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Ming Yi to be visited was written by which philosopher in Qing Dynasty?
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a great thinker said: the emperor is "a great disaster in the world." He advocates "no monarch". This is our country's modern democratic enlightenment thinker and patriot Huang Zongxi. Ming Yi, his masterpiece, is earlier than Rousseau's On Civil Contract 100 years, and some people call it "another declaration of human rights". Gu, a contemporary thinker of Huang Zongxi, said: "After reading this book, we can know all the disadvantages of imperial system in the past history." In Waiting for an Interview, Ming Yi opposed absolute monarchy and advocated civil rights, which had a great influence on the reform and reform in the late Qing Dynasty. Liang Qichao said in the article "Introduction to Academic Research in Qing Dynasty": "Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong advocated the theory of civil rights reconciliation, but copied their books, printed tens of thousands of copies and spread them secretly, which was extremely powerful because of the sudden change of ideas in the late Qing Dynasty." Huang's civil rights thought has always influenced Sun Yat-sen, Zou Rong, Chen Tianhua and other patriots during the Revolution of 1911.

Waiting for an Interview Yi Ming was born in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is an enlightening masterpiece that criticizes absolute monarchy and calls for democracy.

The Record of Ming Yi to Be Visited was written in A.D. 1663, and Ming Yi is an Oracle in the Book of Changes. Its slogan is: "Ming Yi spreads his wings and flies, and a gentleman will not eat for three days. The master has something to say when people are gone. " The so-called "Ming Yi" refers to a wise man in trouble. "To be visited", waiting for future generations to interview and adopt. The characters in Ming Yi and Dai Lu are characterized by a sharp criticism of the feudal status quo, an ideal in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and a transformation of ancient times.

There are 2 1 newspapers waiting for interviews in Ming Yi. The original gentleman criticizes that people who are kings in real society "regard my private interests as the great public in the world", which is really "the great harm in the world". The original minister pointed out that the responsibility of the minister is "to be the world, not the king; For the people, not for a surname. " The "original law" criticized the laws of feudal countries as "the law of one family, not the law of the world". Xue Ji advocates expanding the social function of the school to make it have the function of deliberation and participation in politics, saying: "What the son of heaven does is not necessarily right, what the son of heaven does is not necessarily wrong, and the son of heaven does not dare to be right and wrong, but what is public is the right and wrong in the school." "The things that govern the world must come from the school, and then prepare the meaning of the school." The future school envisioned by Huang Zongxi is similar to the public opinion center and parliamentary institutions in modern society.

Although Huang Zongxi did not fundamentally deny the establishment of monarch and minister, he advocated that the monarch should be open to the constitutional system, strengthen the equality factor, and expand the social supervision over the rulers, which has the idea of modern democratic politics. This idea is not influenced by western civilization, but developed from China's traditional culture, so it is more valuable. This book was banned by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, and it was not rediscovered until the end of the Qing Dynasty, and it was valued and praised by Tan Sitong, Liang Qichao and others.

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huang zongxi

Huang Zongxi (16 10- 1695), a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, whose real name is Taichong, whose real name is Lizhou and whose real name is Nanlei, joined the Fu Society as an adult. His father Huang Zunsu is a famous "Lindong party member". Huang Zongxi 14 years old was admitted to a scholar and went to Beijing to live with his father. 1645, the Qing soldiers went south on a large scale. In a rage, Huang Zongxi broke the bank and joined forces with the people in eastern Zhejiang to launch a vigorous anti-Qing movement. He organized more than 3,000 anti-Qing "Shizhong Camp". Later, he joined forces with heroes in Taihu Lake to fight against Qing soldiers for half a year. When the village of Simingshan, which he was guarding, was breached, he traveled across the ocean to Zhoushan, and others continued to engage in the activities of restoring the country. 1664, after martyrdom, Zong changed his name and surname, returned to his hometown, and gathered people to give lectures and write books. Huang Zongxi is knowledgeable and has studied astronomy, geography, mathematics, music, history and philosophy. He left many works, including Wen Ding of Nanlei, Poem Calendar of Nanlei, Record of Waiting for a Visit to Ming Yi, Cases of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty, Cases of Song and Yuan Dynasties, etc. At the age of 54, he wrote an epoch-making book-An Interview with Ming Yi. Huang Zongxi's brave "heresy" spirit, criticizing the old system and designing a new world in the future, deserves praise and praise, and is worthy of being remembered by future generations.