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The difference between the first unit and the second unit of the paper
When evaluating professional titles with paper signatures, the weight of the first author (unit or individual) is obviously heavier than that of the second and third authors (unit or individual), but lighter than personal signatures.

On the signature of innovative works, such as scientific research papers, patents, research reports, etc. The name of the person who has made the greatest contribution to the work is usually signed at the front. Especially for the signature of scientific research papers, each journal has more detailed regulations.

Due to the complexity and diversity of scientific research, for example, hundreds of people sign a paper in bioinformatics.

The first author refers to the person whose signature ranks first. Some articles have two or more first authors, which are called tied first authors. In this case, it is generally necessary to indicate the name of the person. In addition, the first author is different from the correspondent and creative contribution, and the correspondent is often the most authoritative person in the field of papers.

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Nowadays, papers are often used to refer to articles that conduct research in various academic fields and describe academic research results, which are referred to as papers for short.

It is not only a means to discuss problems in academic research, but also a tool to describe academic research results in academic exchanges. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers and so on.