Teacher's teaching plan teaching design article 1 teaching goal:
1, know the author, background and style.
2, dredge the article, clear your mind.
Class hours: 3
first kind
I. Organizing teaching
Second, check the homework (recite the preface to Wang Tengting)
Third, introduce new courses.
1, blackboard title
2. About the author: Han Yu, known as "Han Changli" (originally from Changli, Hebei Province), Liu Zongyuan advocates the "ancient prose movement". Also known as "Koryo Official Department" (assistant minister of official department in his later years) and "Han Wengong" (posthumous title "Wen").
Ming people listed him as the first of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.
3. Writing background:
It can be seen from Liu Zongyuan's Answer to Wei Zhongli's Book of Teacher's Way: "Since Wei and Jin Dynasties, people have benefited from not being a teacher. If they have, they will laugh at it and think it is crazy. Han Yu, alone, regardless of customs, laughed and abused. After receiving the phone call, he learned that he was a "teacher" and became a teacher because of resistance. The world is full of strange fruit and scolds it, pointing to the eyes and pulling it, adding it to the words. The more you have a crazy name. Living in Chang 'an, I don't have enough to drink and feel whipped, that's all. "
4. Style: "Shuo", Discussion > A kind of paper, which can be discussed after narration or between narratives. For example, Ma Shuo and The Snake Catcher in junior high school.
5. Read through the text and solve the following problems.
Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words.
Sentence reading, Buddhist sutra biography, Pan witch of Changhong.
② Central argument: Ancient scholars must have teachers.
(3) What are the four paragraphs in the full text to illustrate the point of view?
The first paragraph: explain positively the importance of learning from teachers.
The second paragraph: Criticize the bad atmosphere that the scholar-officials are ashamed to follow the teacher.
The third paragraph: quote the attitude of sages to learn from teachers, and further elaborate the relationship between teachers and students.
The fourth paragraph: explanation. The origin of writing.
6. Summarize the full text.
Fourth, homework:
1, recite the first paragraph.
2. Think about (or arrange in writing) the 1 ~ ~ 3 questions in the exercise1.
Second lesson
Teaching objectives:
1, analytic demonstration process and method.
2. Master the words and dredge the full text.
Content steps:
First, check the class assignments:
1, recite the first paragraph.
2. Combine exercises 1 and introduce new lessons.
Second, the content structure:
The first paragraph: a positive explanation of the responsibilities of teachers.
(2) Why should we learn from teachers?
(3) Who is the teacher?
The second paragraph: Criticize the bad atmosphere that the scholar-officials are ashamed to follow the teacher.
Ancient saints-learning from saints and benefiting them
Today's people-fools benefit from fools and don't learn from them.
Love his son-I'm confused about choosing a teacher, but I don't know.
In his body-a shameful teacher
Teachers say teaching plan teaching design II. Teaching objectives
1. Understand the main points of this article and correctly understand the truth of learning from teachers.
2. Clear the train of thought of this article.
3. Understand the application of positive and negative contrast in this paper.
Second, the key points and difficulties
Focus: Understand the central argument and structure of this article. Master the phenomenon of different meanings in ancient and modern times, and use parts of speech and polysemous words flexibly.
Difficulties: accurately summarize the central argument of the article, master the characteristics of its argumentation and reasoning, and use comparative skills.
Third, the class schedule
Two class hours
Fourth, the teaching process:
(1) Brief introduction of the author.
Han Yu (768-824) was born in Heyang (now Meng County, Henan Province) in the Tang Dynasty. Because of his ancestral home in Changli (now Changli County, Hebei Province), he was later called "Han Changli". Famous writer, philosopher and advocate of ancient prose movement. Together with Liu Zongyuan, he actively advocated the ancient prose movement (as opposed to the popular parallel prose at that time, taking Confucianism as the basic content and adopting the styles of the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties) (it was a literary movement that not only inherited the tradition but also made innovations under the banner of restoring ancient ways, and the literary ideas put forward by the leaders of the movement were "the unity of literature and Taoism" and "literature carries Taoism"), which was the "Eight Masters Movement in Tang and Song Dynasties"
(B) Writing background
Confucius said, "In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose good and follow it, and change it if it is evil. " In China, there has been a trend of learning from teachers since ancient times, but since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the influence of Buddhism and Taoism, the social status and influence of Confucianism have been weakened, so the Confucian concept of learning from teachers has also faded, and people are ashamed of learning from teachers. Liu Zongyuan replied to Wei Zhongli's Book of Teacher's Way: "In this world, I don't know the teacher; Some people laughed at it and thought it was a madman. Han Yu, alone, ignored the customs, laughed and abused, learned after being called, made a "teacher's statement", and started his career because of resistance; The world is full of strange fruit and scolds it, pointing to the eyes and pulling it, adding it to the words. The crazier it is. " Han Yu advocates being a model and being brave as a teacher. Shi Shuo is the first teacher-centered book in ancient China.
