Artificial Intelligence in Science and Technology —— Discussion on the Development Model of ICT Industry in China Driven by Artificial Intelligence Technology
Artificial intelligence is a forward-looking scientific research and has become a breakthrough in the development of ICT industry. By comparing the research and development status of artificial intelligence technology in ICT industry at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of related technologies and industries in China, and discusses the countermeasures and suggestions for artificial intelligence technology to promote the development of ICT industry in China from the national policy level and the enterprise level.
Artificial intelligence; Policy guidance; developmental pattern
Introduction to 0
At the 20 10 working conference, the Ministry of industry and information technology (ICT) industry ranked first. At present, a new generation of ICT industry represented by the Internet of Things and the mobile Internet, which is composed of smart cities, smart homes and car networking, is constantly innovating and is setting off a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation on a global scale. The layout of related industries is shown in figure 1. Around 20 13 years ago, Europe, America and other countries and regions started human brain research programs one after another, which promoted the development of artificial intelligence, neuromorphological computing and robot systems. Artificial intelligence is a concrete manifestation of machine simulating human brain. The application of a series of new technologies such as cloud computing, deep learning and intelligent search in large-scale networking has become an important direction for the further development of ICT industry [1-2]. Facing the rapid development of artificial intelligence in ICT industry, it is urgent to sort out the development model of China in this respect.
1 development status of artificial intelligence technology in ICT industry at home and abroad
From the perspective of development, artificial intelligence research has always been located in the highland of technological innovation. In recent years, it has achieved remarkable results and attracted unprecedented attention in the fields of intelligent search, human-computer interaction and wearable devices. , and has become a leading field in the industry. At present, the development of artificial intelligence technology in the international ICT industry focuses on the following aspects.
1. 1 development direction of search engines
Information search is an important entrance of Internet traffic and an important means to match information resources with users' needs. The introduction of artificial intelligence has opened up a new space for the development of search engines. The search engine with deep learning technology greatly improves the accuracy of image search, and absorbs the search engine with natural language processing and cloud operation processing technology, which can convert voice instructions into real-time search results. In addition, artificial intelligence search engines may add consciousness and emotion elements to develop real neuropsychological search engines [3].
In the development of search engines, domestic enterprises started late and the search field was narrow. However, some companies such as Sina, Sohu, Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent. With the unique technology and business model, Chinese-style innovation and transcendence have been carried out, and enterprises and institutions such as Iflytek have already had a certain foundation in some directions, and the development trend is good.
1.2 human brain science promotes the development of artificial intelligence technology.
Artificial intelligence technology is a human brain research activity that simulates the human brain by machines to perform complex advanced operations. At present, the research platform based on information and communication technology uses computer simulation to draw detailed human brain models, which promotes the development of artificial intelligence, robots and neuromorphic computing systems, and is expected to trigger a leap from low-level human brain simulation to advanced human brain simulation.
Google has long acquired the necessary technologies of artificial intelligence through independent research and acquisition, including the Google brain with learning function built by using 1.6 million processors to simulate the nervous system of human brain. Domestic research and development in this field started from medical units. Some achievements have been made in brain planning and neuroinformatics in China, reaching the international advanced level in some fields. However, in the new round of global artificial intelligence competition, China is still in the wait-and-see and imitation stage. Until the beginning of 20 13, Baidu established the deep learning research institute and put forward the Baidu brain plan. As shown in Figure 2, it has super-computing ability beyond Tianhe-2, and established the world's largest deep neural network with 20 billion parameters. As the most technologically advanced Internet company in China, Baidu has won the top scientists in the field of artificial intelligence and laid out artificial intelligence research in Silicon Valley, which is regarded as directly competing with American technology giants for technology and talents.
1.3 smart terminals and wearable devices cause industrial changes.
By embedding artificial intelligence technology into mobile terminals, time and space constraints are broken and high-frequency human-computer interaction is promoted. Wearable intelligent network devices are leading the new development direction of information technology products and information applications.
In China, the research and development of smart terminals and wearable device chips is still in the exploratory stage, especially the big chip companies have not given strong support. At present, only Zheng Jun has released wearable chips, and there is still a certain gap between the manufacturing process and the international one. It should be said that domestic chips are still in their infancy. Compared with the market craze for the concept of wearable devices, there are only a handful of wearable devices that users can really experience, and most of them are still in the concept stage.
1.4 development of some fields of internet of things
The application of global Internet of Things is accelerating under the guidance of national strategy and the promotion of market, and the new information generated is deeply integrated with traditional fields. Generally speaking, it has developed rapidly in the public market, among which smart grid, vehicle networking and machine-to-machine communication (M2M) are prominent application fields in recent years [4].
