The first work evaluated as vampire literature was born in the same fantastic background as the story itself:
In this charming summer, young poets Byron and Shelley, Shelley's mistress mary shelley and her.
Sister Claire, Byron's personal doctor and ambiguous partner, John Politelli, are all the same.
Spend a magical night in a Swiss villa, accompanied by a sudden storm. The next morning, five people experienced fright.
We agreed to write a work on tonight's experience-this is Frankenstein.
Frankenstein and Vampire.
/kloc-The classic of the four vampires in the 0/9th century is The Vampire by John Politulli.
Drakula by Bran Stoke, Kosenya Goyajova Camilla by Xie Lidan Lee Fenu and Raymond.
Vampire Varney by J.M. Rymer. Among them,
Sir Lu Xifan, a bloodthirsty aristocrat in Vampire, is the devil incarnate of the poet Byron. The author is obsessed with
Fear coexists, depicting the sexual plunder of women by bloodsucking nobles (neck attack implied by oral sex)
, and more ambiguous homosexual allegations; Count Dugula, the number one evil spirit of Dugula, is Romanian.
Vlad Tepes, a bloody tyrant, was the prototype, and was baptized by eastern and western folk traditions, collective subconscious and Catholicism.
Ritual and other impurities, the most representative vampire picture: immortality, blood sucking, fear.
Religious symbols (cross, holy water, prayer) can only be killed by stabbing a stake in the chest (later deduced by the author)
There are all kinds of fatal dead angles: sunshine, flame, broken head ...), and it has the ability to transform into a strange animal.
God's sensitivity and control are extremely strong-enough to make prey throw themselves at intoxicating.
After the emergence of Ksenya Goryachova Camilla, traditional vampire works follow the desires of men and women (male vampires
Ksenya Goryachova Camilla, a beautiful female vampire and a girl as a narrator,
It is not only the intimacy between sisters, but also the lingering love between lovers. The whole story is full of rich and delicate lust.
And the gloomy image of death.
In addition to the four classic novels, there are many exquisite horror novels in the19th century, which also capture the lethality of vampires.
Charm, such as edgar allan poe's "Lydia" and French writer C. Nottier's "Smara",
Even Baudelaire wrote the poem The Metamorphosis of Vampires.
Praise this kind of physical monster with immortal face and corpse essence.
This feminine trend of aesthetic works became popular after the twentieth century, and the author's consciousness and reflection made the works.
Elegant demeanor, the vampire protagonist in the center, is more diverse. They are not only inhuman in nature, but also attractive in appearance.
Model evil spirits, vampire novels are immortal, lust, conflict between soul and body, consciousness and conscience.
The sculpture of themes such as struggle is becoming more and more complicated, and the vampire protagonist itself is becoming more and more speculative and interesting.
Tall. For example, in the book Vampire Action written by Santa Claus.
(S.P. Somtow) According to Jung's theory of mind, vampires are defined as "the unconscious terror and yearning of human beings".
The embodiment of the passionate body, the surreal style of confusing life, and the obscure academic background,
Vampire novels are no longer instant consumption books of horror subtypes, but are difficult, interesting and exciting books.
Works of art that readers can't stop. In addition, whitley Streber.
"Hunger" (the film translation is "After a Thousand Years of Blood") Tricia Quinn Yabo.
The Chronicle of Saint Germain by Chelsea Quinn Jabrod.
The Vampire Tapestry by Susie M Chanas.
, Frieda Wallington's "Sipping Blood and Wine"
(the smell of blood wine) .......................................................................................................................................................................
Identify vampire characters with very different patterns. And some frontier avant-garde writers are even more heartbreaking.
The mask of scruples has vividly written a more heretical and charming devil protagonist, such as J. McMahon.
Vampires are anonymous. Write gay vampires directly.
Sex scenes and hunting career, and Karen Mince's Bitch.
It also shows the binary relationship of "sexual desire-plunder" between female vampires and lesbians
The exploration of different schools at the end of the century is not only to uncover the taboo of being sealed.
It's better to experience these devil's poems with a carefree attitude, and perhaps dig them out.
More original fresh energy-Through the piercing process of rhinoceros' sharp fangs, full of creativity can come out in generate.
