For example, 1:

List conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument; Function: Demonstrate opinions concretely and forcefully, and enhance the persuasiveness of the article.

2, citing arguments:

The cited arguments are complicated and related to the specific cited materials, including quotes of famous sayings and aphorisms, authoritative data, anecdotes of celebrities, jokes and so on. Its function should be analyzed in detail, such as quoting famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data, which can enhance the persuasiveness and authority of the argument; Citing celebrity anecdotes and anecdotes can enhance the interest of the argument and attract readers.

3. Comparative demonstration:

Compare positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove arguments in comparison; (role: outstanding views, impressive).

4. Metaphorical argument:

Prove the argument by analogy with familiar things (function: demonstrate the point of view vividly, so that the article is easy to understand and accept). In addition, in refutation, the refutation methods of "spear belt, shield belt attack" and "reduction to absurdity" are often used comprehensively in most argumentative papers.

5, to fallacy:

Assume that the other party's argument is correct first, and then infer from this argument, thus drawing an extremely absurd conclusion. Reduction to absurdity, an argument method to refute the other side's argument, is mainly used to refute the article. This argument method is often combined with spicy and sharp language to produce spicy, powerful and humorous expression effect.

6. Theoretical argumentation:

The purpose is to prove the universality and regularity of argument.

7, causal argument

In nature and society, various phenomena are generally related, and causal connection is one of the manifestations of universal connection between phenomena. Causality is a universal and inevitable connection, and there is no phenomenon that is not caused by some reason; When the cause and all necessary conditions exist, the result will inevitably happen.

The so-called reason refers to the phenomenon that produces a certain phenomenon and precedes a certain phenomenon; The so-called result refers to the result of cause. There is a time sequence relationship between cause and result, but not all phenomena with time sequence relationship are causal; In addition to the time series relationship, causality must also meet a condition that the result is caused by the action of the cause.

In argumentative writing, according to the regularity that objective things have this universal and inevitable causal connection, it is causal argument to demonstrate the result by prompting the reasons.