Internet of Things involves many fields, and all countries have risen to the national strategic level to actively promote the research and development of Internet of Things technology. China is also actively promoting the research on the basic capabilities of the Internet of Things and establishing independent technical standards. Some intellectual property rights have been obtained in the fields of radio frequency identification (RFID), M2M, industrial control and identification analysis. Among them, the medium and high frequency RFID technology is close to the international advanced level, and UHF (800/900MHz) and microwave (2.45GHz)RFID air interface physical layer and MAC layer have made important technological breakthroughs. In terms of standards, the initial framework of the standard system for sensor networks has been established, and many standard proposals have been adopted by the International Organization for Standardization. As one of the four leading countries in international sensor network standardization (United States, German, Korean and China), China enjoys an important voice in formulating international standards.
2 China ICT industry policy orientation
At present, the application scope of ICT industry is constantly expanding, so policy-making must consider the needs of different industries and accelerate the division of labor, cooperation and maturity of the industrial chain. ICT enterprises in China will follow closely the reform, encourage innovation and tap domestic demand, and will surely usher in new opportunities and development through ICT policies that break through the bottleneck.
2. 1 national policy orientation
Developed countries in the world have made plans for the development of ICT industry, and regarded it as an important part of strategic emerging industries. China urgently needs the guidance of national policies, trying to seize the commanding heights of the next competition. Policies should reflect the following trends, break down industry barriers and accelerate the formulation of cross-industry standards and industry-related policies for ICT.
2. 1. 1 Strengthening the top-level design of policies
Establish a national ICT industry development organization, formulate a national medium-and long-term ICT development strategy as soon as possible, implement the national supervision mechanism and industrial coordination, and promote the development of ICT industry and related industries. 2. 1.2 Enhance the ability of independent innovation
Focus on strategic emerging industries, deploy innovation chain around their needs, master core key technologies, and break through technical bottlenecks. Strengthen technology integration and business model innovation, and accelerate the development and application of new products, technologies and processes.
2. 1.3 Deepening the reform of the science and technology system
Strengthen the dominant position of enterprises, and establish an innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market as the guide and Industry-University-Research as the combination. The new system should ensure that enterprises play a leading role in industrial technology research and development, technological innovation decision-making and achievement transformation, promote the flow of innovative elements such as talents, resources and technology to enterprises, actively carry out in-depth cooperation in Industry-University-Research, and cultivate and expand innovative enterprises.
2.2 Intellectual Property Guide
2.2. 1 Patents
International patent disputes have improved the patent crisis awareness of domestic enterprises to a certain extent, but due to China's long-term neglect of patents, the patent technology research and development cycle is long, and enterprises are not sure whether they have the ability to realize the layout [5]. Domestic enterprises with preliminary international competitiveness should seize the opportunity of obtaining major international patents and quickly enhance their overall competitiveness. In view of the patent problems involved in new technologies, we should speed up systematic research and attach importance to forward-looking patent layout. Actively explore the construction of a unified patent pool, enhance the patent authorization and negotiation ability of the whole industry, and explore the construction of a commercial umbrella mechanism for domestic enterprises facing intellectual property crisis. On the one hand, we should strengthen our own R&D investment, on the other hand, we need to strengthen the combination of Industry-University-Research and realize the transfer of patents from universities and research institutes to enterprises.
copyright
At present, copyright industry has become a new growth point of national economy and a pillar industry of economic development. In cooperation with the National Copyright Administration of China, the World Intellectual Property Organization found that in 20 13 years, there were 845,064 copyright registrations in China, including 164349 software copyright registrations, which increased by more than 18% year-on-year. Software in hot areas such as Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data all show an accelerated growth trend. For example, there were 4,388 Internet of Things software copyrights, up 70.54% year-on-year, and 30 17 cloud computing software copyrights, up 55.04% year-on-year, which was significantly higher than the overall growth rate of software registration. Although China's software technology is in a period of rapid growth, there are problems of low level repetition and low starting point, which still need unremitting guidance, innovation and protection.
3 ICT-related enterprises to explore ways to achieve
After years of efforts and accumulation, China is no longer just a follower of foreign technology in the field of artificial intelligence research, but has been able to independently carry out innovative research on major issues and achieved fruitful results. In the future, related enterprises in China should further expand the application of artificial intelligence in ICT industry and accelerate the construction of ICT industry ecosystem. ICT-related enterprises in China should gradually complete the following aspects in the whole industry.
