To make good use of both typical examples and vivid arguments, it is necessary to describe the case in a highly general way, not for the sake of narration, and narration should serve the discussion: after describing the case, it is necessary to analyze the described case and refine the selected meaning with concise language. The mistake that students often make is that they only talk about examples without analyzing them, forming the wrong form of "argument+argument = viewpoint". In fact, writing a composition with factual arguments is like building a wall with bricks, the example is "bricks", and the analysis and discussion is the "mud" between bricks. Without this "mud" wall, it is not firm.
Argumentative argumentation methods generally include the following:
1. Analyze the reasons after the incident.
After describing the case, in order to close the relationship between the example and the viewpoint, or highlight the significance contained in the case, we should comment on it and analyze the reasons. The application of causal thinking in composition is to prove the argument by deeply and carefully analyzing the causal relationship between various things involved in the topic. It is generally characterized by analyzing the contents, forms and phenomena of the results of things to explore the reasons that determine the results of things, or to speculate on the results that will be produced by some reasons.
Example 1: Learn to be tolerant
The green mountains are attributed to the growth of trees. Although trees get a lot of nutrients from the mountains, they are built for the sake of green hills. Water is alive because fish swim in it. Although fish will muddy the water, it contains fish because of its freshness. The same is true of human beings. In the world, everyone will be different. There will always be personalities you don't like, and there will always be practices you are not satisfied with. Try to tolerate others: tolerate others' unintentional injuries, understand others' occasional excessive words, admit others' different views, and respect others' alternative practices ... such tolerance will give me a reward, which comes from others' respect and tolerance for you.
Hugging: using causal analysis, find out the causal relationship between materials and opinions after enumerating examples, and analyze and reason in the form of causal sentences. When writing, we should pay attention to the explanation and expression of the causal relationship between ideas and materials, and prove the reliability and correctness of the argument with the inevitable connection of causality. The forms of expression are often "because …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… In addition, when using causal thinking to analyze problems, don't be subjective and arbitrary, so as not to cause specious, simple and superficial arguments. We should seriously think about the cause of things, not just a single or superficial reason, but should think deeply in all directions and aspects according to the result and complicated situation of things.
Example 2: Talking about Hope
It is precisely because the fire of hope did not go out, so in the Chu-Han War, Liu Bang was able to defeat fearlessly, and finally unified the world and achieved the great cause of the Han Dynasty. It was precisely because the lamp of hope never went out that Sun Yat-sen was frustrated several times and finally overthrew the Manchu Dynasty and established the Republic of China. It is precisely because of his eternal hope that Chen Jingrun has been hiding in a small building for decades, and through hardships, he has declared an ironclad fact to the world with his own actions: the Chinese nation is invincible! Hope, hope is the driving force for progress and the magic weapon to overcome setbacks and failures.
Tip: This passage uses the thinking mode of tracing cause and effect to analyze the problem, uses three causal sentences to analyze and reason, firmly grasps the causal relationship between materials and makes a great explanation, emphasizes the inevitable relationship between cause and effect, and proves the reliability and correctness of the argument.
Exercise: Complement the discussion in the next paragraph.
Life can never be smooth sailing, there are always big and small hardships. Only by suffering can you achieve life. Beethoven was deaf in both ears, but he was able to create immortal symphonies under such hardships, which shocked people; Sima Qian suffered from corruption, but he was able to write Historical Records in such humiliation, and history was full; Li Ning, a generation of Prince of gymnastics, suddenly withdrew from sports after crying in Seoul, but it opened up a new world, making the "Li Ning brand" series of sporting goods popular in the sporting goods market in China. Suffering can make people break through the darkness and shine. ("Face to Face with Suffering")