In the contradictory system composed of many contradictions, the development of various contradictory forces is unbalanced. The principal contradiction is dominant and plays a decisive role in the development of things.

As the saying goes, "arms can't twist thighs." This proverb vividly tells us that the opposing forces are unbalanced. What is powerful is the principal contradiction, which determines the development direction of things. In the war, "the weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as human harmony." "Human harmony" is the main contradiction in the war and the key factor to win the war. In the complex contradiction system, we should be good at cutting the gordian knot and sorting out the main contradictions, so as to grasp the development direction of things. The contradiction is caught wrong, which is serious. In 1950s and 1960s, * * * misjudged the situation and put forward "taking class struggle as the key link". As a result, it failed to grasp the main contradiction-economic construction. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the state clearly put forward "taking economic construction as the center". So, we began to get rich.

While grasping the main contradiction, we can't ignore the influence of the secondary contradiction on the development of things. Under certain conditions, a minor will become a major.

"A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise." This idiom contains the philosophical thought of mutual change of primary and secondary. In the case of "losing the horse", disaster is the main contradiction, and happiness is the contradiction that can no longer be taken. But when the lost horse brought back many wild horses, the luck changed, that is, the priorities changed. In a secondary contradiction. Being weak is not terrible. As long as we grasp the main contradiction and the strong and weak, we can push the contradiction to change in the opposite direction. At the beginning of the struggle between Chu and Han, Han was secondary and weak, but in the end, the overlord of Chu ended up committing suicide in Wujiang River. The same is true of the domestic two parties. * * * was in a secondary position and was a weak force, but it won the hearts of the people, gained the right to speak, and finally won.

To solve the contradiction problem, we should consider both the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction, but the key point is to consider the main contradiction, so as to finally solve the problem well. If we don't pay attention to priorities, we will cause losses. When there is a fire, it goes without saying, save people first, or save things first, or splash water first. Of course. If you can save things after saving people, but you don't, it's also stupid. It is not right to catch evenly or just a little.

2. The role of Chinese reading regardless of primary or secondary (1) The role of a sentence in the text: 1, the beginning of the text: the opening point; Render the atmosphere (prose), pave the way (narrative), and set suspense (novel, but not tested in Shanghai) as the auxiliary paving way for the following; Below the general collar; 2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above; 3. At the end of the article: point out the center (prose); Deepen the theme (narrative); The beginning of reference (argumentative, narrative, novel) (2) the function of rhetoric: (1) its own function; (2) Combined with sentence context.

1, figuratively personified: vivid; Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics. 2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ; Answer format: key+object+feature 3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking; Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics; Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc. 4. Contrast: emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize … emphasize.

When answering a question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence. (4) Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why? Verb: No.

Because this word accurately, vividly and concretely writes adjectives:No. Because this word vividly describes adverbs (such as Du, Da Du, Very Only, etc. ): No.

Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts. (5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why? I can't.

Because: (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence). (2) There is a one-to-one correspondence between this word and the above.

(3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged. (6) Duan Yi Summary 1. Narrative: Answer clearly (when and where) who did what.

Format: (time+place)+people+things. 2. explanation: the answer clearly explains what the object is and what its characteristics are.

Format: explanation (introduction)+explanation object+explanation content (characteristics) 3. Discuss the article: clearly answer what the question is and what the author thinks. Format: What argumentation method is used to prove (argumentation)+argumentation (7) Expression skills play an important role in the appreciation of ancient poetry, such as allusion, comparison, rendering, comparison, token, scene blending, lyricism by borrowing scenery, combination of static and dynamic, combination of reality and fiction, euphemism and implication, comparison, allegory, symbol, pun, etc.

The rhetorical methods commonly used in poetry include exaggeration, parallelism, duality, metaphor, metonymy, analogy, rhetorical question, rhetorical question and repetition. The commonly used terms in analyzing poetry language are: accurate, vivid, vivid, concise, incisive, concise, bright, fresh, novel, beautiful, gorgeous, implicit, simple and natural.

