose of children's art education is not to cultivate little painters, performers, dancers and actors, but to cultivate children's interest in art, to germinate children's aesthetic consciousness through art, and to make children's cognition, emotion, intelligence and skills develop healthily through specific artistic activities. The purpose of particularity is the educational purpose of cultivating and training children with artistic talent and artistic talent. It is an educational preparation for cultivating future artistic talents. In addition to the general purpose, special attention should be paid to children's artistic creativity, artistic skills and skills learning, as well as the cultivation of aesthetic psychological structure with artistic creativity as the core.
To sum up, children's art education is a comprehensive education. It has physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic education functions. Its educational purpose should be understood as general purpose and special purpose. This kind of understanding is helpful for kindergarten art education to define its own goals, and also for early education and training of art talents, so that children's art education can develop healthily.