(3) Know the body:
Many classical Chinese can judge the genre of articles from a certain word in the title, such as Ji in Xiao Shi Tang Ji, Biao in Shi Biao, Biography, Ma Shuo, Snake Catcher, Ailian, Borrowing Books by Huang Sheng and Biography of young chinese. "Shuo"-is an argumentative writing style that focuses on narration and discussion. Shi Shuo-Shi Shuo, in the titles of books and articles, the phenomenon of verb-object inversion is more common, such as On Practice and On Huang Sheng's Borrowing Books. Tell me something about the teacher.
(4) Read aloud in sections to explain key words and phrases.
(5) Gradually analyze the argumentation method of Shi Shuo.
1. The first paragraph analysis: cut to the chase and put forward the center.
The teacher's duty, why to learn from the teacher and who to use as a teacher.
The first layer: cut to the chase and put forward the central argument: ancient scholars must have teachers.
"Ancient" refers to people who studied before the Han Dynasty, and "scholar" refers to people with specialized knowledge, which is different from what is said today. The author wants to preach teachings like "ancient scholars", so he put it forward at the beginning of the article. "There must be a teacher", which attributes the achievements and expertise of scholars to the results of learning from teachers. This sentence not only plays an important role, but also covers the whole text and summarizes the content and scope to be discussed, which has become the central argument of this paper.
The second layer: a positive overview of teachers' functions: preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts.
The word "Tao" in the sentence contains the Confucian ways of "benevolence" and "righteousness", that is, Confucian political, philosophical, ethical, cultural and educational thoughts; Karma is the following "Six Arts Classics"; Confusion is a difficult problem in the above-mentioned "Tao" and "karma"
The third layer: the negative argument that no teacher can solve the puzzle, theoretically expounds the necessity of following the teacher.
The fourth layer: the criteria for selecting teachers are put forward positively: those who hear the Tao first can be teachers.
The fifth layer: to sum up, the principle of learning from others is put forward: if there is no expensive, there is no base; if there is no long, there is no little; if there is Tao, there is a teacher. Here, the author expresses the progressive thought of not being ashamed to ask questions and being able to teach people.
2. Analyze the second paragraph:
What does this paragraph have to do with the first paragraph?
On the basis of the first paragraph, this passage criticized the bad atmosphere of scholar-officials who were ashamed to follow the teacher at that time; By criticizing the disadvantages of the times and demonstrating the viewpoint put forward in the first paragraph from the opposite side, the necessity of learning from teachers is explained.
(2) What kind of argumentation method is used in this article?
This passage adopts the method of positive and negative comparison:
The first layer: put forward a sub-argument: the teacher's way is not long! It's hard to be confused!
The second layer: in view of the current disadvantages, the crux of "not following the teacher" is analyzed from three aspects.
Comparative Argument: Comparison between Ancient Saints and Modern People —— Longitudinal Comparison
Comparison between Son's Choice of Teachers and Shame on Teachers —— Self-comparison
The clan proportion of witch doctors, musicians and scholars-horizontal proportion
A. vertical comparison: ancient saints: ask the teacher for advice.
Today's people: ashamed to learn from teachers.
Author's argument: saints are good for saints, and fools are good for fools, all of which come from this?
B. self-comparison: for my son: choose a teacher to teach.
For his health: ashamed to learn from the teacher.
Author's comment: I haven't seen it since primary school.
C. horizontal ratio: hard-working man: ashamed of being a teacher.
Scholar-bureaucrat: Laughter.
Author's point of view: It is obvious that the teacher's way has gone. Today, its wisdom is out of reach, strange and embarrassing!
Through three comparisons, this paper criticizes the wrong words and deeds of scholar-officials who are ashamed to follow the teacher, and demonstrates from the opposite side that "learning must have a teacher" is a powerful criticism and an open challenge to the prevailing concept of family status at that time.
3. Analyze the third paragraph:
What is the relationship between the third paragraph and the first paragraph?
This paragraph is a positive argument, using historical examples to demonstrate the argument in the first paragraph.
The first layer: put forward the sub-argument: saints are impermanent teachers.
The second layer: demonstrate with Confucius' words and deeds. The author gives an example of Confucius inviting officials to visit Changhong, learning piano from teachers and asking Lao Dan for gifts. The "three" in Confucius' speech should be understood as three people: one is self, the other is good and the other is evil, while "I" can learn from its good and change its evil. Only in this way can the explanation reflect the vigilance of the aphorism. Finally, the author infers from the case of Confucius: "Disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, but they specialize in their skills."