When reviewing, we should systematically summarize all kinds of expression skills and reserve relevant knowledge. First of all, we should understand the characteristics and functions of these expressive skills, and then carefully appreciate and analyze them in combination with specific poems.

As for evaluating the ideological content of poetry and the author's attitude, it includes summarizing the main idea of the work, analyzing the social reality reflected by the work, and pointing out its positive significance or limitations. In short, the first step to appreciate ancient poetry is to grasp the content of poetry from the following aspects: 1 Read the title and comments carefully; 2. Analyze the image; 3. Taste the artistic conception; 4 contact the author.

Step 2, find out the skills: 1 Grasp the image features; 2. Differentiate expression skills; 3 Explain the expression function. The third step is to evaluate the contents and opinions: 1 summarize the main idea; 2 contact background; 3 distinguish between primary and secondary; 4. Comprehensive evaluation.

When answering questions, we should pay special attention to the following points: first, we should stick to the requirements and not generalize; Second, the main points should be complete and should be considered from multiple angles; The third is to scrutinize the terms and strive to be accurate, concise and standardized. Distinguishing easily confused terms (1) The artistic method of distinguishing "ways and techniques" is also called expression skills, including: ① expression: narration, description, lyricism, discussion and explanation.

(2) Expression techniques: arousing, associating, setting off, suppressing, caring, being positive, symbolizing, contrasting, changing from reality to emptiness, combining reality with reality, using allusions, expressing one's mind directly, expressing feelings by borrowing scenery, blending scenes, expressing ideas by borrowing the past, satirizing the present, turning motion into stillness, combining motion with motion, seeing the big from the small, and getting to the point. Rhetoric: metaphor, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, contrast, analogy, parallelism, rhetorical question, quotation, irony and repetition.

(2) The difference between "emotion" and "scenery" is that poets express their feelings through scenery. "Expressing emotion by borrowing scenery" is relatively direct, and the feeling after reading the poem is to see "emotion" but not "scenery"; "Emotion in the scene" and "scene blending".

When expressing feelings, there are no words on the front. After reading the poem, I feel that I see the "scenery" but can't see the "emotion". However, careful analysis shows that the poet's feelings are all in the natural scenery in front of him, and all the scenery and words are sentimental. (3) Common description angles are: shape, sound, color, state and taste.

"Shape" and "color" are perspectives; "Sound" is the angle of hearing; "State" is divided into dynamic and static; "Taste" is the angle of touch. Example of answer (06 Pudong New Area Simulation) Answer 1: Agreed.

With the theme of "Shan Ge", this paper describes the different nature of many mountains by anthropomorphic methods, which endows them with human spirituality: whether the mountains in the south are beautiful without losing their wildness, the mountains in the north are robust without losing their charm, or the mountains in the west are dignified and silent ... In short, the author's description of mountains in different regions and styles is meaningful, which makes people appreciate the feelings of mountains and has a stable writing atmosphere. Answer 2: I agree.

First of all, a large number of figures of speech such as personification and metaphor are used to endow the mountain with rich personality and temperament; Secondly, the atmosphere is selected to describe the personality of the mountains in the south, north and west, giving readers a comprehensive understanding; Finally, the relationship between mountains and people was sublimated, and the thinking space was expanded: the atmosphere filled it. As far as the college entrance examination in Shanghai is concerned, its concept is to serve students and universities, rather than standing on the opposite side of students and embarrassing them by setting questions. It will provide a stage and opportunity for students, and the questions should have answers.

