Babies living in 2 1 century are loved by their elders at home. They are surrounded by sweet words every day. Their parents stood in front of them when they were in trouble. They don't know what it means to see the rainbow after the storm, but children always have to grow up, be independent and experience the ups and downs of the cotton alone. At present, society excessively advocates appreciation education and advocates positive education. Many parents praise too much, which leads to the increase of children's vanity, they can't listen to others to say a little bad words, and even make some extreme behaviors.
1, play an exemplary role and guide children to treat setbacks correctly.
Children have strong imitation and plasticity. Therefore, as parents, we should set an example and always be a good example for our children. When they encounter setbacks, they should treat them positively and teach their children how to deal with them through their own words and deeds. At the same time, parents should also strengthen their study and observation, pay attention to introducing good examples of their peers to their children in time, and let them learn from vivid life cases and gain experience in how to deal with setbacks.
2. Be good at communicating with children and overcome setbacks.
Child psychologists tell us that when children encounter setbacks, they usually feel pessimistic, disappointed, withdrawn and sensitive. Faced with this situation, parents should first communicate with their children and listen to them as friends; Then help them to attribute correctly, guide them to dare to face up to themselves and evaluate themselves objectively. On the basis of understanding their own abilities, we should establish strong self-confidence, create opportunities for them to experience or recall successful experiences, shape good psychological quality, and enable them to face prosperity and adversity calmly in their study and life, so as to truly not be blindly complacent in prosperity and sigh in adversity, form strong will and perseverance, and improve their ability to resist setbacks.
3. Frustration education should be included in the school education plan.
We know that family education has a very important influence on the cultivation of people's willpower and the formation of good personality. In fact, the school, as a specialized institution that systematically educates in a planned, organized and step-by-step manner, is more perfect and far-reaching than family education. Therefore, the school is an important place to educate children about setbacks, and frustration education should be included in the teaching plan, and frustration education should be carried out for children in a planned and purposeful way.
4. Offering special frustration education courses.
The special course of frustration education is systematic, comprehensive and targeted. Through the implementation of the teaching plan, frustration education has become a planned and purposeful educational activity. We can cultivate children from many aspects such as cognition, emotion and behavior. In cognition, let children correctly understand setbacks and let them realize that setbacks are objective and inevitable; Emotionally, let children fully experience setbacks and eliminate their fear of setbacks; In behavior, teach children to master effective methods to overcome setbacks, form correct coping styles, and make children become brave and strong people through systematic cultivation and training of knowledge, emotion, will and action.
5. Play frustration games and competitions.
Frustration education courses should be combined with games and competitions. Because games and competitions are children's favorite activities, it is easy for children to accept and master the methods to overcome setbacks by carrying out frustration games and competitions. For example, when playing role-playing games, children are arranged to play excluded and excluded roles in interpersonal conflicts in a planned way, so that they can experience different psychological feelings. In the process of guiding children's activities, teachers help children analyze the causes of conflicts and find ways to solve problems.
6. Carry out infiltration education
In addition to specialized courses and game competitions, frustration education should also penetrate into the teaching of various disciplines in kindergartens and schools, such as Chinese, arithmetic, common sense, art, music, physical education and other disciplines, which are rich in frustration education factors and should be good at exploring and using them.
7. Give children appropriate "bad stimulation"
In children's life and study activities, we can make proper use of some realistic situations to give children "bad stimulation". The so-called "bad stimulus" refers to the external stimulus that indicates that the child is unhappy or uncomfortable, such as hunger, fatigue, difficulty, criticism and punishment. Appropriately refusing to give children what they like, making them hungry and criticizing children who are often praised can make children realize that many things are not always done according to their own will, and can overcome their self-centered tendency and make them realize the objective existence of setbacks. However, it should be noted that the use of "bad stimulation" should be appropriate and timely. For example, when children make some creative attempts, if adults give negative stimulation, it may dampen their enthusiasm for trying and learning.
8. Frustration education should attract the attention of the whole society.
Frustration education is an important educational problem, and it is the task of the whole society to educate children about frustration. With the social progress and economic development, more rural areas are gradually urbanized, and the problem of frustration education becomes more and more important. Therefore, we must establish an all-round frustration education network from central to local, from urban to rural, from family to school, from school to society, from school education to all walks of life, and carry out all-round frustration education for children. Only in this way can we form a good social atmosphere conducive to the cultivation of talents in the new century and children in the new century can grow up healthily and smoothly.
