The original poem is as follows:
Even number problem
Du fu? Tang dynasty
The article is eternal, and the gains and losses are well known.
The authors are all different and famous.
I can't see the poet, but the China way is booming.
The seniors flew in, and the rest were beautiful.
After the sage and the old pillar, each generation has its own rules.
The law comes from Confucianism, and the heart is weak and tired.
Always pregnant with Jiang, disgusting and strange.
A horse is a good horse, a horse is a good horse.
The disciples of the wheel have lost their lives, but the church is still losing money.
Talk about becoming a potential husband, but pass it on to a young woman's monument.
Fate is comfort and wandering, and illness is repeatedly moved.
Economic shame is a long-term policy, and flying is a vacation.
The dust stung bees, and the river gorge stung jiaozi.
The bleak Tang Yu is far away, and Chu and Han are in danger.
The holy court is also a thief, and the different customs are even lower.
Gloomy star sword, gray pool of clouds and rain.
Two Beijing open, Wan Yu intervention.
The residual copper column in the South China Sea, the east wind avoids the moon branch.
Yin Shu hates black magpies. He is angry and blames bears.
Harvest poetry, Chai Jing learn soil.
Therefore, the mountain is fascinated by the white pavilion, and the autumn water hides Huangpi.
I dare not ask for a good sentence, for fear that I will leave you.
translate
Literary creation is related to a long time ago, but only you know the success or failure of its creation.
Writers of all ages are different schools. How can their fame be spread to future generations casually?
Unfortunately, all the poets of Sao style represented by Qu Yuan have died, and the five-character poems and seven-character poems that began to appear in the Han Dynasty are still popular today.
At the end of the Han Dynasty, poets from Wei Chu, Jian 'an and Huang Chu dared to innovate and jumped into the poetry world with a vigorous posture. Unfortunately, by the Northern and Southern Dynasties, poetry had become a mere formality.
Later, there were some excellent writers who were good at previous creative experience, and each era had its own creative methods.
The method of poetry creation is naturally only available to Confucian scholars; The idea of my own poetry creation has been influenced by my family since I was a child.
I will always admire the romantic poets in Jiangdong, and I also praise and like Dewey Nakano's literary wizards.
Jiang Zuo and Nakano are good horses. Only talents like Cao Cao and Ruan Ji can bring out good talents.
The craftsman who made the wheel has just made the wheel, but his son can't make the wheel, and he has lost his tradition. Unfortunately, just as his father decided on the method of building a house, what was missing was that his son refused to build a foundation and a house, and he lost the talents who inherited his ancestral business.
Although my friends think that I can write a good article like "On the Latent Husband" at will, and there is a wonderful writing like "Cao E's grievance", it is only a hollow reputation.
I write poems according to my own feelings, expressing my feelings of poverty and illness, wandering repeatedly and migrating to a wandering life, so as to comfort myself.
Ashamed that I didn't have a good plan to help the people, it was like that bird borrowed a branch from the deep forest and drifted to this remote and distant place.
Sichuan is constantly in war and the environment is sinister. The bee stings with dust and sand, and the dumplings entangle the gorge. There are many people and many difficulties, and the people are in hot water. Looking at the bleak and desolate scene in front of me.
I think the peaceful and prosperous times of Tang Yu at that time are far away; At present, the constant war, like the dispute between Chu and Han, makes the situation precarious.
Nowadays, there are still people who are willing to make trouble in the Tang Dynasty, especially the customs of Kuizhou, a desolate place, are even more noisy and low, which is really sad.
My sad heart is like a sword buried under the foundation of a prison, although it shines purple, it does not appear; Like a dragon trapped in an infinite pool of water, it is impossible for clouds and rain to soar.
Both of them are military commanders in power and have established shogunate organs. Looking around the world, the army is like a forest, and the war is endless.
In the South China Sea, the bronze pillars erected by Ma Yuan in the Han Dynasty have been destroyed, and the Tubo people in the west have also occupied Chang 'an, so the emperor has to flee from chaos.
I hate that magpies can't report good news in time, and Kuizhou is a remote place. I blame the wild animals in the mountains for yelling so fiercely.
Doing some farm work here can relieve the interest in writing poems, live in a simple house and understand some local customs.
