Abstract: With the continuous promotion of Guangdong's double transfer and the rapid development of xingning city's local economy, the ecological environment has become an important prerequisite for development, construction and development. Urban landscaping is an important means for human beings to improve the urban environment. As one of the garden elements, plants are becoming more and more important. Although the urban construction in xingning city started earlier, the plant landscape has only developed by leaps and bounds in recent years. In the construction of urban public green space, we should pay attention to plant landscaping, and use artificial pruning and combination to transform existing plants into various shapes, so that the landscape is full of emotion and meaning, and further improve the grade of public green space. The arrangement of plants in xingning city aims at giving full play to the functions of plant characteristics, organizing plant communities with rich levels, forming plant landscapes in different seasons, integrating ecological concepts, achieving a reasonable and colorful spatial sequence and meeting people's needs in urban life.
Introduction: With the continuous promotion of "double transfer" in Guangdong Province, the ecological environment has become an important prerequisite for development, construction and development. Urban landscaping is an important means for human beings to improve the urban environment. As one of the garden elements, plants are becoming more and more important. Perfect plant landscape design must have a high degree of unity of science and artistry, and through the principle of artistic composition, it reflects the formal beauty of individual and group plants and the artistic conception beauty produced by people when they appreciate it. We should also consider the influence of local culture and people's quality on garden plant landscape. Taking my hometown of xingning city as an example, this paper makes a preliminary discussion on all aspects of garden plant landscaping.
1 Plant Landscape Status in xingning city
1. 1 xingning city Natural Survey
Xingning city is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province. It belongs to a typical subtropical monsoon climate with concentrated precipitation. The annual average temperature in urban areas is 20℃, the lowest temperature is 4℃, and the highest temperature is 38℃. ; The dominant wind direction in the urban area is southeast wind; The frost-free period is 330 days.
Xingning city is an important regional business center city in the northeast of Guangdong Province, but in the process of rapid economic development, the pollutants produced are large in quantity, large in area, wide in scope, complex in composition and toxic. Therefore, compared with other cities, it needs to rely on more and more abundant plants to coexist with it, and also needs to use plants to purify and degrade pollutants, improve urban microclimate, maintain urban ecological balance, protect ecological environment and improve urban environmental quality.
1.2 Status of Plant Landscape in xingning city
1.2. 1 the concept of plant landscaping
Plant landscaping is the application of trees, shrubs, vines, herbs and aquatic plants to create landscapes, giving full play to the natural beauty of plants such as their own shapes, lines and colors, and planting them into beautiful and moving pictures for people to enjoy.
1.2.2 overall plant landscaping in xingning city
Xingning city is located in Lingnan, with a humid climate, and a large number of native tree species are used, supplemented by exotic tree species. Economic tree species are also properly configured; Ginkgo biloba is also being planted. Basically, trees, shrubs, flowers and grass are combined, and limited plant materials are used for reasonable plant selection and configuration to create a beautiful plant landscape. Plants have a small amount of modeling pruning, lifelike. In Xingning, there are some native tree species with local characteristics, such as tea trees, which are rarely used in plant landscaping. The color of plants is not rich enough, and only the formal beauty of plant landscape is paid attention to, while the artistic conception is ignored.
1.2.3 Plant landscaping in parks and squares
The urban construction of Xingning started late, and the plant landscape has only developed by leaps and bounds in recent years. In the construction of urban public green space, we should pay attention to plant landscaping, and use artificial pruning and combination to transform existing plants into various shapes, so that the landscape is full of emotion and meaning, and further improve the grade of public green space. At present, there are more than ten parks, squares and scenic spots in our city. According to the field investigation and consulting materials in these places, I have drawn the following characteristics of plant landscaping:
(1) People's Park
People's Park is the earliest real park in xingning city. There are many kinds of trees and trees, all of which are old and contain a large area of water. Considering the cultural function of the landscape, weeping willows are very beautiful in the wind near the water. There are stone tables and benches under the tree, and many entertainment facilities are also surrounded by shade. However, the layout of plants in the park is not very reasonable and uneven.
(2) Shenguangshan Park
Shenguangshan Park is a park based on Shen Guang. There are many kinds of plants in the park, including dozens of thousand-year-old trees. Plant landscape has the overall planning idea, and has been rated as AAA-level scenic tourist area.
(3) Mingzhu Cultural Square
Cultural Square is the largest square in Xingning city, with few plant species and nearly 100 trees of various shapes. However, the hardened area of the square is relatively large. In order to make up for this defect, artificial flower beds will be arranged in summer.
(4) Mingzhu Sports Park
Sports Park is a large public green space newly built in 2009. There are thousands of rare trees in the park, and the arrangement of flowers and plants with large color blocks attracts attention. But at present, the trees in the park are generally young.
(5) Feng Ying Promenade
Feng Ying Avenue used to be an urban sewage ditch, which was rebuilt by the municipal government several years ago. The whole promenade is a multi-layer mixed greening mode of trees, shrubs, flowers and grass, which makes the sewage ditch as long as 1 100 meters become a three-dimensional painting. City residents will play cards under the century-old banyan tree and chat in the log booth after dinner.
(6) Folk Song Square
Folk song square was built to set off the Pearl Cultural Square. There are only common street trees in it, with large hardened area and few plant species.