Come out? !
There is a saying that the prototype of vampires is porphyria patients ~
Drinking blood: For most patients with porphyria, blood transfusion plus heme can effectively relieve symptoms, and it is still the mainstream treatment. Heme is very tough and can still be absorbed by the small intestine through the digestive tract. This means that, at least in theory, ancient porphyria patients can feel better by sucking or drinking blood-this is probably the origin of vampire stories.
Fear of sunlight: Porphyrin is a kind of photosensitive pigment, which will gather on human skin, bones and teeth. Most porphyrins are in.
It is benign in the dark and will not cause any harm to the body, but once exposed to the sun, it will become a dangerous toxin and devour human muscles and tissues. So porphyria patients, like the legendary vampires, can only live in a dark world and can't see the light.
Hate garlic: In the movie "oscar pistorius", "Oscar Pistorius" fights vampires with bullets and sharp knives stained with garlic juice and is invincible. In most vampire legends, garlic, like the cross, is depicted as the nemesis of vampires. Interestingly, porphyria patients also hate garlic. There is a simple reason. Some chemical components in garlic will worsen the condition and bring pain and other symptoms.
Pale face: most porphyria patients are accompanied by severe anemia, not only because they usually live in the dark, but more importantly, porphyrin in their bodies will affect hematopoietic function and destroy heme production. Usually, patients with porphyria also have a lot of pigment deposits-usually purple.
Teeth as sharp as wolves: porphyrin can be converted into toxins that can devour muscles and tissues in the sun. One of the main manifestations is that it will corrode patients' lips and gums, leaving patients with teeth as sharp as wolves. Rotten gums always look bloody, which inevitably reminds people of vampire.
Immortal body: due to the effect of toxin, the ears and nose of porphyria patients will be corroded by it, and the skin will be covered with scars, which makes it look particularly old. In European legends, people who live forever are often described in a similar way. If it is misinformation, there is a saying called "vampires never die". In fact, the life span of porphyria patients is usually short.
What is a vampire?
In Europe, the legend of vampires has been circulating all the time. Thousands of people believe this legend and tremble in the dark.
Vampires are an ancient and mysterious race. Theoretically, the so-called vampire can be understood as a dead body to some extent. They have no heartbeat and pulse, no breathing, no body temperature, and they are immortal. At the same time, they have their own thoughts, they can think, talk, walk, even get hurt and die.
Their power is far greater than that of ordinary people, and they have power that ordinary people can't get. In fact, in order to maintain their living conditions, they must feed on blood. Generally speaking, most vampires usually feed on human blood, but some vampires feed on the blood of animals and even other vampires. Judging from the way of smoking, some vampires will raise livestock (herds), not animals such as cattle and sheep, but some human beings who voluntarily donate blood for some reason; Other vampires will use special occasions to lure humans to achieve their goals. There are also some vampires who usually take the form of attack to force blood.
Many people think that as long as vampires suck blood, the sucked person will become a vampire. This view is incorrect. People who are eaten by vampires may die, but they will not become vampires. If a vampire intends to turn a person into a vampire, he must give his blood to the other person. The victim received the blood of the smoker, and the two kinds of blood can be fused into vampires. This phenomenon of blood fusion will give smokers a completely wonderful feeling, and this process is called "hug". After the first hug, the victim became the offspring of the smoker. According to the secret party's precepts, vampires can't develop their offspring at will, and a vampire must be responsible for the behavior of their offspring.
Every vampire has extraordinary abilities. But this ability is not innate. Young vampires have almost the same abilities as ordinary people. But with the growth of age and experience, vampires will gradually explore their own abilities, thus making themselves stronger. Theoretically, the older the vampire, the stronger his ability. The ability of the third generation vampires can even be compared with God. In front of these vampires, ordinary people are vulnerable
Many sources believe that vampires are afraid of many things, such as garlic, holy water and wooden stakes. Most of these rumors are incorrect. What vampires fear most is sunlight. Some powerful vampires have weak resistance to sunlight, but no vampire can resist sunlight. In addition, high temperature has a certain restraining effect on vampires, so vampires usually act at night, because daylight and high temperature during the day will seriously affect their thinking and ability. Besides, vampires are not afraid of garlic and holy water. If someone has extremely strong religious beliefs, it is possible to temporarily suppress vampires with crosses, but vampires will never die. Similarly, stakes have no effect on vampires, but if you can nail a vampire's heart with stakes, you can temporarily paralyze it until it is pulled out.