3. 1 politics, learning, research, production and use have been comprehensively promoted.
Establish a cooperative mechanism between the government and scientific research institutes. China has formulated several plans to promote cooperation between Industry-University-Research, aiming at closely linking basic research, applied research and the future development of national industries. Vigorously support scientific research projects with promising application prospects, promote joint application of projects by universities and industries, and pay special attention to projects invested and developed by enterprises. Enterprises participate in scientific research projects in colleges and universities. Encourage powerful companies to establish cooperative relations by providing funds to universities and transferring scientific research equipment. Colleges and universities actively participate in enterprise R&D projects. Provide various forms of cooperation, such as university teachers as enterprise consultants, holding academic lectures or participating in enterprise research, and company researchers going to universities for further study and obtaining degrees. With the deepening of cooperation between universities and governments, enterprises and R&D institutions, efforts are being made to eliminate the gap between schools and enterprises in space and physics. Explore the establishment of a four-in-one scientific and technological innovation system of schools, localities, enterprises and research and development institutions, and form a high-tech industrial cluster with distinctive advantages and economies of scale as soon as possible.
3.2 Strengthen cooperation and promote the industrialization and commercialization of new technologies.
Communication equipment enterprises can strengthen cooperation with telecom operators and Internet enterprises, build new experimental networks, verify the operation of network architecture based on convergence technology in various scenarios, investigate possible problems, and promote the maturity and commercialization of related technologies, equipment and solutions. Increase cooperation with scientific research institutes, patent agencies and industry associations, and make full use of the resource advantages of all parties. Enterprises should pay attention to and influence the research direction of scientific research institutes, help them strengthen the practicality of research and development, and improve the quality of research and development. It can be developed by school-enterprise cooperation, with enterprises taking the lead in applying for projects, universities participating, enterprises setting up projects to be claimed by universities and establishing joint laboratories. Cooperative cultivation of applied ecology. In the process of promoting the standardization of network control platform, enterprises should fully consider and absorb the innovative needs of network applications, including telecom operators, Internet companies and other enterprises, and create a good technical foundation and business environment for the formation and prosperity of network application ecosystem.
3.3 Strive to Seize Big Data
Our government has realized the great significance of big data in improving public services, promoting economic development and safeguarding national security. 20 14 government work report clearly stated, "Support and lead the optimization and upgrading of economic structure with innovation; Build an innovation platform for emerging industries, catch up with the advanced in the fields of new generation mobile communication, integrated circuits and big data, and lead the future industrial development. The general idea of ICT enterprises to develop big data should be as follows: First, clarify the strategic objectives of the country on the development of big data, promote the integration of big data between telecom, Internet, finance and other enterprises with massive data and other industries, and expand the application fields of big data; Secondly, in terms of technology, it is necessary to improve the forward-looking and systematic research and development, and focus on developing real-time big data processing, deep learning, mass data storage management, interactive data visualization and application-related analysis technologies in the near future [6]; Third, gather the strength of Industry-University-Research, make overall plans for big data applications, and avoid blind development; Finally, solve the data security requirements of personal information.
3.4 Pay attention to the development of cloud computing
2065438+In March 2004, Chen Wei, Director of the Software Service Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, revealed that the draft of China's cloud computing comprehensive standardization technology system has been formed. While the government is establishing standardization, ICT enterprises should also actively participate in the research in the field of cloud computing from the perspective of enterprises and serve the national cloud industry development strategy. It is suggested to fully open enterprise platform resources to users and promote the development of social cloud industry; Strengthen the depth of technology application, focus on promoting the application of cloud computing technology in information search, data mining and other fields, and gradually form efficient and feasible methods and technologies in the utilization of social resources; Widely cooperate with all walks of life to promote the integration and application of various social data resources and enterprise cloud computing technology. Cloud computing enterprises are rich in software and hardware resources, technical resources and human resources, and have a strong will to serve the government information construction. Combined with the application demand of government social resources, give full play to the potential of enterprise cloud computing resources in serving government information construction and social resources application.
4 abstract
The research on the application of artificial intelligence technology in ICT industry in developed countries started earlier. In order to promote the development of artificial intelligence technology and related technologies in ICT industry, some effective strategies have been put forward and implemented, and some experience has been accumulated. By comparing the development status of artificial intelligence technology at home and abroad, learning from the policies and experiences of other countries, and according to China's national conditions and industrial development stages, this paper puts forward strategies that are in line with China's current industrial development status and suitable for China, with a view to providing reference for promoting the development of artificial intelligence technology in China's ICT industry.
Sharing is better >>& gt scientific and technological artificial intelligence papers