1. What kind of security situation is China facing?
Traditional security threats and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, which is a grim situation facing China's security. At present, China is facing not only the challenges of traditional security threats such as politics, military affairs and diplomacy, but also the challenges of non-traditional security threats such as terrorism, transnational crime, environmental pollution, natural disasters and serious infectious diseases. With the existence of separatist forces such as Taiwan independence, there are some complicated and sensitive historical and practical problems surrounding the East China Sea and the South China Sea, and the unstable and uncertain factors facing China's security situation are increasing.
The interaction between international factors and domestic factors is the characteristic of China's security problems. In the process of opening wider to the outside world, economic globalization and the continuous development of information networking, China's ties with other countries are getting closer and closer, and the flow of people and information at home and abroad is increasing and accelerating. If some domestic problems are not handled properly, they may turn into international problems, and some international problems may also lead to social stability problems and increase the complexity of maintaining national security.
With the progress of the times and the continuous expansion of national interests, new security problems that cannot be ignored have emerged in China's accelerated development. China's economy is integrated with the world economy, and the external dependence of important strategic resources such as energy is increasing. Threats such as the protection and utilization of China's marine exclusive economic zone and continental shelf, the safety of sea passages, the safety of space and information, the safety of important overseas resources, and the safety of property and life of overseas compatriots and Chinese have been very realistic before us.
Second, how to use military power to safeguard national interests under the current situation.
The new situation and new characteristics of China's security situation urgently require our army to speed up the development of its ability to respond to various security threats and complete diversified military tasks, and provide a strong security guarantee for safeguarding the important strategic opportunity period of national development, defending national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and realizing the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. To accomplish diversified military tasks, it is necessary to have diversified military capabilities.
To accomplish diversified military tasks, we must pay close attention to the development and changes of the national security situation, clarify the functions and tasks of our army, clarify the way and action style of the army to play its role, clarify the requirements of military strength construction, and effectively improve the ability to complete diversified military tasks.
It can be said that national interests run through our military's functional mission like a red line. Wherever national security interests and development interests extend, our military's ability to complete diversified military tasks should extend.
There are many ways to use military power. In the face of different security threats, we should take flexible, fast, legal and necessary military actions around the overall strategic objectives of the country to ensure the effective performance of functions and play a role. The functions of our army can be brought into play through specific combat operations, non-war military operations or paramilitary operations; Traditional military action styles such as deterrence, defense and attack can be adopted, and new military action styles such as international peacekeeping, military cooperation, military declaration, humanitarian relief and anti-terrorism struggle can also be adopted. Maintaining national security requires comprehensive use of various means, but military means are always in the core and pillar position. At the same time, in the capacity building of our army, the new characteristics of coping with crisis and containing war are highlighted.
The requirements of the army's combat effectiveness construction are diversified. In the construction of combat effectiveness, all units should organize and implement it in a focused and targeted manner according to the strategic direction they are facing, combined with strategic tasks and based on their own existing conditions. At present, the preparation for military struggle is the most important, realistic and urgent strategic task of our army. Establish the standard of fighting capacity to effectively defend the reunification of the motherland under complicated circumstances, so as to guide, promote and measure all preparations. At the same time, we should combine solving real threats with meeting future challenges. Focusing on the strategic goal of building an information-based army and winning an information-based war, we should put preparations for military struggle at the strategic height of promoting military reform with China characteristics, establish standards for building combat effectiveness of troops at different stages, levels and categories, establish development strategies of arms and services and various weapons and equipment, and test the effectiveness of military reform with the practice of military struggle preparation. Improve the quality of preparations for military struggle with the achievements of military reform, and constantly deepen the military reform with China characteristics.
He is good at observing and analyzing the security situation and thinking about handling military issues from a political perspective and the overall development of the country. Military obeys politics, and military strategy obeys and serves the overall national strategy. Nowadays, military struggle is more closely related to politics, economy, diplomacy, culture and law, and its relevance and integrity at the strategic level are increasing day by day. When analyzing and judging the situation, directing military work and directing military operations, we should not only consider the problem militarily, but also pay attention to the overall situation of political height and national interests, and see whether the work planning and guidance meet the requirements of the overall situation of national development and the needs of political and diplomatic struggles. This requires us to constantly broaden our national security vision and military strategic vision, strengthen our political awareness, overall awareness and strategic awareness, and ensure that military work plays a greater role in the overall work of the party and the state.