In fact, vampires themselves are not evil. After a person is hugged for the first time, he usually retains his humanity. These people will think that they can move and live freely as before. But at the same time, he began to be afraid of sunshine and high temperature. Can't go out during the day. He will feel his strong desire for blood. He will find himself living in the blood of people around him. These ideas are so strong that they are completely out of control. Gradually, his way of thinking and behavior will change. A vampire will try to resist his behavior at first, but in the end, his nature will prevail and he will gradually get used to the new way of life. Finally, he fully understood that he was no longer an ordinary person. He is usually far away from the bustling area, living alone and not in contact with anyone. Because of my constitution, I won't get old. They will live in the world, witness the changes in the world around them, and witness the death of their relatives and friends. And he can only feed on blood and life day after day. The human beings around him are just weak creatures, and they have no reason or need to respect and care for human beings. They despise human beings and are very jealous. Finally, they became demons.
Case: A farmer named Pierre Plogowitz became a vampire after the death of 1725, and made waves in the village of Kilowa, killing 8 people. The other is Arnold Paole, who is accused of causing a large number of deaths of people and livestock in Medwegya village. Both cases caused a sensation. The report of the first case is kept in the Vienna Archives today, and one of the words "vanpir" first appeared in the literature, which is the origin of the vampire name. The second case is that173165438+was investigated by many influential authorities in February and recorded by military doctor Fluckinger. After being signed by several officers and doctors of hejduk Company, it was submitted to the Belgrade court with the title of "Seeing and Discovering" and officially published in 1732. King Louis XV of France asked the Duke of Richelieu to write a detailed report on the official result of the case, which caused a sensation, and the European media contributed greatly. Vampyre appeared in the magazine "Scavengers" published on March 3, 732/kloc-0, which is the first time that the word "vampire" appeared in French.
The main characteristics of vampires
Since18th century, vampires have three characteristics:
1. Vampires are "possessed ghosts", not ghosts wandering in the air or demons;
2. Vampires come out of graves at night to suck the blood of the living, so as to continue their lives after resurrection;
People who have been killed by vampires will become vampires after death.
After the legendary vampire appeared on the screen, his image changed a little, some features were exaggerated and some were simplified. Vampires in movies have no image in the mirror, which is not the characteristic of vampires. Only in some areas belonging to Germanic culture, people think that vampires have no shadow, so they have no image, because both image and shadow are symbols of the soul, while zombies have no soul. In addition, the vampire's teeth on the screen are long and sharp, which are actually the images written by the novelist Du Fu and adopted by filmmakers to highlight the image effect.
Predators can kill people without touching them. Unlike vampires, they usually suck blood from the pores of the skin instead of biting their victims. In movies, bats are always the embodiment of vampires, probably because Buffon, a French educator, named some Latin American Chiroptera (also known as bats) 176 1+0. In fact, the legendary vampire can become various animals such as spiders or butterflies, and can also become fog or straw.
Many people think that garlic is a panacea against vampires, but it is not. This statement is only circulated in Romania. However, vampires really can only come out at night, and they must go back to their graves when chickens crow. Vampires are afraid of communion and crosses. In the final analysis, putting a stake into a vampire's heart is the best way to end his evil life, but movies are just movies after all, and this trick doesn't always work.
Chiroptera's "tailless bats", "circular bats" and "small fan bats" only live in tropical and subtropical America to attack cattle and occasionally hurt sleeping people. These bats can only suck 10cc of blood every day, but if they are bitten by people, their lives are in danger, because their saliva contains anticoagulant components, which can spread epidemics such as plague. Although bats in Europe are harmless to people, they are still frightening and annoying. Romanians often associate it with vampires, thinking that bats will become grotesque.
Folk mobile vendors selling garlic are bound to remind people that there may be vampires here-garlic may be a good medicine to deal with vampires.
