Argumentative essays generally have four structures-juxtaposition, progression, positive and negative contrast, and total score (1) juxtaposition: arguments must be juxtaposed at the same level, and what are the connotations of three or four juxtaposed arguments 1? Explain the connotation of key concepts in the central argument and refine the sub-arguments. Central argument: people must be tolerant. Argument: ① Tolerance is a broad mind. (Lin Xiangru) Tolerance is an upright character. (Qi Huangyang) 3 Tolerance is a kind of wisdom to turn an enemy into a friend. (Lincoln) Central argument: One must be brave. Argument: ① Courage is wealth, not immoral quality. (2) Courage is a poor and immobile personality. Courage is unyielding integrity. Central argument: people should have spirit, will and spirit. Sub-arguments: ① Passion is Li Bai's "Laughing and going out, are we Artemisia people?" ② Passion is Du Fu's heartfelt words: "Be a gentleman, be a gentleman and be a folk custom". (3) Spirit is Mao Zedong's strong feeling of "counting romantic figures and looking forward to the present". 2, the reason-why, take the central argument as a conclusion to trace the reason for this conclusion. Central argument: safety is the premise of ensuring production, and safety cannot be lacking in production. Argument: ① Without safety, production will be threatened. (2) without security, workers' lives cannot be guaranteed. ③ Without security, the long-term profit target cannot be achieved. Central argument: quality is the life of enterprise production. Argument: ① Product quality is related to the life and health of consumers. ② Product quality is related to the development of enterprises. ③ Product quality is related to the image of a country or region. 3. Methods, approaches and conditions: What to do? Take the central argument as the result, and extract the methods, ways and conditions to meet this result. Central argument: learn to appreciate others. Argument: ① Learn to appreciate others and ask yourself to be open-minded and open-minded. Learn to appreciate others, try to find the bright spots in others, and learn from them. Learn to appreciate others, help each other, learn from each other, learn from each other's strengths and improve together. Central argument: people should have spirit. Argument: ① If a person wants to have a high spirit, he must be tenacious and unyielding, not afraid of wind, frost, cold rain. If people want to have a high spirit, they must be brave and fearless, not afraid of sacrificing setbacks. If people want to have a high spirit, they must be confident and optimistic, and laugh at the ups and downs of life. 4. The result-what's the use? Mainly analyze the results (meaning, function, value, influence) produced by the central argument (doing so). Central argument: Cherish possession sub-argument: ① Cherish possession to feel happy. Only by cherishing what you have can you grasp happiness. Cherish what you have, and life can be colorful. Central argument: Poverty is also a fortune. Arguments: ① Poverty can cultivate people's will and perseverance, which is an important condition for success; Poverty can increase people's abilities, and many people's abilities are tempered in difficulties. (3) Poverty can urge those who are willing to work hard to change their destiny. If they are poor, they will think about change; 5. Different objects and aspects: See who can participate in the central argument (things, things and aspects), and then make up or list it in detail, which becomes a sub-argument. Central argument: cherish possession. Argument: ① Family members should cherish their affection. Friends should cherish their friendship. Lovers should cherish the love they already have. Central argument: shoulder the heavy responsibility. Argument: ① Wang chose the shoulders of the weak to shoulder the historical mission. (2) Li shouldered the hygiene of Shili Baxiang with a thin shoulder. (3) Hong Zhanhui propped up the troubled family with broad shoulders. (2) Progressive formula: 1, question method. That is to say, according to the questioning idea of "what-why-how", the argument is refined. Central argument: Life should be colorful. Argument: ① Life is colorful, that is to say, there should not be only one mode of life. (What is it? ) 2 it conforms to human nature (people have various spiritual needs); Conducive to people's all-round development and physical and mental health; It is conducive to fully mobilizing people's enthusiasm and forming a lively situation. (Why) ③ We should be able to combine work and rest and cultivate various interests in life; Society should create conditions for people's all-round development. (how about it? ) 2. Analyze the arguments in the order of level or meaning from shallow to deep. Such as: individual-collective-country, such as: central argument: we must bravely overcome difficulties, we must admit difficulties, because difficulties are everywhere and all the time; Don't be afraid of difficulties, because difficulties are like springs. When they are strong, they become weak. ③ Analyze and study the difficulties and try to overcome them. (3) Positive and negative contrast: Central argument: Moderate love for son: ① Only when the son is moderate can the child embark on the track of healthy development. Inappropriate love or even doting on children will not only make children thrive, but will hinder the healthy development of children's body and mind.