The nutritional management of aquatic plants is almost as important as the management of water temperature, light and carbon dioxide, but the mineral elements contained in fish feces are far from meeting the nutritional needs of aquatic plants.
It is best to maintain various nutrients needed by aquatic plants at a certain concentration. Supplementing the nutrient elements of aquatic plants regularly is an important means to maintain water balance. According to the different nutrients required by various aquatic plants, especially in tanks with red aquatic plants, nutritional iron fertilizer (also known as aquatic plant dye) is essential and must be added regularly. Otherwise, the red water plants will die or turn green. The red color in the aquarium is irreplaceable by other pigments. Red can make the finishing touch. Therefore, those who can plant red aquatic plants well are the masters of planting aquatic plants.
While aquatic plants are growing normally, the bloom of algae is inevitable. But the growth of algae will not only affect the beauty of aquarium, but also hinder the growth of aquatic plants. So it must be effectively controlled. Biological control is to use the principle of mutual restriction of organisms to put fish that feed on algae and eat the algae in the aquarium. Manual control is to control the feeding amount of fish and indirectly control the concentration of nitrate and phosphate in water. Another method is to add algaecide, which can effectively kill all kinds of algae. Changing fresh water regularly will also be beneficial to the growth of aquatic plants and inhibit the growth of algae.
Diseases and prevention of aquatic plants Common aquatic plant diseases include pathogenic diseases, physiological diseases and biological injuries, physical injuries and nutritional diseases. Algae damage and drug damage.
Pathogenic diseases of aquatic plants can be divided into fungal diseases and bacterial diseases. The symptoms of mycosis are destroying aquatic plants, interfering with cell activities and affecting normal metabolism, such as yellowing, leaf spot and rot of aquatic plants. This kind of situation mostly occurs in the local position of some aquatic plants, which is not easy to spread and spread. Prevention and control methods: mainly to cut off infected parts or remove diseased plants, establish a good ecosystem, strengthen management and enhance the self-resistance of aquatic plants.
Bacterial diseases, also known as rot, first appeared in the local distribution of aquatic plants, but soon spread to the whole plant or even the whole pot. Bacteria mainly enter aquatic plants from wounds and are highly contagious. At the beginning of the disease, there are waterlogged brown spots on the leaves, which gradually turn yellow, and even the whole leaves are fibrous and soluble in water. If they come into contact with healthy leaves, infection will happen soon. The main cause of the disease is that aquatic plants are infected by excessive temperature and a large number of bacteria during transportation, or that aquatic plants with wounds in water are infected by bacteria.
The control method is to cut off infected leaves and stems in time, eliminate diseased plants and reduce the source of germs; Sterilize with ultraviolet germicidal lamp; Replace fresh tap water and use chlorine in water to kill bacteria; Reduce the water temperature below 20℃ to slow down the propagation and spread of pathogenic bacteria; Use nitrofurazone, methylene blue, formalin, chlorine dioxide and other fungicides to kill bacteria.
The biological damage of aquatic plants is mainly caused by eating snails, shellfish and other organisms.
Snails and shellfish are good helpers in removing algae from water, but occasionally they eat aquatic plants for a change. The stems and leaves of edible aquatic plants are incomplete, which not only affects the appearance, but also is easy to be infected by bacteria.
In addition, moss-eating fish (such as pipa rats) have rough mouths, which are easy to wear the leaves of aquatic plants, thus leading to wound infection.
Improper operation or carelessness can also cause damage to aquatic plants. Therefore, the above situation should be avoided as far as possible in the water plant box. Once it appears, we must find ways to save it in time and reduce losses.
Physical injuries of aquatic plants, such as insufficient light, too high or too low water temperature, too much fertilization, and changes in pH and hardness of water, must be paid attention to in normal management.
Nutritional diseases of aquatic plants refer to diseases caused by lack of various nutrients. Similarly, overnutrition can also cause diseases. See the table below for specific factors and reasons.