Construction supervision in architectural decoration engineering supervision

With the development of modern architecture in China and the continuous improvement of people's cultural living standards, the requirements for indoor environment, external atmosphere and plastic arts are getting higher and higher. Architectural decoration is not only used in high-end hotels, shopping malls and hotels, but also has entered ordinary people's families. Professional architectural decoration team has become an indispensable main force in the architectural decoration industry.

Architectural decoration is based on aesthetic principles and is a synthesis of art and technology. A certain decorative effect depends to a great extent on certain technical means, so it is necessary to use the characteristics of various decorative materials and constantly updated design skills to realize this artistic work. Therefore, it is very important to communicate the relationship between decoration design, decoration materials and construction management, constantly improve this knowledge and master the management of its internal key links, so as to promote our targeted and guiding supervision in decoration and transformation. At the same time, through our supervision, it will further promote the healthy development of architectural decoration application technology and improve the quality of architectural decoration engineering.

First, the design and investment control of architectural decoration engineering

1, determination of design scheme

The determination of architectural decoration scheme is the necessary procedure of the whole project, and any architectural decoration scheme must be determined according to the owner's safe use function and requirements. As a supervisor, we must first master the actual situation of the building structure, installation and construction quality, layout and function of water, electricity, heating and ventilation equipment. At the same time, it is necessary to understand the owner's requirements for decoration, functional requirements and the owner's intention. A beautiful decoration design scheme must meet the requirements of the building structure. Only through the selection of materials, accurate construction technology, meticulous construction technology and strict management can the overall effect of the unity of functionality, comfort, safety and artistry be achieved. Clever Party A attaches great importance to the determination of design scheme. As a supervision unit of decoration engineering, it should cooperate with the owner under the principle of meeting the use function of the project, and in line with the leading idea of economy, practicality and beauty, it should discuss with the owner repeatedly, study and determine the best decoration standard and effect, and sort out the complete decoration engineering design scheme.

Decoration design stage is the key stage of decoration engineering quality and investment control, and the relationship between quality and investment must be handled well. Between quality and investment, quality is the core, and investment depends on quality. The basic requirements for the engineering quality in the decoration design stage are: to make the engineering quality meet the requirements of the owner under the condition of conforming to the current codes and standards. In the decoration design stage, besides meeting the requirements of quality and investment, we should also consider the construction feasibility, construction safety and design economy, which is also one of the main contents of quality control of design supervision.

2, decoration engineering investment control

The investment control of architectural decoration engineering should start from the design stage, and the design should meet its quality and functional requirements, not exceed the planned investment and save as much as possible. The supervision engineer should carefully examine the budget of the design unit, and if the investment is found to exceed, he should make suggestions to the owner, and under the instructions of the owner, notify the design unit to modify the design to control the investment.

In the process of design or construction, if the owner proposes changes, the supervision engineer should be cautious, carefully analyze and fully study the impact of design changes on investment and progress, and submit the analysis results to the owner, who will finally decide whether to change the design.

In decoration engineering, the investment of main equipment and materials accounts for about 60%~70% of the whole decoration engineering investment, which is extremely important for investment control. The supervision engineer should also fully study the uses and functions of main materials and equipment, understand the requirements of the owner, and ensure that the selection and procurement of main materials and equipment are economical, which not only meets the functional requirements of the owner, but also reduces the cost. Reasonable investment refers to the minimum cost under the condition of meeting the functional requirements of the owner.

Second, the review and control of the construction progress of architectural decoration engineering

The preparation of the construction progress plan is mainly based on the project and scope included in the construction contract and the construction period. Due to the different styles of decoration engineering, complex and changeable technology, and the cross construction of multiple professional jobs, it is required that the progress should be focused. We must focus on the key parts in different periods. In the construction progress plan, there should be individual quantities and labor arrangements. In the overall decoration plan, time should be set aside for water and electricity, air conditioning and refrigeration, heating and ventilation and equipment installation.

In the control of construction progress, supervisors should strictly supervise the construction unit to complete the planned projects on schedule, find and analyze the reasons for the projects with delayed construction period in time, take effective measures and strengthen the organization to catch up. And in the regular project meeting, reasonable overall planning and coordination of construction, which is very difficult to extend the construction period, should try to provide convenience to realize the implementation of the total schedule.

Third, building decoration quality control

1, construction method

"Code for Construction and Acceptance of Building Decoration Engineering" once stipulated: "Before the construction of advanced decoration engineering, samples (samples or standard rooms) should be made in advance, and they can be carried out only after being approved by relevant departments". Therefore, before large-scale construction, the construction unit is required to have samples or sample rooms of main materials, and the construction shall be carried out in strict accordance with the samples after being confirmed by Party A and the supervisor. In multi-unit construction, in order to avoid the phenomenon of anti-work caused by inconsistent practices, one unit can be designated to make a single sample first, and the design can be promoted only after it is approved by Party A and the supervisor.

According to the general construction procedure, the preparation of decoration construction scheme should follow the principle of "from top to bottom, from easy to difficult", including:

First, prepare the construction measures and quality control measures of components and outsourcing projects that need to be prefabricated outside the site;

The second is to prepare the installation scheme of prefabricated components (decorative modeling) on site;

The third is to prepare, coordinate and cooperate with the equipment installation unit for cross-construction measures.

According to the overall construction progress plan, organize the main site management personnel of the construction unit to conduct joint inspection on a regular basis or by parts, and the inspection contents mainly focus on the construction quality, progress and safety. Problems found in the inspection should be rectified in time. Through joint inspection, mutual promotion and improvement can be achieved.