3. How to write the content of an explanatory essay? The summary of basic knowledge of expository writing is a kind of style with explanation as the main expression, which is used to introduce a concrete thing or explain an abstract thing. There are the following aspects to examine the reading comprehension of an expository article. 1. Specify the object. To read an expository article, we must first find out what its explanatory object is. Whether to introduce a concrete thing or explain an abstract thing. (1) when determining the object of interpretation, it is easier to grasp the object of interpretation, such as the entity's interpretation text, and some topics are the object of interpretation, such as the stone arch bridge in China, the Great Hall of the People, Suzhou gardens, etc. But this method can't be used to read all explanatory articles. For example, the explanation object of the Dead Sea is' dead'. If the title is the only explanation object of the article, it will affect the understanding of the article. Therefore, the object of general descriptive articles can be found in the title, and the object of descriptive articles can't just look at the title. ② Some explanatory articles, especially those about matters, just read through the full text and think and analyze on the basis of overall perception of the general content of the article. In order to clarify the explanatory objects of the article, we should also be careful not to mistake some explanatory objects in the explanatory article for the explanatory objects of the full text. There are generally three ways to ask questions to investigate this knowledge point: ① point out what the explanation object is; ② Summarize the main contents of the explanation; ③ Find the central sentence. When answering a question, we should first pay attention to distinguish whether the scope of the question is full text or paragraph. Then make corresponding answers for different ranges. In addition, "the main content of interpretation" is different from "the object of interpretation", and the main content described by an object is equal to the object of interpretation plus its characteristics. The main content of the narrative needs to be summarized from the reasons, nature and solutions of the phenomenon. Sometimes the central sentence of a paragraph is the main content of this paragraph. Main content: Narrative: Explanatory Object+Characteristic Narrative: Summarize the causes, nature and solutions of the phenomenon (central sentence) 2. Grasp the characteristics of things. (essential characteristics) the characteristics of things are the signs that one thing is different from other things. No matter what kind of expository text, the characteristics of the explained object are always the core of interpretation. Only by grasping the characteristics of the explained object can we better understand the explained things and things. For specific things, candidates are often asked to point out what are the characteristics of explanatory texts. How to grasp the characteristics of expository writing? (1) After defining the object of explanation, we should start with the content of the article to explain things, from which we can understand and summarize the characteristics of the object. We must grasp what the article is saying or how to explain things. (2) Grasp the central sentence and key words of the article. Sometimes the modifiers in the title directly explain the characteristics of things, such as the majestic Great Hall of the People. Sometimes central sentences are used to summarize the characteristics of things, such as Suzhou gardens. Sometimes it is necessary to summarize the main points of a paragraph. For example, the second paragraph of "China Stone Arch Bridge" points out: "Stone arch bridge appeared earlier in the history of bridges in the world. This kind of bridge is not only beautiful in form, but also firm in structure. " Surface features and essential features, such as the Dead Sea, are immortal: Surface features: It is submerged, without life, all living things can't survive. Basic characteristics: The salinity of seawater is very high. 3. Clearly explain the order. There are three common interpretation orders: ① time order: that is, time order is the interpretation order. Generally used to introduce people's lives, record the research history of scientists, explain the occurrence and development of common affairs or explain the production steps. ② spatial order: that is, according to the spatial existence form of things. It is generally used to explain the structure or form of things in the order of front and back, up and down, up and down, east and west, north and south, or from whole to part. (3) Logical order: that is, the order of interpretation is arranged according to the internal relations of things or the process of people's understanding of things. The internal relations of things include causal relationship, hierarchical relationship, primary and secondary relationship, total score relationship and parallel relationship. The process of understanding things refers to from shallow to deep, from phenomenon to essence, from concrete to generalization. Generally speaking, logical order is the main interpretation order in explanatory texts. The structure, order and structure of interpretation are two concepts. Description order: specifically, it is the arrangement of description content order. Structure of the article: the combination of all parts of the article. Structural form: overall structure: ① Leading out the explanatory object (introduction); (2) explain the object (main part); ③ Summarize the basic mode of explaining the object (end part): ① horizontal structure (explaining several aspects of things) ② vertical structure (explaining the result or production process of things) ③ crisscross. As far as the main part is concerned, due to the different relations between paragraphs, several common forms have been formed: juxtaposition, coherence, progression and total score (total score, total score and total score). 5. Master the explanation method. Common explanation methods include definition, classification, enumeration, example, comparison, list and so on. (1). "Definition" means to make comprehensive and strict provisions and forms for the defined concepts in scientific language. "So-and-so's name" can also be expressed in the form of "So-and-so's name". For example, the overall planning method is a mathematical method to arrange the work process. Definition should be rigorous and scientific. Not all judgments are definitions. For example, "Wind is a weapon for desert to attack human beings" is a metaphor, which shows the role of wind in attacking human beings in desert, not scientific language. This is not a definition. For example, the phrase "the characteristic of human language is that it can express endless meanings" is the characteristic of explanatory language, not the definition. It seems that explanatory and descriptive language are not definitions. This definition can usually be reversed. The function of definition is to explain the essential characteristics of things accurately and concisely, which belongs to a general description. (2) Classification is based on certain standards. Explain things in several categories. For example, when introducing the way of sandstorm attack in March to the desert, it was said that "one can be called guerrilla warfare ... and the other is called positional warfare ...", and a classified explanation method was adopted. It should be noted that there must be certain standards for the classification of things, so as to make both eyes clear and avoid overlapping, and then explain them after classification. The function of classification is to be orderly.

