Request for health paper title
I. Basic requirements
1, written independently
An applicant may submit a paper specially written for applying for professional and technical qualification evaluation, or use a paper published in a technical business journal, but it must be independently written by the applicant himself, and may not cooperate with others, copy, piece together or even ask others to write it for him. Publicity report, conference speech, briefing, information introduction, research report, project report, teaching materials, graduation thesis, translation, work plan, articles of association, transactional and operational methods and specific work plans, etc. , not included in the scope of the report. The thesis should be a complete and independent article, not an abstract or some chapters.
2. Professional consistency
The professional content of the thesis submitted by the applicant must be consistent with the professional category declared by me, and must also be consistent with the major I am currently working in.
3. The theme of the content is to explain the achievements of personal work.
Writing a paper should integrate theory with practice, have certain original opinions and have specific and detailed material basis. The paper should reflect the experience accumulated by the applicant in the work, the ability to analyze and solve problems, and have a certain theoretical literacy and technical level. This paper focuses on the process of finding, analyzing and solving complex problems or the application and innovation of new technologies.
4. Time limit requirements
The paper submitted by the applicant should reflect the achievements of professional and technical work in recent years, and the paper must be written after taking part in the work.
Second, the writing requirements
1, the text of the paper is about 3000 words, and the abstract is between 400 and 500 words;
2. The text and data cited in the paper should be annotated, and the original author, original article name, page number and date should be indicated in the bibliography;
3. The table cited in the paper should indicate the original author, original article name, page number and date at the bottom of the table;
4. The application documents must be printed on A4 paper (double-sided) in triplicate and bound according to the order of items in the writing format.
Three. The format of writing (please see the bottom of the page for the style, font and font size of the application paper? Attachment: an example of an application paper? . )
This document shall include:
1, cover (including title, author's name, author's unit, subject and specialty direction);
2. Abstraction;
3. Keywords;
4. Contents;
5. Introduction (explaining the research background, motivation, significance and purpose);
6. The main body of the paper;
7. Conclusions and recommendations;
8. References (corresponding to the notes in the text);
9. Appendix (including some important data and materials related to the paper, which are not used in the text, but only partially used). Such as various statistical tables, more complex formula derivation, computer printout, terminology symbol description, etc. , which can be put in the appendix as useful information to explain the paper);
10, back cover.
Four, writing papers should avoid the following phenomena
1, the topic of the paper is too big, and the paper does not combine with its own work practice, but only discusses some viewpoints and problems in general, or tells some well-known truths;
2. The paper mainly introduces some new knowledge, new concepts and new methods that I have come into contact with, but lacks personal practice and in-depth research on related issues;
3. The paper is written as a work summary, which simply lists the work items for several years;
4. Plagiarizing articles from textbooks, newspapers or other people's works into an article, in which no personal practical achievements and opinions can be seen;
5. The paper lacks timeliness, and the knowledge, theory, technology and data involved in the paper have been updated, which is no longer of reference value and cannot be explained or applied to the new situation and problems in the current industry development.
Topics of hygienic papers
On the relationship between public health and preventive medicine
Both public health and preventive medicine focus on protecting people's health, with the same object and people, but with different starting points, working angles and subject contents. For a long time, more and more practitioners have been engaged in the public health industry as doctors, blurring the boundary between public health and preventive medicine. This paper analyzes the relationship between them and finds some important intersections to guide practitioners to better complete their respective work.
Keywords public health; preventive medicine
China Library Classification Number R 197.2 Document Identification Number B1008-6455 (2011) 08-0420-02.
Public health service is the science and art of preventing diseases, prolonging people's life and promoting people's physical and mental health through evaluation, policy formulation and safeguard measures. It is a mode of exchanging low cost for high service, and it is a service with relatively long social benefit return period. In developed countries, the government plays an important role in public health services, and its role (such as government intervention in public health management) is irreplaceable in public health work. Many countries have clear regulations and restrictions on the responsibilities of governments at all levels in public health, and use them as indicators of performance evaluation to urge governments at all levels to play a better role.
(1) In China, because most of the population lives in rural areas, some administrative decision makers are driven by economic interests and pay more attention to projects that can produce short-term benefits, which weakens the government's attention to public health and administrative intervention.
Even in some cities, there is no perfect public health system, and the government has no very clear division of labor and scope of responsibilities for public health. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and tasks of governments at all levels from central to local, from urban to rural areas as soon as possible, strengthen the concept of public health services, establish supporting systems, and solve the long-term healthy life problems of the broad masses of the people.
(2) At present, the public health field in China faces the following main problems.
Major infectious diseases are still seriously threatening people's health, and the prevention and control of various infectious diseases will remain an important public health problem for a long time to come; With the intensification of urbanization and industrialization and the influence of bad living habits, chronic non-communicable diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes have become killers threatening people's lives. The emergency mechanism of public health emergencies is not perfect, and the correct command and coordination of relevant departments is the organizational guarantee to deal with public health emergencies; Rural health service capacity is poor, rural health work has not been highly valued by governments at all levels, and public health foundation is weak. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the public health construction in the above aspects for a long time to come.
(3) Preventive medicine refers to taking environment, population and health as the model, using basic science, clinical medicine, environmental hygiene and other theoretical methods to study the influence of environmental factors on people's health, taking people as the main research object, and applying the principles and methods of health statistics and epidemiology to analyze the laws of the main pathogenic factors in the environment on people's health; With what? Prevention first? For the guiding ideology, formulate disease prevention and control countermeasures and implement public health measures to achieve the purpose of preventing, controlling diseases and promoting health.
(4) Preventive medicine has the following characteristics. Its targets include individuals and groups; Focus on those healthy and asymptomatic individuals, and write public health management papers focusing on prevention; Attach importance to the combination of clinical medicine, prevention and treatment, and theory and practice; Pay attention to the relationship between environment, health and people; In terms of research methods, it pays attention to the combination of micro and macro.
The combination of clinical and preventive medicine is the development direction of preventive medicine. Combining basic medicine with clinical medicine and putting forward new theories as the basis of preventive medicine can effectively promote the early prevention and treatment of diseases, improve the scientificity and effect of disease prevention and treatment, and promote the construction of a new health care service system. This development direction fully meets the requirements of the development of the times and can be an effective way to strengthen preventive measures such as community disease prevention and control.
(5) since? Sars? After the incident, public health and safety became an urgent problem. Many scholars have thought and discussed the concepts and contents of public health and preventive medicine. Some scholars think that public health is an integral part of preventive medicine, others think that preventive medicine is an integral part of public health, and some scholars still insist that the two are the same thing. However, we must be clear that public health and preventive medicine are not the same concept. Although their goal is to ensure people's health, they all work in groups and have an inseparable part in their work content. Their essence, angle and main work content are very different.
(5) In addition, public health has developed from patient-centered clinical medicine to group-centered community medicine, with the characteristics of people-oriented, people-oriented, community-based, policy-based and health promotion-oriented, and has evolved into a social management function. Strictly speaking, it no longer belongs to the medical category, and preventive medicine is a branch of medicine, no matter how extensive its extension is.
Conclusion: Preventive medicine and public health management are inseparable, and their work objectives are the same, both of which meet the interests of society by ensuring people's healthy environment. Preventive medicine is a professional discipline, which provides a strategy, and public health management is based on the social practice of this discipline, more like a means of implementation. Generally speaking, preventive medicine is realized through public health, and public health management is a bridge for preventive medicine to serve science and people.
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