Combined with the overload transportation management of Jinyang Expressway, aiming at axle load overload and Jinyang Road pavement.
This paper analyzes the new situation, causes and harms, and puts forward the management and solutions.
Keywords: expressway; Overlimit; Transportation; operate
Expressway is fast and safe, with wide lanes and strong traffic capacity.
Strong, fully enclosed, less inspection, attracting a large number of trucks to enter.
Expressway, highway overload, overload is becoming more and more serious.
Although China has promulgated many laws and regulations, none of them are fundamental.
It is solved, and there is a rebound phenomenon. According to Jinyang Expressway in recent years
According to the analysis of highway overrun management and its harm to highway, it is considered that
It is the responsibility of the whole society to solve the problem of overrun.
1 hazards of over-limit transportation
Pavement damage 1. 1
Over-limit transportation has caused serious damage to the expressway and shortened it.
The service period increases the cost of highway construction and maintenance, which affects the use efficiency of expressway.
Play and comfort. According to relevant data, the axle load and road of the car
Surface strength and service life are expressed by the following relationship:
K=(P/P0)n，
P is the actual arbitrary axis load mass, P0 is the standard axis load mass, and N.
Is 4 ~ 5, k is the axle load p of any vehicle, which is converted into standard axle load P0.
The number of times acting on the pavement is also called the pavement failure coefficient.
For example, P0 is 6 t, and P is the rear axle of CQ4260TF 18 Hongyan car.
The loading mass is 30 t, and k = (30/6) 4 = 625. This is the mode.
Driving on the road in hongyan automobile is equivalent to driving 625 times in a 6 t car, and
The Technical Specification for Highway Engineering stipulates the internal standard of expressway design life.
The quasi-cumulative standard axle times are 4 million times per lane.
The main forms of damage caused by over-limit vehicles to flexible pavement are:
Subsidence, rutting, net cracking and serious cracking. Rigid pavement damage
The main forms are: broken plate, staggered platform and dislocation. The impact on the bridge is not.
It only bears the gravity and impact force of each axle of the vehicle.
Seriously increase the bridge load, which is easy to make the bearing aging, damage and reduce.
Service life. According to Jinyang Expressway Jincheng Toll Station in 2000
On average, vehicles exceeding 10 t per day account for 3 1% of the total traffic volume, especially
March to 165438+ 10, accounting for 34.8%. Jinyang Expressway Design
The load is steam exceeding 20, 120, and the design service life is15 a.
The cumulative equivalent axle times of a lane in the statistical year is 2.44 million. Jinyang
Road 1998 12 was opened to traffic, and pavements appeared one after another in 2000.
200 1 due to subsidence, rutting and net crack, the net crack has developed into a serious turtle.
Cracking, even into pieces, and there has been a large peeling, especially in Jincheng to Zhoucun area.
The left side of the road section (heavy lane) is more serious.
1.2 is easy to cause accidents.
Due to many curves and steep slopes in mountainous roads, vehicles exceeding the limit are braked for a long time.
It is easy to cause puncture and the direction deviation is difficult to control.
And driving slowly is also easy to cause rear-end accidents. 199965438+February 13
A serious over-limit vehicle was driving in Niuwangshan Tunnel due to braking.
The car causes the steel plate to break, the direction is out of control, and the car rollover collision causes great damage.
In the accident, the tunnel cable and monitoring system were damaged more seriously.
Tunnel power failure, traffic interruption for 2 hours, seriously affecting the normal operation.
Camp, the direct loss of more than 6.5438+ten thousand yuan. And it is easy to cause other things.
It just happened. Due to the slow speed of overloaded vehicles, other vehicles are affected.
Normal operation, easy to be rear-ended by other vehicles when changing lanes.
Therefore. On the night of September, 200 1 year, an over-limit vehicle climbed the hill at K 13 (left side).
Due to slow speed and large exhaust emissions, the following vehicles (1)
Santana) can't judge the driving situation ahead and cause rear-end collision, directly
The loss amounted to more than 200,000 yuan. In 2002, another over-limit car failed to brake, no.
Legally controlled, when crossing the toll booth, it directly hit the toll safety island.
In fact, the toll collection facilities were damaged, but fortunately no casualties were caused. still
Most overloaded vehicles are in poor condition and are very easy to break down.
This kind of situation is more common at night, so it is not easy to leave the driveway in time, which is easy to cause.
The number of casualties, according to the statistics of the road administration department, was only in Jinyang Expressway in 2000.
There were 35 traffic accidents on the expressway, with overloaded vehicles 13 vehicles.
1.3 is not easy.
At present, the overloaded vehicles on Jinyang Road mainly transport coal.
