What is the answer to the success of retroperitoneal tumor surgery?
Retroperitoneal tumor is a kind of tumor that occurs in the vast retroperitoneal space of abdominal basin. Retroperitoneal tumors are asymptomatic in the early stage, often large when they are diagnosed, and the retroperitoneal anatomical relationship is complex, which is one of the most difficult tumors to treat in surgery. However, retroperitoneal tumors usually have a good prognosis as long as they are treated properly. It is very important to master the key to the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors. The quality of doctors is very important. Doctors' surgical skills are not only excellent, but also extensive. Sarcoma is the main retroperitoneal tumor, and the most effective treatment is surgical resection. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are generally insensitive, and other interventional and radiofrequency ablation treatments have little effect. To achieve successful resection, surgeons should not only be proficient in all general surgical techniques, including the resection and reconstruction of gastrointestinal tract, hepatobiliary pancreas and spleen, retroperitoneal blood vessels and abdominal wall, but also be familiar with urology, gynecology and thoracic surgery. Have a strong psychological quality. Retroperitoneal oncologists often have to face patients who are rejected by many hospitals, or patients who relapse shortly after the last operation, or patients who are seriously ill and have a strong desire to survive. It is often necessary to remove many organs during retroperitoneal tumor surgery, and the bleeding exceeds 5000 ml, or even tens of thousands of ml or encounters massive bleeding that makes doctors "desperate"; Or often encounter various complications after surgery. All these require doctors to have enough courage and ability to resist pressure. Only with super-stable psychological quality can we accept all kinds of patients calmly in outpatient department and apply all kinds of skills calmly during operation, and finally successfully treat patients with difficult retroperitoneal tumors. It is necessary to have both coarse and fine professionalism. A retroperitoneal tumor operation takes 5~6 hours, which is longer than the general standard operation, and requires doctors to have enough concentration and endurance. In this kind of tumor surgery, sometimes when the tumor is entangled or close to the big blood vessels, the doctor can operate the separation as accurately as embroidery to avoid massive bleeding; Sometimes the tumor tightly wraps the ureter and other important structures, so we should operate it carefully and slowly like a jade carving to protect important organs from accidental injury and completely remove the tumor. Sometimes the tumor is too huge to separate the back directly, so it is necessary to do blunt separation with the palm of your hand on the premise of being very familiar with the anatomical relationship. This separation often requires great action and speed, and it can be achieved in a short time. It can be said that retroperitoneal tumor surgery is like a symphony with fast and slow, light and heavy, strong and weak. In order to make a surgical plan for retroperitoneal tumor, the auxiliary department depends on the accurate analysis of image data before operation, so the cooperation of CT, MRI, gastrointestinal radiography, ultrasound and other imaging departments is extremely important. A large number of blood transfusions are often needed during surgery, so the blood transfusion department is a strong backing. Because of the large operation, long time and complicated condition, the requirements for anesthesiology are also very high. After the operation, the requirements for intensive care conditions are also extremely high, and the ICU team is an important guarantee for patients to recover smoothly. Therefore, the successful treatment of retroperitoneal tumors is not only a matter for surgeons, but also a comprehensive manifestation of the close cooperation and overall strength of related professions. For retroperitoneal tumors, our department has established a multi-disciplinary regular consultation platform. 1 patient with huge retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma (25cm× 17cm×25cm) was treated with tumor vascular embolization by interventional therapy department before operation. In view of hydronephrosis, ureteral stent was implanted in urology. In view of the complete obstruction of inferior vena cava caused by tumor, the imaging department carefully evaluated the collateral circulation of abdominal posterior wall vein. In view of the patient's special ABO blood group antibody positive, in addition to preoperative hormone therapy, the blood transfusion department also carefully prepared a special unresponsive blood source. Because the inferior vena cava and the right kidney were resected at the same time, the interventional department specially performed angiography of the broken end of the inferior vena cava to prevent thrombosis. The successful treatment of this patient's huge retroperitoneal tumor is just one of many successful cases on the multi-disciplinary regular consultation platform. We find that multidisciplinary cooperation has the following advantages: 1. Promote the development of related disciplines, for example, the number of papers on retroperitoneal tumors in our hospital has increased greatly in recent years. 2. Cultivate more talents. For example, the diagnostic level of retroperitoneal tumor in pathology department has been greatly improved.