(7) Fuxing Square, Pacific Square, Yingfeng Square, Huangling City Park, Railway Culture Square and Citizen Square.
These squares are small in area, with willow, weeping elm and king coconut as the main ones. There are few plant species, mainly the water permeability configuration of ground cover plants, and fewer trees are small.
(7) Riverside scenic tourist belt
Riverside scenic tourist belt is a strip garden centered on Ningjiang River, which was built the year before last. There are many kinds of plants and rich landscapes. Because it is an open space with many entrances and exits, the plant landscape is highly permeable. Plants are distributed evenly and reasonably, forming a comprehensive green space system consisting of green space, green corridors and green nets. The cultivation of the whole plant is focused and distinctive, changing in unity and unifying in enrichment. However, there are few landscape trees, and each section of green space is basically the same, without its own characteristics.
1.2.4 plant landscaping in residential areas
Plant landscaping in residential areas of xingning city started late and its level was low. Basically, the lawn is dotted with some flowers, shrubs and trees, or surrounded by trimmed hedges. The species, colors and forms of plants are monotonous, and their ecological functions are not obvious.
1.2.5 road plant landscaping
The selection of street trees is suitable for local unique tree species, including banyan, magnolia grandiflora, Dawang coconut and so on, and the overall landscape effect is very good. However, the road construction is late, the road greening planting time is short, the crown is small, and the shading effect is not very good. The green belt is narrow, there are few rest squares on the roadside, and the plant landscaping is not good.
2 xingning city plant landscaping function
2 1 century is the century of ecological environment civilization. Ecological human settlement environment should realize the harmony and unity of natural environment, humanistic environment and ecological environment. Urban greening system should have four functions, namely, ecological environment function, landscape function, cultural function and leisure activity function.
2. 1 Eco-environmental function of plant landscaping
Greening is the foundation, beautification is the important function of gardens, ecologicalization is the fundamental way out for the sustainable development of modern gardens, and it is an indispensable link for social development and human civilization progress in the 2/kloc-0 century.
2.2 Landscape function of plant landscaping
Nowadays, cement forests are everywhere in cities, which makes people more dependent on nature and hope to live in a garden city with flowers and birds. The purpose of urban landscape created by plant landscaping is to create the best comfortable urban living space, and make the landscape nodes, representative buildings and landmark buildings in the city coherent and systematic, so as to lead people's activities out of the small life box and bring them to their favorite environment, where people will feel comfortable living, working and studying.
2.3 Cultural function of plant landscaping
The promotion of modern urban civilization pays more and more attention to the unity of external image and internal spiritual and cultural quality while paying attention to scientific and technological progress and economic development. The existence of food culture, costume culture, folk culture, architectural culture and many other cultures has enriched the inner beauty of the city and extended its context. Among them, the plant culture in the garden is an indispensable part of the urban spiritual connotation.
2.4 the impact of plant landscaping on Hakka culture
Xingning city is one of the most representative Hakka cities in People's Republic of China (PRC). As one of the eight pure Hakka counties (cities) in Guangdong, Jianxian 1600 years ago, the local folk houses, folk customs and speeches have distinctive Hakka characteristics. Hakka dwellings in Xingning are mainly divided into two styles: North Mountain and South Water. The south is similar to a water town, with enclosure dragon house as the main structure. There is a grain flat in front of the enclosure dragon house, which is mainly used for drying crops and weddings. In front of Heping, there is a pond for fish farming, laundry and fire prevention. In summer, it has become a paradise for children to swim. In front of most villages, there is a small river for farmland irrigation. There are fish and shrimp in the river. There is a dense private bamboo forest behind the house, where all kinds of birds live and live in peace with people. All these represent the simple garden art of Hakkas. The enclosure of Longwu in the building is characterized by the "Tai Chi Circle" with the north-south meridian as the central axis and the east-west symmetry. The front is low and the back is high, and the priorities are clear. The pond in front of the house is integrated with the "Dragon Circle" behind the main hall, and dozens or hundreds of living units are set around the hall and patio, which is suitable for dozens, hundreds or hundreds of people to live together. It is scientific, practical and ornamental in design and construction, showing the outstanding talents and superb skills of Hakka ancestors. Known by Chinese and foreign architectural scholars as five characteristic residential buildings in China. The rise and fall of Hakka enclosed houses has experienced a history of 1000 years. Nowadays, Hakka people have stepped out of the closed dragon circle, out of the narrow mountain gate and into the vast world. Dragon Circle has become a historical relic and a unique landscape.
3 Overview of Garden Plants in xingning city
3. 1 Landscape Architecture Development in xingning city
Beautiful landscape, rich religious and cultural resources and Hakka cultural resources are integrated, which together constitute a unique, mysterious, cordial and colorful tourism resource in xingning city. Beautiful natural scenery and good ecological environment make xingning city show broad development prospects. With the further improvement of traffic conditions and the further development and popularization of tourism resources, it will be of great significance to transform xingning city's ecological environment, build Hakka tourism brands and expand regional economy.
3.2 Overview of Garden Plants
To sum up, the plant configuration in xingning city aims to give full play to the functions of plant characteristics, organize plant communities with rich levels, form plant landscapes in different seasons, and integrate ecological concepts to achieve a reasonable and colorful spatial sequence to meet people's needs in urban life.