1 hallucination
Growing up, every time I have dinner with my relatives during the New Year, there is always a question that I can't escape: Why do you study so well? When you have time, tell my family xxx about learning methods.
At the beginning, I will seriously talk about some learning methods: for example, listen carefully in class, finish homework carefully and buy more reference materials.
Later, I answered more and more times, and I was impatient. I only replied: nothing special.
Gradually, even I doubt that I really don't have any special learning methods. Why can't other children learn well?
From elementary school to junior high school, I was basically the first in my class, and even got the first place in the city once. I haven't attended cram school, and I don't feel that I have racked my brains for my study. I like basketball, football and table tennis in my spare time, each of which is the best among my peers. Therefore, I simply can't understand what it feels like to "can't do it".
This situation did not change until high school.
Because I met a super schoolmaster.
2 differences in talent
There are two people in the class, one is Zhang and the other is Liu.
Zhang Xueba won the National Silver Award in the National Senior High School Physics Competition and was directly sent to the Mathematics Department of Peking University. Ba won the national gold medal in the national high school physics competition and was sent to the physics department of Peking University. And I, like them, went to the physics competition training class. As a result, even the simplest competition questions were not done correctly, so I gave up the exam directly.
Moreover, these two scholars are not the bookworms who can only take exams in our impression. They are really smart. I used to play 2 1 point with them. Like me, it may take more than ten seconds to see the answer, and these two people can see it 1 second.
Throughout high school, I lived in the shadow of these two people. I also asked them about their learning methods and found nothing special. Nothing more than listening carefully in class and doing problems after class.
The most terrible thing in the world is that people smarter than you work harder than you. For me at that time, the saddest thing was that I worked as hard as they did. However, I will never catch up with them because I am not smart enough.
I dare say that everyone has experienced similar things since childhood: the master around him easily advanced, and the fool himself was left far behind.
At this time, we will use a free method to attribute everything to IQ. I just have a low IQ, which is innate and cannot be changed, so I admit it.
However, this has laid a curse, and you will feel lack of confidence every time you do something beforehand in the future; Every time I fail, I feel it is force majeure. Many students who study English with me often come to me before the start of the course and say, teacher, I am stupid and slow to learn. Please forgive me. In the process of learning, I complain that I have no language talent and give up learning when I encounter some difficulties.
Does language talent exist? Of course it exists. An Israeli boy who is proficient in more than ten languages can learn a new language in two weeks.
Is there such a thing as mathematical talent? Of course it exists. I need more than ten seconds at 24 o'clock, and others only need one second.
Does sports talent exist? Of course it exists. The same height is 1.80 meters. I can't even touch the rebound, but nba players can dunk.
However, we are not gifted with others in this life. What you want to pursue is actually very specific things: making more money, finding people you love, buying a house and a car, and wearing beautiful clothes.
You can't expect super-fast mental arithmetic at present. How fast can a computer be? You only need to master more mathematical knowledge and understand the most basic principles of investment and financial management in order to obtain higher return on assets.
You don't expect amazing jumps, and jumping high can't give you a raise. You just want to know how to keep fit by running. One day you can run a marathon and show off in your circle of friends.
You can't expect yourself to master English in two weeks. You just want to improve your English steadily. In the future, you can find fault with the translator and then pretend to be forced in front of your friends. Or you can read first-hand English materials fluently without consulting the dictionary at any time.
If you realize all these little wishes, you will surpass most people.
Think about it:
How many people around you have the correct concept of financial management? Look at how many p2p platforms have exploded during this period.
How many people around you can keep exercising? Think back. Have your classmates gained weight or lost weight recently?
How many people around you can keep learning English for more than a year? Can you ask friends who used to punch in the circle of friends to see if they are still studying?
You don't need to be in the top 0. 1% of a certain field, because they are not only diligent, but also gifted. But if your goal is to become the top 10%, there is still great hope. Because most people's efforts are low, you don't need to fight for talent at all.
You just need to work hard.
The remaining question is how to work hard.
3 1 10,000 hours theory
How to work hard? How can we work hard? Work hard.
Practice makes perfect, heaven rewards diligence, books and mountains have diligence as the way, and learning the sea is endless.
These golden sentences have condensed the wisdom of the ancients in China for thousands of years, and they can't be wrong.
If it is not enough, mix some real inspirational stories and inspirational chicken soup golden sentences.
If not, find an enthusiastic speaker, take you to stand on the desk and practice English at the top of your voice!
However, passion always fades. If you still can't see any improvement when you fade, will you still work hard?
At this time, a book called Alien appeared, which seemed to solve this problem. Malcolm Graville, the author, subtly found that celebrities such as Jobs, Bill Gates and the Beatles became outstanding in their respective fields because they practiced for more than 10000 hours.
For a time, the 10,000-hour theory swept the country. Because he added a deadline to his efforts, it seems that the endless sea of learning has become limited.
I read Alien in my senior year. At that time, I was determined to be an excellent English teacher. The first idea that this book gave me was that I would take six hours of classes every day for the next five years and accumulate 10,000 hours of lecture experience.
But before long, I felt something was wrong. Because I find that my so-called teaching is just repeating what I said before. After five times, I didn't feel any improvement in my ability except that I was more proficient in lectures. At this rate, can I still have so-called growth?
