A) flexibility of parts of speech
The construction of skyscrapers is progressing smoothly.
The construction of skyscrapers is progressing smoothly.
The construction of skyscrapers is progressing smoothly. (noun to verb)
We must pay great attention to the combination of theory and practice.
We must pay great attention to the combination of theory and practice.
We must pay great attention to integrating theory with practice. (noun to verb)
We are very grateful for their help.
We are very grateful for their help.
We are very grateful for their help. (Adjective becomes verb)
The main feature of camels is that they can walk for many days without water.
Camels are mainly good at not drinking water for several days.
The main feature of camels is that they can go without water for several days. (Verbs become nouns)
The performance was a great success.
The performance was a great success.
The performance was a great success. (Nouns become adjectives)
I feel very honored to meet you here today.
I feel very honored to meet you here today.
I am honored to meet you here today. (Nouns become adverbs)
B) adaptation of phrases
The old man tried to move as much soil as the young man, but failed.
The old man tried to dig as much soil as the young man, but failed.
The old man wants to pick up as much soil as the young man, but he can't.
More than 37 million acres of land have lost productivity because of neglect.
Due to the lack of cooking, more than 37 million acres of land have been abandoned.
Due to negligence, more than 37 million acres of land were deserted.
Without your help, they would not have achieved so much.
Without your help, their grades would not be so good.
But for your help, their grades would not be so good.
He held the child in his arms without hesitation, and then strode to the bus stop.
He immediately picked up the baby without hesitation and strode to the bus stop.
Without saying anything, he picked up the baby and ran straight to the bus stop.
D) flexibility of meaning
In colonial countries, oppression and exploitation are commonplace.
In colonial countries, oppression and exploitation are today's order.
In colonial countries, oppression and exploitation are commonplace.
Therefore, he must think from these aspects, which is not only inevitable, but also correct.
Therefore, it is not only necessary but also correct for him to consider these conditions.
So it is not only inevitable but also natural for him to have this kind of consideration (idea).
We will, as always, strive to develop good trade relations with your country on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
We will, as always, strive to develop good trade relations with your country on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
We will, as always, strive to develop good trade relations with your country on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.
That's why she is so angry.
This is why she is so angry.
This is why she is so angry.
He hardly ate anything.
He didn't eat anything.
He hardly ate anything.
You are really something.
You do have something.
You are really good at it.
D) adaptation of long sentences
When you encounter long sentences, you should try to be flexible in grammar to make them easy to understand. In this case, three methods are usually used to deal with it: sentence breaking, inverted sentence and split sentence.
1) disjunctive syntax
To this end, I request that if the debate is to continue, we adjourn for one hour. I say this in my own name, but I am sure that there are others who have been here since the beginning of this meeting. They think that if the meeting is to continue, it is unfair to adjourn, even if it is only for one hour.
Therefore, if we want to continue the debate, I ask for an hour's recess. I said this in my own name. But I know that there are others who have been sitting here since the beginning of this meeting, and I believe they also think that if we want to continue the meeting, we should adjourn for an hour, even for an hour.
2) Flip chip method
Mr Echeveria was the interior minister of the Mexican government, which decided to use the army to suppress the students who tried to demonstrate in Tlatelolco on September 20 and 22 of that year.
On September 2 1 and 22, students tried to demonstrate in Tlatelolco. At that time, the interior minister of the Mexican government who sent troops to suppress it was Mr. echeverria.
3) Split syntax
The victory of German national socialism, the most reactionary and aggressive fascist form, and its war provocation stimulated the war parties representing the most reactionary and chauvinist bourgeoisie to compete for power more fiercely in all countries, which intensified the fascism of the state machine.
German national socialism is the most reactionary and aggressive form of fascism. Its rise and war provocation have prompted militant parties around the world to compete for political power more fiercely and strengthen the fascism of the state machine. These militant political parties represent the most reactionary and chauvinistic elements in the bourgeoisie.
In a sentence, the above two or three methods can be used alternately at the same time when necessary.
E) demonstration of refining practice
The following are some examples of refined sentences and paragraphs in English translation:
Braving the thorny bushes and annoying wasps, we climbed a higher peak, which dominated the area and provided a magnificent panorama, including towering mountains, narrow valleys and the only winding road that the Red Army fought bloody battles.
We braved thorns and nasty wasps and climbed a higher mountain. Here you can see the whole area at a glance, except for a spectacular panorama: towering peaks and narrow valleys, and the only narrow path that the Red Army fought in those days.
We climbed a higher mountain at the risk of being pricked by thorns and nasty wasps along the way. Overlooking the whole area, it gives us a spectacular panorama: I saw the undulating peaks and valleys below, and the only narrow path that the Red Army killed. )
A series of strange conical mountains loomed in the distance of the town. To us westerners, they remind people of the seemingly strange mountains in China's classical paintings. We came to Guiyang and found that these painted mountains are real.
Outside the city stands a heavy cone-shaped mountain. In the eyes of westerners, they remind us of the strange mountains in Chinese painting. When we came to Guiyang, the mountain in the painting became a reality.
There are many conical peaks looming outside the city. To westerners, these peaks remind us of those strange and ethereal mountains in Chinese painting. When we came to Guiyang, the mountain in the painting became a reality. )
When we enter higher and more remote areas, the weather is gloomy, with occasional rain and heavy rain. We seldom see peaks. The paddy fields are emerald green, and the mountains are clear and elusive through the mist.
When we go deeper and farther, the sky is full of clouds, with occasional showers and heavy rains. It is difficult for us to see the true face of the mountain peak. The rice is green and the distant mountains are misty.
When we enter higher and more remote areas, the sky is cloudy with occasional showers and heavy rain. We seldom see the face of the mountain. The rice is green and misty, and the mountains are foggy. )
As the road turns to Tibet, the scenery becomes more and more rough and eye-catching. Waterfalls from high mountains and narrow canyons poured down the winding mountain road where we were traveling.
On the way to Tibet, the surrounding scenery became more and more rugged and dramatic. Waterfalls pour down from the narrow valley of Chongshan and flow to the winding roadside where we walk.
On the winding road into Tibet, the surrounding environment becomes more and more rugged and scary. On the Panshan highway where our car is walking, waterfalls pour down from mountains and deep valleys. )
The following is an English translation of a scene for your reference:
After going up the mountain, we stopped for a picnic-some rice cakes and biscuits with tea, and brought them into the huge and efficient China thermos that we carried with us. In a seemingly eternal China, we are contented travelers. The air is fresh and wild flowers are everywhere. Unusual hydrangeas, exotic clematis vines covered with white star-shaped flowers, and bushes dotted with heart-shaped leaves and lily-shaped flowers are blooming everywhere. The buzz of bees and the cool breeze blowing on the hillside make us quiet; A large number of wild strawberries grow in the grass.
When climbing the mountain, we stopped for a picnic-some rice cakes, biscuits and tea. Tea is packed in a big and top-grade China thermos, and we take it with us everywhere. In China, a place that seems to have no concept of time, we have become unrestrained travelers. The air is fresh and there are wild flowers everywhere. Unique hydrangea plants, exotic clematis vines with white star-shaped flowers, and shrubs with heart-shaped leaves and lily-shaped flowers can be seen everywhere. The buzz of bees and the cool breeze blowing slowly from the mountainside make us sleepy; Dense wild strawberries grow in the grass.