4. How to write a travel essay I haven't traveled anywhere [thinking analysis] The following is a general introduction. As for how to write it, it is best to write [problem solving process] 1 according to the following principles combined with your own interests and characteristics. What is a trip? Travel notes, as the name implies, are records of a trip, sightseeing, visit, etc. Here, travel has many meanings: traveling, sightseeing, visiting, inspecting, etc. Lyric travel notes are mainly used to express feelings; Scenery travel notes are mainly used to describe scenery and scenery; Taking a trip to explain a truth is a kind of reasoning travel notes. But no matter what kind of travel notes, they all describe natural scenery, scenic spots, urban landscapes and people and things in the landscape to achieve the purpose of taking notes, expressing feelings and reasoning. Therefore, when writing travel notes, there must be a record of "travel". Without "Travel Notes", there would be no "Travel Notes". Pay attention to the following points when writing: 1. Clues in travel notes Some people say that writing articles is like beading. Without a clue to connect all the elements, the article will be fragmented or chaotic. This is especially true when writing travel notes. There must be a reasonable clue running through it. This clue can also be said to be the order of writing. In travel notes, the most commonly used writing order may be whereabouts, that is, in the order of sightseeing. For example, a travel note about visiting a zoo can be described one by one in the order of the visit. In addition, the relationship between the organization and orientation of the scene is also used as a clue for memory tour. We suggest that when beginners write travel notes, they must use certain clues to organize the articles. In order to form a coherent writing habit from the beginning. 2. The subject in travel notes refers to the person or group who did it. Since it is tourism, there must be a main body of tourism. In the writing of travel notes, if there are no characters, it is almost the same as expository writing or landscape prose. There are also many different ways to ask questions in travel notes, which can be pointed out at the beginning. For example, at the beginning of a travel note, an author wrote: "In addition, the theme of the travel note can also appear naturally in the writing process or be pointed out at the end of the article. 3. The description of scenery in travel notes is also an important part of travel notes. Man is the subject and scenery is the object. The description of scenery in travel notes should be written selectively and emphatically according to the needs of writing. It is best to match the theme of the article. For example, a classmate writes an article about visiting the Great Wall. It focuses on the ancient grandeur of the Great Wall and the clean and tidy scenic environment around it, and closely combines the description of scenery with the theme of cultural relics protection and environmental protection. When writing travel notes, you must pay attention to the places you have been or have been to, such as aquarium, prairie, science and technology museum, etc. 5. Remember to prioritize your travel notes. Although it is a record of a tour, it is not a comprehensive record. I once saw a travel note written by a college student, starting with getting up in the morning, and then writing about how to eat breakfast, how to go out by car, what I saw on the road, what happened ... all the way home. A travel book has written tens of thousands of words, but nothing can move people. This way of writing is not a travel book, but a running account, and no one wants to read it. Important itinerary, distinctive landscape, things that play an important role in expressing the main body of the article, etc. , should focus on the description, while others should be ignored or simply omitted. In this way, the articles written can be clearly defined, the theme is prominent and exquisite.