D- deoxyribose means that the oxygen atoms on the ribose molecule are removed, leaving only the carbon atoms on the sugar ring. This chemical structure is very common in DNA. DNA is a nucleic acid existing in all living things, and it is the storage medium of genetic information. In DNA, deoxyribose is connected with deoxynucleotide through phosphodiester bond, forming a long chain structure of DNA. The stability and reliability of this structure ensure the stable transmission and replication of DNA, which is the basis of maintaining life.

The most striking difference between D- deoxyribose and L- ribose lies in their chemical structure. In L- ribose molecule, the position of hydroxyl group (OH) on sugar ring is different from that of D- deoxyribose. L- ribose is usually found in RNA. The function of RNA is to transmit the information of DNA to the process of protein synthesis. Because RNA needs frequent information transmission and replication, the requirements for chemical structure are not as high as DNA. The appearance and stability of D- deoxyribose ensure the reliability of DNA in genetic information transmission.

D- deoxyribose plays an important role in human cell division and genetic information transmission. However, some cells need to be constantly copied to increase the number of cells because they are constantly influenced by the outside world. At this time, the important role of D- deoxyribose is more prominent. For example, white blood cells are one of the most important cells in human body to resist diseases. The more they are, the stronger the body's resistance to diseases. Therefore, understanding the chemical characteristics of D- deoxyribose will be very helpful for scientists to study cell division, genetic information transmission and cancer treatment.