4. Analyze the fourth paragraph:
Why does the author praise Li Pan?
The author's praise of Li Pan is not only an affirmation of his disobedience, but also a powerful criticism of the literati's "disobedience"; It not only criticizes the disadvantages of the times, but also advocates learning from teachers by praising Li Pan.
This passage points out the reason why the author wrote Shi Shuo, sets an example of "not being bound by time" and "being able to be an ancient road", and summarizes the full text. At the same time, "regardless of time" to take care of the second paragraph, "can do the ancient road" to take care of the third paragraph
Cite typical cases, use comparative methods, demonstrate advantages and disadvantages, and highlight the central idea.
This reasoning article quotes typical cases and uses comparative methods to affirm the advantages of following the teacher in front, criticize the bad atmosphere of being ashamed of following the teacher behind, demonstrate repeatedly and highlight the central meaning. The central argument of this paper is that there must be teachers in learning, the existence of Tao and the existence of teachers. In the first paragraph, the author first put forward the argument that "ancient scholars must have teachers" and demonstrated it. The second paragraph puts forward the argument of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners", which is divided into three layers. By quoting typical cases and using comparative methods, this paper criticizes the bad fashion of not paying attention to learning from teachers at that time and demonstrates the central argument. The third paragraph puts forward the argument that "saints are impermanent teachers", and quotes Confucius' examples and remarks, and draws the conclusion that "disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, teachers don't have to be superior to disciples, and they are proficient in Taoism and specialize in their skills", which further demonstrates the central argument. Finally, I briefly praised Li Pan's untimely practice to show his attitude of attaching importance to learning from teachers. The writing is concise and fluent, and the structure is rigorous. The truth of learning from teachers and the role of teachers are to pass on messages to solve doubts and so on. Very accurate, thorough, enlightening and convincing.
There are some concise and profound sentences in this article, which are often used by later generations. For example: "A teacher is a teacher, so a teacher is a career", "Where the Tao is, a teacher is also", "A sage is impermanent as a teacher", "A disciple need not be inferior to a teacher, a teacher need not be superior to a disciple, and a teacher has professional knowledge"; Wait a minute.
(1) division
It appears 26 times in the text, and its meaning and usage are as follows:
(1) as a noun, there are two situations:
As a "teacher", a scholar who tells ancient stories must have a teacher.
Be a "technical person" and talk about the skills of witch doctors and musicians.
(2) As a verb, there are three situations:
Give a lecture on "learning and imitation"
My teacher is also a teacher ("teacher", verb-object relationship)
Witch doctors are skilled musicians, and they are not ashamed to learn from each other.
On "Learning from Teachers"
Either a teacher or not.
Teacher's way has been passed down for a long time ("teacher's way" is biased)
Take "take ... take ... take ... take ...
(2)
It appears 25 times in the text, and its usage is as follows:
(1) as a pronoun, there are two situations:
Refers to the person or thing that chooses teachers and teaches them.
Connective attributives and headwords represent a unified relationship, which is equivalent to "this" and "these"
The perpetrators of malnutrition
Witch doctors, musicians and workers
(3) As auxiliary words, there are four situations:
An ancient scholar put it between the attribute and the head word.
Putting it between the subject and the predicate abolished the independence of the sentence, and we can see that it is gone.
It means that the prepositional object is ignorant of sentence reading.
It is meaningless to fill in syllables after verbs, adjectives or words that indicate time.
The six arts are handed down from generation to generation, and they are all connected.
(3) There are three situations in the texts learned before:
As a pronoun, it means that you will be born with sorrow.
As an auxiliary word, it means that the worm has no claws after the attribute.
As verbs, "to" and "to" the South China Sea I long for.
(3) it
There are 17 times in the text, and the usage is as follows:
① As pronouns, there are four situations:
Be the subject in the subject-predicate phrase
Born before me, he heard that his husband was before me (him)
If you are confused and don't follow the teacher, you will be confused and you will never understand (those)
Re-refers to that, as the main body of ancient saints, their people (they) are far away.
Yu Jiaqi can take the ancient road (him)
As an attribute, I don't know that their years were born on me (them).
(3) As an adverb of mood, there are two situations:
Guess that saints are sacred ... all for this (probably).
Sigh that today's wisdom is out of reach (how
Law refers to the flexible use of nouns or adjectives as verbs. Adjectives are the most common, followed by nouns, and there are a few expressions.
Psychoactive verbs. Oral usage translated into modern Chinese, the basic format is:
Name, form (verb)+object = take ten objects as ten names, form (verb), for example:
The term "I am a teacher" means ... as a teacher.
The adjective "fishermen are very different" is singular.
A witch doctor, a musician and a skilled worker are not ashamed to learn from each other.
Abstract of model essay on the planning scheme of school mental health education publicity