In short, frustration is of great significance to children's growth, and frustration education plays a very important role in children's development. Frustration education should be strengthened in China's education system, and families, schools and society should attach importance to implementing appropriate frustration education for children. Only in this way can our children grow up healthily and our education can cultivate new talents who can cope with the competition and challenges in the new century.
On the Cultivation of Small Class Children's Habits
Mr. Ye Shengtao once said, "What is education? In a word, it is to develop good habits. " Three to six years old is an important period for children to form habits, and the formation of good habits during this period will affect their future development. Once a habit is formed, it is more difficult to change it, and it takes more energy. Moreover, it will form the habit of carelessness and rudeness in the future. Good living, hygiene and study habits can promote the healthy growth of children's body and mind. The cultivation of children's habits in small classes has become the key and foundation. Now I'm going to discuss and share with you some ways to form habits in small classes.
First, develop good diet and eating habits from an early age.
As a small class teacher, we should first learn to be good at observing the differences of each child, and adopt interesting different teaching methods to make teaching vary from person to person, so as to correct children's partial eclipse, picky eaters and bad eating habits, and develop conscious good eating habits from an early age. It is an important task of kindergarten education and conservation to maintain children's good appetite and form corresponding dietary hygiene habits and rules, which is of great significance to the healthy growth of children. Usually, many parents ask, "How is my child eating? What to eat today? Did the children finish their meals today? " ..... such a problem is what parents are most concerned about. Children are in a period of vigorous growth and development. A balanced diet and reasonable nutrition are the basic material conditions to ensure the healthy growth of children. But at present, many parents pay attention to intellectual development in education and eat well, but ignore the cultivation of behavior habits. Many children form bad eating habits such as picky eaters, partial eclipse and playing while eating. Over time, it has caused the imbalance of children's physical nutrition, triggered various malnutrition symptoms, and affected the healthy growth of children.
There are 55 children in my class, most of whom are poor in independence and strong in dependence. Most of them are fed by adults at home, and what's more, they are chased and coaxed, even beaten and scolded, not to mention the cultivation of good habits. When children enter the kindergarten, due to the changes in living habits, tastes and environment, several adults in the family turn to the collective life of the kindergarten, and various dining problems have also appeared. In the investigation and observation at the beginning of school, most children simply don't know the routine of keeping "four clean-ups" and finishing after meals. There are also picky eaters. However, children's eating habits are highly plastic, so we consciously cultivate good eating habits, correct children's bad eating habits in time, and let children develop conscious good eating habits from an early age.
Second, correct children's partial eclipse and leftovers.
Now the living conditions are generally good, and parents are not stingy with what their children eat, but the phenomenon of partial eclipse of children is very common, and some parents are helpless and can't do anything about their children. How to correct children's bad habit of partial eclipse? Here's what I did:
1. Investigate the children's partial eclipse in time. I found that there are several reasons for the formation of children's partial eating habits: parents themselves don't like certain foods; Physical factors, such as spleen and stomach incompatibility; Living habits; Emotional instability and so on.
2, different people, the implementation of different educational methods: according to the characteristics of small class children "like imitation" and "love praise", I will use the collective atmosphere to render, and use emotional contagion to set an example for them. Some children in my class can eat something when they are happy, and eat less or not at all when they are unhappy. Treat such children and let them guess what to eat today before meals. I said a lot to the children. Finally, I told them that what I ate today was a particularly nutritious dish. Eating more will make them grow taller and smarter, depending on who eats more and smells good. In this way, children's emotions are mobilized, and they often eat well when compared with each other. I encourage children who are partial to leftovers, even if they make a little progress, to arouse their enthusiasm and urge them to correct their bad habit of partial to leftovers.
Third, let children get used to washing their hands before meals.
Hands have the most contact with external objects and are most vulnerable to pollution. Especially children, because they are more active, it is easier to attach viruses and germs from unclean things to their hands. If they don't wash their hands before meals, they will eat bacteria on their hands and get sick. Therefore, hand washing is very important for keeping skin clean and developing good eating habits. I sorted out the methods of hand washing according to the goal in the field of living and hygiene habits, so that children can know the order of hand washing (sleeve pulling, wetting, soaping, palm, back of hand, wrist, washing with water, splashing water on hands). At the beginning of school, the child's sleeves got wet by carelessness. I took this opportunity to show the children-pull up their sleeves and teach them to say, "Rub your palms when washing your hands." In this way, children can develop the good habit of washing their hands before eating.
Fourth, cultivate children's sorting habits.