Adhere to the guidance of military struggle preparation and promote the all-round development of army building. The core of developing new military capabilities is to enhance the ability to win local wars under the conditions of informationization. Grasp the key points of development, coordinate the overall development, and promote the overall development with local leapfrogging. At present, we should firmly grasp the deep-seated contradictions and bottlenecks that restrict the growth of combat effectiveness, actively promote the innovation of military theory, technology, organization system and management, and make continuous breakthroughs in the construction of operational command system, the composition of combat forces, the development of weapons and equipment, military management and logistics support. The upsurge of military training in Daxing focuses on the preparation for military struggle, pays attention to classified guidance, further strengthens targeted training, actively and steadily promotes integrated training, and strives to promote the military training of our army to a higher level.
Military strength is a strong backing for safeguarding national interests and fulfilling international obligations. China adheres to the path of peaceful development, implements the strategic thinking of active defense, and always adheres to the position of self-defense militarily and always uses force cautiously. In the face of the new national security situation, we should closely combine cautious and skillful warfare, self-defense and counterattack, and the use of military force in war with the use of military force in non-war, highlight the initiative of maintaining the period of strategic opportunities, the flexibility of coping with crises and the predictability of strategic guidance, and actively expand the space for strategic operation. We should not only pay attention to the planning and implementation of the war, but also pay attention to the prevention of the crisis. Through the effective use of military means, we should strive to deter the crisis, resolve the crisis in time, effectively control the crisis, and achieve the strategic goal with appropriate military struggle actions.
Discuss the significance of military training for college students with practice.
College students' military training and military theory study is an important part of national defense education in colleges and universities, and it is also one of the important contents of patriotism education. National defense education, scientific and cultural education, ideological and moral education and psychological quality education are both related and different. The school's national defense education is embodied in centralized military training, military theory courses and various forms of national defense education at different levels, as well as extracurricular lectures, competitions, military summer camps and other military sports activities, which provide college students with a new carrier for moral, intellectual and physical education. It not only contributes to the formation of good moral character, but also broadens the knowledge of college students and strengthens their physique. In this sense, it plays an irreplaceable role in other forms of education.
Contemporary college students are active, flexible and receptive, especially those who have just entered the university. They are full of curiosity and longing for the university, and the university period is a crucial period for the transformation and formation of world outlook, outlook on life and values. There is a vast space for national defense education in colleges and universities, so that students can receive systematic national defense education in military courses and give full play to the role of national defense education in students' quality education.
Through the training of basic military skills, we can hone our will and improve our physical fitness and mental outlook. Studying hard in the cold window for more than ten years has kept them in a state of mental work for a long time. Coupled with various subjective and objective factors, there are widespread problems such as fragile psychological quality, poor eyesight and poor physical quality. Military training in colleges and universities is an integral part of higher education, and its centralized training has the characteristics of rigor, tension, unity and order. This is a challenge for college students who have just left home. Military training has well cultivated their spirit of tenacious struggle and collective cooperation, enhanced their organizational discipline and sense of collective honor, and laid a good foundation for their college life and even their future work life.
Learning military theory plays an important role in improving students' knowledge structure. Every country and nation starts from its own security and applies its latest scientific and technological achievements to national defense. By learning modern military scientific knowledge, college students can personally feel the application of their majors and knowledge in the military field, which greatly stimulates their enthusiasm and consciousness of learning modern scientific and cultural knowledge and enhances their awareness of challenging difficulties and climbing scientific peaks.
The teaching methods and means of military courses in colleges and universities are advanced and flexible. At present, the national defense education in colleges and universities basically combines theory with practice, military training with military theory, and makes teaching courseware by using multimedia teaching and combining teaching contents and requirements, which is vivid, enhances students' perceptual knowledge, provides the latest, fastest and most advanced information, and stimulates students' patriotic enthusiasm. Extracurricular national defense education activities are flexible and diverse, and the combination of knowledge and interest makes students have a strong interest, which ensures that national defense education has a stable and long-term function in colleges and universities.
"National Defense Education Law" points out: "National defense education in schools is the basis of national defense education for the whole people and an important part of implementing quality education." It is an important link to improve students' all-round quality to carry out national defense education activities in colleges and universities by students' military training, military theory teaching and extracurricular multi-level and multi-forms, and it is of far-reaching significance to do a good job in national defense education in colleges and universities.
Students are the reserve force of national defense construction. With the rapid development of military high technology, the future war is the competition between technology and talents. It is far from enough to train these talents only by military academies, and so are local academies. Young students are an important part of society and the most vivid and energetic group. Their quality and national defense concept will play a huge "radiation" role in society. As a reserve soldier, it is of great significance to improve the cultural and technological structure of modern soldiers.
