The topic of the format 1 of college students' ideological and political papers is the center and general outline of scientific and technological papers.
Requirements are accurate and appropriate, concise, eye-catching and standardized, and easy to retrieve. The title of the paper should not exceed 20 words. Bold is small bold type 2, centered.
2 signature
Signature means that the author declares that he owns the copyright of the paper and is willing to take responsibility for it, so that readers can contact the author conveniently. Signature includes work unit and contact information. The work unit should write the full name, including the city name and postal code. Sometimes, for literature analysis, the author is required to provide information such as gender, date of birth, professional title, telephone number and email address.
Song style in small four.
3 abstract
It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments and annotations, and it is a high summary of the content of the article. The main contents include:
1) The content, purpose and importance of this research work.
2) Experimental methods used.
3) Summarize the research results and highlight the author's new viewpoints.
4) Research conclusion and its significance.
Chinese abstract is about 200 words, with Chinese name? Content summary? Bold with a small two bold, centered, and the other line content with a small four song style (1.5 times the line spacing), with two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph, back to the top.
English? Executive summary? What is the name of the project? Abstract? , bold, with No.2 small new Roman font in the center and No.4 small new Roman font in the other line, and its content and punctuation are in English.
Four key words
Keywords are words, phrases or terms extracted from papers to meet the needs of document indexing or retrieval, which represent the information items of the full text theme. Generally, 3 ~ 8 keywords will be listed.
Papers with English abstracts should record English keywords corresponding to Chinese keywords under the English abstracts.
Chinese name? Key words? The other line is bold in small four, and the content is bold in small four, generally no more than 8 words, leaving a space between words.
English? Key words? Starting from another line, the project name is specified as? Key words? , bold with a new Roman font four times smaller, top grid, its content? Key words? Leave a space behind, bold with a small No.4 Times New Roman font, and use semicolons between words? ; ? Separate.
5 Introduction
Introduction, also known as preface, introduction, preface and introduction, is the preface of a scientific paper, which leads to the article, so it is written before the text. Introduction is also called introduction and introduction.
Writing requirements of introduction
(l) The introduction should be concise, the content should not be lengthy, and the text should not be lengthy, and it should attract readers. The introduction of academic papers depends on the size and content of the papers, generally 200-600 words, the short one is no more than 100 words, and the long one is about 1000 words.
(2) Can shorter papers not be listed separately? Introduction? In the first section, just write a short paragraph before the text of the paper to play the role of introduction.
(3) The introduction should not be the same as the abstract, nor should it be written as a note of the abstract. Some knowledge in general textbooks need not be described in the introduction.
(4) In order to show that the author has a solid theoretical foundation and systematic professional knowledge, and has a broad scientific research vision, the paper fully demonstrates the research scheme. Therefore, if there is a historical review, a comprehensive review of predecessors' work and theoretical analysis, the introduction can be written in a separate chapter and described in detail with enough words.
(5) The purpose of introduction should be to provide readers with enough background knowledge, not to give them suspense. In the introduction, the author doesn't have to be too modest about his research work or his own ability, but he can't brag, raise himself and belittle others.
Format requirements of introduction
The project name is in bold, centered with small 2 bold; The content begins with the new line of Xiaosi Qufeng. Leave two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph and go back to the top space.
6 text
Text is the main body of scientific papers and the core part of proving arguments and expressing scientific research results. Justice accounts for the main length of the paper, which can include the following parts or contents: the object of investigation, basic principles, experimental and observation methods, instruments and equipment, and raw materials. Experimental and observation results, calculation methods and programming principles, data, processed charts, formed arguments and conclusions, etc.
The text can be divided into several paragraphs, and the title of each paragraph has no fixed format, but it can be divided into the following parts (taking the experimental research report paper as an example).
1) theoretical analysis.
2) experimental materials and methods
3) Experimental results and analysis.
4) Discussion on the results
The specific requirements are as follows:
1) The argument is clear, the argument is sufficient and the argument is reasonable;
2) Accurate facts, accurate data, accurate calculation and accurate language;
3) Rich in content and concise, avoiding repetition and triviality;
4) Clear organization, strict logic, and the expression form is suitable for the content;
5) Do not divulge secrets, and carry out technical treatment on information that needs to be kept secret.