In kindergartens, children are often seen taking off their clothes and throwing away their toys. In order to give children a preliminary sense of responsibility, taking into account the long-term development of children, we started with the cultivation of children's tidying habits and achieved satisfactory results.
We integrate the cultivation of tidying habits into all aspects of daily life.
1, let children feel the pleasure brought by a clean environment, and let children create a clean and tidy activity room by themselves.
2. Establish rules and form good habits. With a clean and orderly environment, it needs to be maintained, which is the most difficult. If teachers often preach, it will lead to children's disgust or blind obedience. I advocate that children should establish their own rules and integrate education into their daily lives. For example, after eating, guide children to discuss how to keep clean, and children discuss how to clear the table and put the bowls in order after eating.
3. Trust your children and do your own thing.
Children can do many things, but many adults are always worried about their children, doing everything by themselves, being careful everywhere and sheltering under their wings. In fact, as long as you trust your children and do what you can, let them do it themselves. For example, when entering the park every day, let the children help move the desks and chairs and encourage them to help clean up the activity room after school. Trust is the premise of doing a good job. Create all conditions, as long as they meet the age characteristics of young children, I believe they can do well. Trusting children and letting them organize themselves can not only reduce the workload of teachers, but also promote the development of children's ability, maintain a good relationship between teachers and children and create a good educational atmosphere.
Fifth, cultivate children's good class habits.
Children are naturally active and often can't sit still in class for a few minutes: some put their legs on small chairs; Some are prone on the table; Some bow their heads and play with their own things; Some go to take others; Anyway, children who have just entered the park always have many different patterns. Although how teachers design attractive activities is the key, it is also important to cultivate children's good habits in class. We know that children will blindly imitate others, whether right or wrong, so it is a good choice to set a good example for children.
In children's minds, the teacher's position is the highest, and parents often hear children say "this is what the teacher said"; That's what teachers do. It can be seen that children regard teachers as their most direct role models, and teachers' words and deeds have a subtle influence on children. In order to make the children form a correct sitting posture, I taught them to play the game of closing the door (that is, sitting on a small chair with their feet together), saying that if the door is not closed properly, the wolf will come to steal things, and we should lock the small lock (that is, put our little hands on our calves), because we don't want the wolf to come, the children all close the door and lock it seriously. At the same time, I also set an example by closing the door and locking the lock. In this way, starting from small things, in the positive interaction between teachers and children, set a correct example for children and promote the development of children's living habits.
Sixth, strengthen the formation of behavior habits.
The formation of children's good living habits is a gradual process, which requires persistent practice and powerful measures in daily life. Only in this way can children's habits be strengthened. I often use:
1, praise and encouragement
Praise is an affirmation of children's correct behavior, which can stimulate children's self-confidence and consolidate the formation of good habits. A smile, a compliment and an affirmative action can make children constantly discover their own bright spots, such as: "Your little hands are so clean", "You can throw the scraps of paper into the dustbin, and everyone likes you!" ; It's very kind of you to give your toys to your children. They are happy to play with you. Teachers' positive evaluation of recognition and appreciation and their evaluation of care and expectation will strongly enhance children's self-esteem and self-confidence. In affirmation, approval, encouragement and expectation, children can give full play to their subjective initiative, mobilize their enthusiasm and strengthen the formation of good living habits.
2, supervision and inspection
Supervision and inspection is an effective means to strengthen the formation of children's good physical and health habits. Because children have poor self-control, the formation of good habits must rely on supervision and inspection. When organizing a day's life, teachers should remind them before the activities, check them during the activities, and be a conscientious person in life. It is also necessary to find opportunities for children, create conditions, and consciously urge children to practice correct behaviors repeatedly and abandon bad behaviors.
2. Family cooperation and family management.
The Outline points out: "Family is an important partner of kindergarten. In line with the principles of respect, equality and cooperation, we should strive for parents' understanding, support and active participation, actively support and help parents improve their educational ability. "
Bad hygiene habits not only have a certain impact on children's health, but also limit and affect children's communication skills and interpersonal relationships to a great extent. Let parents trust us, respect and listen to our views, let parents feel that teachers care about their children's growth and improvement, and feel that teachers know their children better than themselves, so as to win their understanding and active support, which will help children develop good habits with half the effort!
In short, the development of children's good behavior habits needs a gradual process. Repeatedly stimulating children's behavior and managing daily behavior in life have gradually become a habit, which has a decisive change in children's future life. Of course, children are young and have poor ability to judge right and wrong. The cultivation of good habits needs our attention all the time, and needs the understanding and attention of our society and family.