Students are the future of the motherland. The moral behavior, will and morality accumulated through national defense education in schools penetrate into all fields of society, which is helpful to form good social morality and become a modern socialist newcomer in 2 1 century. It is a major event that benefits the country and the people and concerns the long-term stability of the country. Therefore, it is of far-reaching practical significance to offer military courses in colleges and universities.
Strive to embark on a leap-forward development path of national defense and army with China characteristics.
In the new century, China's national defense and army building is carried out under the background of the overall easing of the international situation, the easing of local turmoil, the building of a well-off society in an all-round way in China, and the vigorous rise of new military changes in the world. Opportunities and challenges coexist, and development and difficulties coexist. How to seize opportunities, meet challenges, overcome difficulties, and promote the development of national defense and army building is a historic task before the whole party, the whole army and the people of the whole country. The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made strategic arrangements and put forward a series of major principles, which pointed out the direction for national defense and army building in the new century.
Adhere to the party's absolute leadership over the army. The party's absolute leadership over the army is the fundamental principle and system of our army, the eternal soul of our army, and the primary issue of our army's construction and development. To uphold the party's absolute leadership over the army, we must uphold the banner of the party and hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents Theory to ensure that the whole army resolutely obeys the command of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission at all times and under all circumstances; It is necessary to put ideological and political construction at the top of all the work of the whole army, provide a strong spiritual impetus for winning the future high-tech war, and provide a reliable political guarantee for maintaining the nature, true colors and style of the people's army; It is necessary to further improve the system of party committees, political commissars and political organs, further improve the degree of democratic centralism, further improve the division of responsibilities among heads under the unified leadership of party committees, and further improve a series of systems in which company branches and the party absolutely lead the army.
Actively promote military reform with China characteristics. With the rapid development of the new technological revolution with information technology as the core, human civilization is changing from the industrial age to the information age, and the war form is changing from mechanized war to information war. Affected by it, an unprecedented world military revolution is booming. Informatization is the essence and core of the new military revolution. We should take the initiative to meet the challenge, actively promote military reform with China characteristics, and strengthen national defense and army building. It is necessary to innovate the theory of war and strategy, explore the operational theory aimed at winning high-tech local wars, and develop the theory of national defense and army building with improving quality as the core. Insist on promoting mechanization with informatization, promote informatization with mechanization, and strive to complete the dual historical tasks of mechanization and informatization construction.
Guided by the military strategic policy in the new period, comprehensively improve the combat effectiveness of our army. Our strategic policy is active defense. In the new era, national defense and army building should be guided by this and strive to comprehensively improve the combat effectiveness of our army. On the basis of preparation for military struggle, we should leap from the state of war in the industrial age to the local war in the information age; It is necessary to implement the strategy of strengthening the army through science and technology, strive for quality advantages, and make the army construction change from manpower-intensive and quantity-scale to technology-intensive, quality-efficient Adhere to the talent-oriented principle, focus on building a team of commanding officers, staff officers, scientists, technical experts and non-commissioned officers, and strive to train a large number of high-quality new military talents; It is necessary to put education and training in a strategic position and carry out in-depth military training through science and technology; Strengthen the construction and reform of military academies, and comprehensively improve the scientific and technological quality of the military; We should focus on structural adjustment and improving the policy system, actively and steadily promote the reform of our military establishment system to meet the needs of information warfare.
Adhere to the principle of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction. To implement this policy, first, we must adhere to economic construction as the center, and national defense and army building must obey the overall situation of national economic construction. We should consider and plan the development of national defense and the army under this overall situation, and control the investment in national defense and the number and scale of the army within the scope permitted by national strength. The army should continue to support and participate in national reform and construction as practical actions to obey the overall situation, give play to its own advantages and benefit the people and the country. Second, while concentrating on economic construction, efforts should be made to strengthen national defense construction so that national defense construction and military struggle can meet the requirements of ensuring national interests and security. At the same time, national defense and army building are regarded as the common cause of the whole party, the whole army and the people of all nationalities in the country, forming a pattern of national defense run by the whole people. The third is to form a mechanism for mutual promotion and coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction. We should give consideration to both sides and coordinate. National defense construction should fully consider the needs of economic construction and maximize the utilization rate of national defense resources. In economic construction, especially infrastructure construction, the country should fully consider the needs of national defense and the army, so as to promote economic development and enhance national defense capabilities and realize the dialectical unity of Qiang Bing, a rich country.