Overlooking the Linjiang River, I can't see the dangerous white dove in my hometown of Zhong Nanshan. I recall the lake in autumn and the beautiful scenery of Chang 'an.
How dare I force myself to write beautiful poems? When sadness strikes, I just use poetry to express my feelings of parting.
To annotate ...
Exception: Different schools of Judaism. Different, different.
Pottery: Just leave a message. Wave, indulgence, extended to casual meaning.
Poet: refers to the author of Chu Ci. Qu Yuan's Lisao is the masterpiece of Chu Ci, which was later called a poet, and its author is a poet.
Han Daoism flourished in Sri Lanka: it refers to the five-character poems and seven-character poems that began to appear in the Han Dynasty and are still popular today.
Li: Great.
Weak age: twenty years old.
Jiang refers to poets in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasties, such as Xie Lingyun, Bao Zhao and Xie Tiao.
Ye (yè) Zhong You: refers to Cao Shi and his son, RoyceWong, Serina Liu and others, the seven sons of Jian 'an.
Lù ù: It's a good horse name, and it's a metaphor for a poet.
Qiqi (qí lín): It is a good horse name, and it is a metaphor for a poet. Take good care of your son: It means that some poets pass on their poetics to their sons, such as Cao Cao and his sons Pi Zhi.
"Wheel" sentence: There is a fable in "Zhuangzi Heaven" that says: Wheel Ping said to Qi Huangong, "I can't make wheels out of wood, not even if I am fast, not even if I am slow. We should get it from our hands, but we should get it from our hearts. "I can't pass this on to my son. Later generations often use this allusion to compare artistic creation experience, which is not easy to understand.
Don: This refers to the house foundation. Structure: This refers to the roof truss. There is a metaphor in The Book of Songs: When a father builds a house, his son can't even build a foundation. How could he build a roof truss? Later generations used the word "church structure" to refer to the stepfather's career.
M: Whatever.
Fate: here, the word "fate" is synonymous with poetry.
Economy: Help the world through the country.
False: borrow.
Chài: Scorpion.
Chρ: Dragon in ancient legend.
Serial: Birds fly side by side. On the occasion of Chu and Han dynasties, the heroes rose together like birds.
Sheng Chao: The Tang Dynasty. Thieves: refers to An Shiyu Party and local rebels.
Different customs: refers to the humanistic customs in eastern Sichuan that are different from those in the Central Plains. Noisy: noisy. Simple: low humidity.
Gloomy: the appearance of prosperity. Star sword: a sword that rushes to the stars, with the essence of words.
Cang: Look.
Two capitals: Chang 'an in the west and Luoyang in the east. The army went to war and set up tents everywhere, so the general's house was also called the shogunate.
Wan Yu: There are ten thousand square meters. Soldier: military flag.
Nanhai Sentence: In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Yuan used to erect a copper pillar with his toes to show the boundary of China, and its place is Maoling in the northeast of Shangsi County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. At this time, Nanzhao Hui Tang was connected with Tubo, and southern Xinjiang was not calm, and the pillar of Ma Yuan was broken.
Yueshi: that is, Yueshi, the name of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, used to symbolize Tubo. At that time, Tubo invaded many times, and the Tang Dynasty often endured humiliation and avoided it. Tang lived in the east of Tubo, so the cloud was the "east wind".
Yin Shu sentence: The ancients were superstitious and thought that the crow of black magpies was a happy event. When people want to receive letters from their relatives, the black magpie just screams, but there is still no letter, so they turn to hate the black magpie's insensitivity.
"Angry": This is about living in a secluded place, and I feel sick when I hear the cries of bears and cockroaches.
"Harvest" sentence: planting grain is called harvest, and collecting grain is called harvest. This means that I am distracted from writing poetry because I want to engage in farming.
Chai Jing sentence: Chai Jing, cabin. Different places have different soil and water, and people have different tastes. This is called soil suitability. This means living in Kuizhou and trying to get used to its soil and water.
Lao Shan sentence: The white dove is on the Zhong Nanshan, and Mei Pi is at the foot of the mountain. Huangpi, or Prince Pi, is in the south of Chang 'an.