Specific format requirements:
1) The text adopts No.5 Song style, with two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph, a back row with multiple line spacing, and the setting value is1.25;
2) Title of the text:
First-class title: What is the title serial number? First,? , bold with small number 4, exclusive line, no punctuation at the end;
Secondary title: What is the title serial number? ( 1)? , bold with No.5 Song style, exclusive lines, no punctuation at the end;
Third-level title: What is the title serial number? 1、? , bold with No.5 Song, if it is exclusive, no punctuation at the end, if it is not exclusive, a period must be added after the title;
Level 4 Title: What is the title serial number? ( 1)? , with No.5 Song style, the rest requirements are the same as the third-level title;
Five-level title: What is the title serial number? ①? , with No.5 song style, the rest requirements are the same as the third-level title.
Note: The titles at the next level of each level should be numbered consecutively.
7 conclusion
Scientific papers usually have conclusions at the back of the text. Conclusion is the logical development of experiments, observation results and theoretical analysis, and the understanding of the nature and laws of things obtained by judging, reasoning and summarizing the data and results obtained from experiments and observations, which is the general argument of the whole paper. The contents of the conclusion mainly include: what problems are explained by the research results, what laws are drawn, and what practical or theoretical problems are solved; What supplements, modifications and confirmations have been made to the previous research results, and what innovations have been made; What problems remain to be solved in the field studied in this paper, and the basic ideas and keys to solve these problems. The requirements for writing a conclusion are:
1) should be accurate, complete, clear and concise. The conclusion should be realistic and well-founded, the language should be firm, the data should be accurate and reliable, and it should not be vague or ambiguous.
2) When judging and reasoning, you can't leave the experiment and observation results, and don't make unfounded or illogical reasoning and conclusions.
3) The conclusion is not the reappearance of the experimental and observation results, nor the simple repetition of the summary of each paragraph in the paper.
4) The evaluation of the results should be fair and proper, and should not be complacent. When the evidence is insufficient, don't rashly deny or criticize other people's conclusions, let alone use excuses to belittle others.
5) Be very careful when writing conclusions. If the research is innovative but not enough to draw a conclusion, you would rather not write it or jump to conclusions, and you can have some discussions based on the experimental and observation results.
Requirements:
The project name is in bold, centered with small 2 bold; The content begins with the new line of Xiaosi Qufeng. Leave two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph and go back to the top space.
8 references
In scientific papers, all opinions, data and materials quoted from previously published documents (including the author's own past) should be marked where they appear in the paper, and a list of references should be listed at the end (after the thank-you paragraph). This work is called reference record.
Principle of reference record
1) only records the most needed and latest documents.
2) Usually only published documents are recorded.
3) Adopt standardized description format.
Format requirements of references:
The types of references (that is, citations) are identified by single letters: M monographs, C papers, N newspaper articles, J journal articles, D dissertations, R reports, S standards, P patents; For documents that do not belong to the above types, use letters? z？ Signs; emblem
All references are placed at the end of the article. Its format is:
(1) monograph
Example [1] Zhang Zhijian. Research on Yan Fu's Thought [M]. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 1989. (49).
[2] Alice. Sexual psychology [M]. Pan Guangdan translation. Beijing: Commercial Press, 1997.
(2) Prose
Example [1] Wu Yifu. Selected western literary theories [C]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1979.
[2][ Russian] belinsky. On Russian novellas and Nikolai Gogol Jun's novellas [A]. Wu Yifu. Selected Works of Western Literary Theories: Volume II [C]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1979.
When quoting the page number of the monograph, brackets should be added after the serial number of the text.
(3) newspaper articles
Example [1] Li Dalun. The importance of economic globalization [N]. Guangming Daily, 1998- 12-27, (3)
(4) Journal articles
Example [1] Guo Yingde. On the view of literary history in Yuan and Ming Dynasties [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Science Edition), 1995(3).
(5) Dissertation
Example [1] Liu Wei. Theoretical and Empirical Research on Different Visual Recognition Methods of Chinese Characters [D]. Beijing: Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, 1998.
(6) Report
Example [1] Bai Xiushui, Liu Gan, Ren Baoping. Xi Research on the Cultivation and Development of Finance, Talents and Technology Market [R].Xi 'an: Northwest Economic Development Research Center of Shaanxi Normal University, 1998.
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