1, duplicate checking rate: duplicate checking rate is the most direct basis for judging whether a paper is repeated. The duplicate checking software will compare the paper with the documents in the database and calculate the proportion of duplicate content. The higher the duplicate checking rate, the lower the originality of the paper.

2. Keywords and sentences: Paperless paper duplicate checking software will identify keywords and long sentences in the paper and compare them with the documents in the database. If a large number of keywords and sentences similar to the existing literature appear in the paper, the duplicate checking rate may be high.

3. Paper structure: The overall structure of paper may also be the basis for judging duplicate checking. If the structure and outline of the paper are too similar to the existing literature, the duplicate checking software may think it is plagiarism.

Paying attention to ensuring the originality and academic integrity of the paper is the basic criterion for writing the paper, and trying to avoid over-quoting and copying other people's research results.