How to become a vampire
In theory, everyone can become a vampire after death, but some people are particularly likely, such as excommunicated people, suicides, sudden deaths, wizards, premature babies, and people who have never held a Christian funeral after death. Some people are born with this tragic fate, for example, people who have teeth in their mouths at birth, or people who have a membrane on their heads (that is, their heads are covered with amniotic membrane or placenta), their eyes are extremely dark or extremely light blue, they have reddish-brown hair, like an envoy who betrayed Jesus to Judah, or they have erythema. Professor Van Helsing in Derera always carries these tools in his medicine cabinet.
These people should be more careful when they are buried in coffins after death. In Romania, the local people nailed a nail on the forehead of the deceased, pierced his body with a needle, or painted the fat of pigs slaughtered on St. Ignace's Day; This day is February 1 year. Once the heart is pierced by a sharp stake, the zombie immediately becomes a skeleton.
Apart from the cross with the image of Jesus, garlic cloves and flowers can drive away vampires best because they can't stand the smell of garlic. In many countries, garlic is famous for its function of preventing evil spirits. The ancient Roman writer Pliny recorded in the Natural History that garlic can prevent snake bites and madness. Interestingly, some people think that garlic also has the property of promoting blood circulation.
In memory of the Bishop of Antioch, Syria. In order to prevent the vampire's soul from coming back to possess itself, something should be put in the mouth of the deceased, such as a clove of garlic in Romania, a cake in the Greek Eucharist, and a lemon in Saxony. In order not to let the body leave the grave, everyone nailed it to the bottom of the coffin.
In fundamentalist Europe, vampires are usually regarded as God's punishment. Those who don't attend sacrificial ceremonies, violate religious rules and play blasphemy games on graves will be particularly unlucky.
In the Sudede Mountain area in northern Czech Republic, people wrap the bodies in thread bags shaped like stockings, and vampires can only dismantle one mesh every year. In Russia, some poppy seeds are put in coffins, so vampires count how many seeds there are every night. Suicide and excommunication are always buried at the intersection of the two roads after death. In order to protect the house from vampires, Serbs often cross the doors and windows with tar. Romanians hang garlic cloves in all rooms and wipe doors and windows, fireplaces and lock holes with garlic. As for Russia, people scatter poppy seeds or thorns on all roads leading to cemeteries, so vampires have to pick them up one by one.
16 16 An Italian scientist named Ludovico Fatinelli wrote a paper on vampires. In this paper, Fatinelli pointed out that some pathogens can turn people into vampires. Due to social feudalism, Tinelli was regarded as heresy and burned to death. Although Tinelli was burned to death, science was not burned to death. Scientists have finally discovered the virus that causes vampirization and the process of people being vampirized.
A virus called Human Vampire Virus (HVV) is the original murderer of vampirization. This virus lives in a flea called Xenopsylla cheopis. I don't know. The Indian rat flea is a flea that can be found on vampire bats. Vampire bats bitten by those fleas will be infected with the virus. When these' infected bats' go out to bite people or animals, they will spread the virus.
Theoretically, HVV virus can spread through human secrets. However, in all cases, patients were bitten and infected by carriers.
The vampire process
The first stage: infection
After being bitten, the patient will begin to feel headache, fever and other cold-like symptoms within a few hours. Many people will think it's just a common cold. This stage lasts about six to twelve hours. At this stage, as long as patients take the antidote, the complete recovery rate is 100%.
The second stage: vampire coma) can't find Chinese nouns, so we have to translate them literally. This stage is called vampire lethargy)
After being bitten for 24 hours, the patient will fall into a coma. At this stage, the patient's pulse will slow down, his breathing will become shallow and his pupils will be dilated. In ancient times, many people who entered this state were mistaken for dead and buried. It is precisely because of this that the remote saying' vampires sleep in coffins' came into being. Many people think that people who fall asleep will become vampires, but this is not the case. In fact, only a few people can wake up after a sleep. Usually only 18 to 35 years old can survive, and people who are too old or too young will not wake up. This stage lasts about one day. At present, the cure rate of taking antidote is only 50%. The longer the sleep time, the lower the total recovery rate.
The third stage: deformation
If the patient can wake up in a coma, he will become a real vampire. Most vampires will find their prey within 24 hours. In this section, the patient is already a fairy and it is difficult to save.