2. Technical measures

All units undertaking the construction of architectural decoration projects should have corresponding qualifications and establish a quality management system. The construction unit shall carry out the construction organization design according to the design drawings, construction contracts and specifications. The construction organization design shall be reviewed and approved by the contractor company and relevant departments, and submitted to the supervisor and the construction unit for approval before construction. The construction unit shall carry out the construction in accordance with the relevant construction technical standards or the approved construction technical scheme, and implement quality control over the whole construction process.

Units and personnel undertaking the construction of architectural decoration projects shall have corresponding qualifications and certificates.

The construction unit shall abide by the laws and regulations on environmental protection and take effective measures to control the pollution and harm of dust, waste gas, waste, noise and vibration on the construction site to the surrounding environment.

Construction units shall abide by laws and regulations on construction safety, labor protection, fire prevention and theft prevention, establish corresponding management systems, and equip them with necessary equipment, appliances and signs.

3, quality assurance measures

The construction quality of architectural decoration engineering should comply with the design requirements and the Code for Quality Acceptance of Architectural Decoration Engineering (GB502 10-200 1).

The construction unit shall be responsible for the quality problems caused by the construction in violation of the design documents and specifications.

In the construction of architectural decoration, it is strictly forbidden to change the main load-bearing structure of the building without authorization in violation of the design documents or the main quality problems caused by the construction in violation of the design documents and specifications, and the construction unit shall be responsible for them.

During the construction of building decoration, it is strictly forbidden to change the main load-bearing structure or main use function of the building in violation of the design documents: it is strictly forbidden to dismantle or change the water, heating, electricity, gas and ventilation facilities without the design confirmation and approval of the relevant departments of the construction unit.

Architectural decoration and sub-projects involving concealed acceptance must be reported to the construction unit and supervision for inspection before they can be transferred to the next process.

Formulate measures to ensure the use function, maintenance function and inspection function of equipment and facilities, so as to avoid affecting the normal use and maintenance of facilities after transformation.

4, construction quality control

Strictly supervise the construction unit in accordance with the construction procedures stipulated in the construction plan. The construction unit should do a good job in the handover inspection of each working procedure, organize relevant parties to accept concealed works, make records according to regulations, and resolutely prohibit unqualified parts from entering the next working procedure. Decoration concealed works should focus on acceptance of heat preservation, anti-corrosion, sound insulation, anchorage of stress members, electric wires and pipes, ventilation pipes, fire prevention, etc., and urge the construction unit to fill in the acceptance records of concealed works carefully.

Architectural decoration engineering should be carried out after the quality acceptance of grass-roots and base surface. Before the renovation of existing buildings, the grass-roots units should be treated and meet the requirements of Code for Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration Engineering (GB502 10-200 1).

The installation and debugging of pipelines and equipment should be completed before the construction of architectural decoration, and when it must be carried out at the same time, it should be completed before the construction of facing layer. Decoration works shall not affect the construction and maintenance of pipelines and equipment. Architectural decoration projects involving gas pipelines must comply with the relevant provisions of safety management.

Acceptance of sub-projects shall be carried out in strict accordance with specifications, quality evaluation standards, design requirements and model standards, and inspection and acceptance records shall be filled in as required. After the construction of a single project, the construction unit shall conduct self-inspection in time, fill in the inspection records as required, and report to the supervision and inspection on the basis of passing the self-inspection. Resolutely rectify the unqualified parts (products) detected. The supervisor should strictly review the rectification.

5. Quality control of decorative materials

The quality of the materials used in the decoration project is very important.

The supervision engineer shall require the construction unit to inform the supervision unit in advance before all decorative materials enter the site, check the variety, specification, appearance and size of the materials, and check the product certificate, Chinese instruction and related performance test report according to the design and specification requirements.

The supervision engineer shall require the construction unit to randomly sample the retest materials and send them to a qualified testing unit for retest under the witness of the supervision witness. Only after the qualified test results are obtained can they be officially used.

The supervisor shall refuse to sign unqualified or unqualified engineering materials, components and equipment, and shall issue a notice of supervision engineer, and notify the construction unit in writing to evacuate unqualified engineering materials, components and equipment from the site within a time limit.

When bidding for decoration projects, the materials entered by the construction unit shall be strictly controlled according to the variety and quality of the sealed samples. When ordering materials, the construction unit must have samples from the manufacturer. When materials enter the site in batches, they shall be accepted in strict accordance with the samples. If it is found to be inconsistent with the sample, it is not allowed to enter the site. Strictly check the storage and transportation of raw materials to avoid quality problems such as material deformation, damage and pollution caused by storage and transportation.

Finished product protection

In the process of building decoration construction, semi-finished products and finished products should be protected to prevent pollution and damage.

Finished product protection is an important link to ensure the quality of the project, so the construction unit is required to carefully formulate finished product protection measures in each process, strengthen the education of mutual care for finished products, form the habit of consciously protecting finished products, and strengthen the management inspection of finished product protection.

It is feasible to formulate finished product protection measures, establish a complete and perfect process handover inspection system and strengthen the acceptance of concealed works. Formulate measures to ensure the use function, maintenance function and inspection function of facilities, so as to avoid affecting the normal use and maintenance of facilities after renovation.

Building decoration engineering should ensure civilized construction, and the construction work surface should be kept clean and tidy, and stacking and dumping are strictly prohibited.

Four, building decoration engineering acceptance

Professional supervision engineers should review the quality inspection and evaluation data of sub-projects submitted by the construction unit, and issue visas after meeting the requirements.

The chief supervision engineer shall organize supervisors to review and conduct on-site inspection on the quality inspection and evaluation data of divisional projects and unit projects submitted by the construction unit, and issue visas after meeting the requirements.