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Mining projects are divided into coal mines and non-coal mines. Mining (English name: ore mining) is the technology and science of mining mineral resources from the earth's crust or surface. Generally speaking, it refers to the mining of metal or nonmetal deposits, and mining in a broad sense also includes the mining and mineral processing of coal and oil. Its essence is a process of selectively collecting and processing materials. Mining industry is an important raw material mining industry, such as metal ore is the main raw material of metallurgical industry, non-metal ore is chemical raw material and building material, and coal and petroleum are important energy sources. Most ores can only be used as industrial raw materials after beneficiation and enrichment.
The basis of mining science and technology is the theories of rock fragmentation, loose material migration, fluid transport, mine rock mechanics and mining system engineering. Need to apply the latest achievements of mathematics, physics, mechanics, chemistry, geology, system science, computer and other disciplines. On the basis of high mechanization, the production capacity and equipment utilization rate are further improved by improving the design, shape, material, manufacturing technology, inspection method and maintenance system of fully mechanized mining equipment. At the same time, the mine will realize automation and remote control in many links such as lifting, transportation, drainage, ventilation and gas monitoring. Both underground and open-pit mines will realize centralized automatic management and monitoring by computer. In some countries, robots have tried to mine minerals harmful to people in underground mining faces. On the other hand, with the continuous exploitation of underground minerals, the mining grade is from high to low, and resources are in short supply, forcing people to use low-grade minerals, choose appropriate mining and mineral processing methods, and comprehensively exploit and utilize them, so as to improve the utilization rate and recovery rate of mineral resources and reduce the loss rate and dilution rate of minerals. The harm of toxic gases, waste water, waste rocks and dust, noise and vibration produced in mining and mineral processing to the environment, land, atmosphere and water quality has always been a topic of concern. In the research of environmental protection, countries further put forward the long-term utilization of resources, especially the reuse of waste residue, waste rock and waste liquid, and the reuse of destroyed land. Formulate strong laws and take effective measures to ensure the mine environment.