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The first half of this poem summarizes the general situation of the development of poetry creation before the Tang Dynasty, the author's admiration for predecessors and his personal creative ambition; The second half expresses the feelings about the chaotic world and personal vagrancy, which shows that poetry is born of emotion and is a reflection of the author's feelings about real life. The whole language is highly concise and allusions are used. The meaning is more subtle and profound, which needs careful study.
Cao Pi's Dian Lun Thesis said: "The writing is a great undertaking of governing the country and an immortal event. The years of life sometimes come to an end, and glory stops there. Both will go to a normal period, rather than endless articles. " To Du Fu's relief, although the ambition of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior and then making the customs pure" (Wei Zuocheng's Twenty-two Rhymes) failed to be realized, he experienced setbacks and turmoil, but he achieved fruitful results in poetry creation. So at the beginning, I sang a famous sentence full of philosophy, "The article is eternal, and the gains and losses are well known." Of course, this kind of "intimate knowledge" not only refers to what you know, but also includes what your confidant knows.
Then, while supporting this "immortal" "eternal event", it talks about the inheritance and development of poetry art from ancient times to the present. Poets of past dynasties can rank one after another. The Sao style and even the earlier Book of Songs have been replaced by the five-character and seven-character poetry handed down from the Han Dynasty. The previous generation of poets galloped through the literary world with their talents, which had a far-reaching influence on later generations. The talents of later generations are always eclectic on the basis of inheriting predecessors, so as to innovate and form unique and fresh norms for the creation of different eras. I think of my own creation, originally from the Confucian system, and I have been committed to it since I was a child. I can't forget the influence of poets and Lu Ji in the Western Jin Dynasty, which was promoted by such good horses as Li and Ji, and thanks to Ma Zhong. The encouragement of three Cao's father and son in the summer night. It is worth lamenting that although it has been "from the hand to the heart" like a wheel, it is not conducive to governing the country and the people. Even if what you wrote is the same as Wang Fu's On Hidden Husband and Han Danchun's Cao E's Injustice, it will only be passed down to future generations. On the other hand, I think writing poetry is my hobby, my ideological sustenance and a comfort to my wandering life in spite of illness. Why talk about the strategy of helping the people? Like a tired bird, it is good to have a place to live.
Back to reality, bees are rampant in the dust of the world, and jiaozi haunts Jiangxia-desolate and sad, farther and farther away from Tang Yu's world; The warlord's resistance to yoke seems to reproduce the Chu-Han crisis. The so-called wise dynasty is the rise of thieves, and the wonders of the border land are even more humble. Under the gloomy knot and the firm shock wave of the stars, there are soldiers ahead, and the boundless sky, like clouds and rain, covers the pool with transpiration. The general's shogunate has been set up in all towns, and military flags are flying everywhere. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the copper pillar that Ma Yuan stood at the intersection of the South China Sea was destroyed, like the west wind tightening the east wind to avoid it, and the west moon branch repeatedly invaded it. I live in a foreign country, but the crow of the black magpie is empty. I always hear the howl of the bear in Shan Ye. Such a state of mind cannot be clearly expressed by "hate" and "strangeness", so I have to express my daily farming life with the interest of poetry. A self-sufficient life in a hut in Chai Men can also make a scholar enjoy himself. When I think of the white dove, the former residence of Chang 'an, where tobacco is confused, and Huang Bei, who is full of autumn water, it is difficult to return to my hometown. I have to use poetry to decompose my homesickness, and I dare not expect to write a wonderful sentence that can really be passed down to future generations.
Du Fu's thoughts and opinions on the inheritance and development of poetry art, as well as the theme of his life's poetry creation, are all expressed in such a five-character arrangement. The meter is rigorous, the work is stable, the rhyme is at the end, and there is no constraint. He is handy in memorizing, discussing and expressing emotions, which shows that his poetic attainments have reached perfection.
Creation background
This poem was written in the autumn of the first year of Dali (AD 766). In May last year, Du Fu moved eastward from Chengdu, passing through Rongzhou (now Yibin), Yuzhou (now Chongqing), Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian) and Yunan (now Yunyang), and then moved to Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Sichuan) last spring. This poem was written in his residence. Therefore, I have a deep thinking and understanding of the inheritance and development law of poetry art and my own poetry creation practice, and I have benefited a lot from it, which is naturally expressed in this "accidental topic".
author
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, and he is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.