Charcoal, ore, vehicles loaded with dozens of tons of goods in the event of an accident, accounting for
The main traffic lanes cannot be cleared and transported in time, which brings various obstacles to the rescue work.
What a disadvantage! It will prolong the clearing time and affect the traffic. If it is not found in time,
It is easy to cause continuous accidents.
1.4 Other
Evading the payment of state fees, resulting in a large loss of state fees and interfering with transportation.
The healthy development of the economic market.
2. The main means and reasons of overrun
A) When the vehicle design and manufacture factory designs and manufactures it by itself, the vehicle is fully loaded.
The load exceeds the limit. Such as SH36 1, Steyr, Hongyan and other models, these
Do not widen, heighten and lengthen the overall size of the vehicle as long as it is loaded.
Whether the rated tonnage exceeds the limit;
B) Some vehicle manufacturers avoid various expenses to cater to the psychology of users.
With (road maintenance fee), when compiling vehicle codes at the factory, the rated tons will be calibrated.
Less than the actual bearing tonnage, the rated tonnage is 6 t, and it is often loaded.
There are as many as 20 t;
C) Overloading of the modified car leads to overrun. This means is mainly through
By replacing axles and tires, thickening steel plates and girders, and heightening fences, etc.
Improve the carrying capacity of vehicles, thus reducing transportation costs and pursuing maximum economy.
Benefit;
D) invisible overload. Shanxi is an important energy industry base, with transportation.
In addition to coal, there are minerals and iron, although the appearance
There is no overload, but it has actually exceeded the limit.
In view of the above analysis, on the surface, the reasons for exceeding the standard
In fact, the pursuit of interests by freight companies is the lack of transportation industry in recent years.
Lack of necessary macro-control means leads to disorderly competition in the road freight market.
Many stakeholders flock to the freight market, the total transport capacity of the road freight industry.
And the excess capacity is crowded with freight.
In the market space, the loss caused by freight rate is compensated by over-limit transportation.
Loss; Excessive taxes and fees of freight enterprises are also the root cause of over-limit transportation.
One of the reasons; In turn, they destroyed the highway by overloading.
Facilities, forming a vicious circle.
3. Countermeasures to control over-limit vehicles
A) Intensify publicity, especially for transportation enterprises including driving schools.
Training department, do publicity to households, and guide the transportation industry to truly achieve super.
Limiting the harm of transportation to highways;
B) Grasp the comprehensive treatment at the source, and prohibit automobile manufacturers from engaging in "big tons and small ones"
Standard "factory on the road, increase the management of privately modified vehicles;
C) When the expressway develops to a certain extent, the system and politics should be considered.
Create a good development space for the transportation industry and adjust traffic with policies.
Force structure, through the efforts of the transportation industry to expand the scale efficiency of enterprises, from the source
Pay attention to efficiency and let the transportation industry get out of the general overload and overrun as soon as possible
The misunderstanding of interests makes the highway transportation industry tend to a good development track.
Eliminate the hotbed of overloaded and overloaded transportation;
D) Conduct scientific inspection on over-limit transport vehicles and announce them to the public when necessary.
The security department cooperated with the incorrigible vehicles to trim the edges and remove their super-negative steel.
Take compulsory measures by means of boarding and unloading;
E) law enforcement departments should implement the dual-objective responsibility of professional work and spiritual civilization.
Any management assessment, standardize the work behavior of law enforcement departments, and resolutely put an end to three
Chaos. Establish a good image of civilized law enforcement in the establishment of the industry. company
Overcome "punishment without unloading, only punishment without unloading", and urge transporters to make up for the extra punishment.
The vicious circle of over-rearing and over-punishment;
F) long-term management. It is necessary to carry out a special struggle to control over-limit transportation
Combined with long-term management, nationwide linkage and comprehensive investigation. At the same time, add a sentence
Accelerate the construction of road administration network and give full play to the role of expressway.
Yes, do a good job in the supervision of important crossings and special sections along the line.
The road administration department within the jurisdiction shall, according to the situation ahead.
Inform to contact the toll station along the line and report illegal and over-limit transport vehicles.
Interception, so that over-limit vehicles have no way to escape, inorganic can take advantage of.
4 conclusion
At present, the management of overloading and overloading of automobiles in China belongs to the public security.
Although there are some laws in the traffic police department and the road administration organization of the traffic department,
Laws and regulations, but highway management agencies still lack the necessary means and still exist.
Various departments have overlapping rights, so send a multi-department one.
Grasp the * * * tube, multi-link comprehensive management, clear responsibility, treat both the symptoms and the root causes.
Supervision is the top priority. Jinyang Road Road Administration Brigade has organized laws and regulations for many times.
Publicity of rules, scientific means to detect solvable objects beyond the limit.
The transport vehicles are mainly unloaded, which effectively curbed the over-limit vehicles.
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