Just at this time, the 20 15 stock market crash happened. All the stocks my mother bought were tied up. I wonder, my mother is an old stockholder for more than ten years, and her time in the stock market must be 10000 hours. Why didn't she become an expert in stock trading?
Another typical example is China people's English. After studying for more than ten years, it took 8000 hours instead of 10000 hours. Why is it still so bad?
Obviously, the single time index of 10 thousand hours is not enough to explain the cause of the master.
We need a more advanced theory.
4 Deliberate practice
1993, a psychologist from Florida State University put forward the concept of "deliberate practice" for the first time in his paper. 20 16 compiled his own research results into the book deliberate practice. After the book was published, it exploded instantly in China and was highly praised by all walks of life. Our CEO even asked everyone in the company's sales department to read this book to improve sales performance.
If you haven't read this book, it doesn't matter. I will explain to you what "deliberate practice" means in the simplest and most understandable language and tell you why it is the only way for you to become a master.
(1) Deliberately. In the dictionary, deliberate means deliberate, deliberate, with all your thoughts. But this definition is of little guiding significance. In a word, intention must include two aspects:
Step out of the comfort zone. Always do what you are good at and comfortable with, and never make progress. Learning English means practicing saying "How are you? Fine, thank you" every day. When you meet a foreigner, you have nothing to say after greeting. What you need to practice is something slightly beyond your current ability. For example, if you practice listening, you should find materials that you don't understand. Practice reading, and be sure to challenge the article with new words.
Timely feedback. This is the second meaning of the word "deliberate". Because when you practice outside your comfort zone, it may not be sustainable. At this time, feedback is extremely important. Feedback lets you know where you are not doing well, and then correct it in time in the next exercise; Feedback lets you know that you are doing well, and then keep it up in the next exercise. What all sports coaches do is to give athletes feedback, correct their movements, strengthen their consciousness and finally achieve good results. Someone counted the training data of legendary American basketball coach john wooden, and found that he only praised and criticized players 5% of the time, while as much as 75% of the time was giving players feedback and adjusting their movements. By the same token, a good English teacher should not only give lectures, but also give students timely feedback, telling them what to maintain and what to improve.
(2) practice. Practice is a process of improving specific skills by repeating certain operations, so repetition is essential.
Repetition is painful because all your repetitions occur outside your comfort zone. But repetition is necessary, because brain science research has found that the essence of learning something is that specific neurons in the brain are connected. And this connection is a physical phenomenon. The connection will only happen if it is repeated enough times. The most typical example is memorizing a word, a complete stranger. If you want to remember it, you need to repeat it at least five times. Repetition within 5 times won't leave any impression on you. Because there is too little repetition, neurons are not connected. For another example, in sports training, the proportion of actual combat games is very small in the training time of truly high-level athletes. Many times, they just practice a little trick repeatedly. Only when a small gesture is repeated many times can neurons connect.
Of course, before I repeat, I want to remember one sentence: direction is more important than hard work. This direction is actually the existing routine of what you want to do.
Routine is the second key word for practice. There is a saying among programmers: Don't invent the wheel again. A mature field must have the experience and lessons of predecessors. These classes are all routines. When you know these routines before you start learning, you can avoid many detours and save a lot of time. Human civilization is developed in the inheritance of routines. Don't be shy, just use it directly. If you use them, you will naturally find some innovations.
Ok, get out of the comfort zone, timely feedback, repetition and routine, these are the four key words of deliberate practice.
Nothing new, is it?
You must have seen the concepts of "getting out of the comfort zone" and "direction is more important than hard work" in countless other articles, but when you put them together, you find that the previous theory of practice makes perfect, the 10,000-hour theory, is only a small part of the theory of "deliberate practice".
This is also the advanced point of deliberate practice.
5 actual operation
Having said so many theories, let's finally talk about practice.
After watching Deliberate Practice, I found that some things I was good at before, I unconsciously used the principle of deliberate practice when training.
For example, when I was studying table tennis, I specially signed up for a very professional table tennis training class. In this class, the coach will show us the core movements (routines) first, and then let us practice an action (repetition) on a basin of balls and correct my actions (feedback) at any time. When we master an action, the coach will increase the ball speed and spin (out of the comfort zone).
Out of the comfort zone, timely feedback, repetition, routines, these four elements, my table tennis level has naturally improved by leaps and bounds.
Another example is learning English. I learned English by watching American TV plays. First, I consulted some mature steps (routines) of watching American TV series to learn English online, and found an American TV series-Friends (out of the comfort zone) which was slightly higher than my English level at that time. I watched each episode at least four times (repeated), and then I went to the English corner to show off what I had learned, and took an exam to test the effect (feedback).
It lasted less than a year. My English level improved from about 500 in CET-6 to about TOEFL 1 10 (full marks in reading and listening), and later I became an IELTS TOEFL teacher.
Of course, I didn't know that I was "deliberately practicing" at that time. In fact, from childhood to college, I unconsciously adopted the method of deliberate practice in everything.
I have to say, I am very lucky.
Now that you know this method, you have mastered the key to becoming a master.