Qin Shihuang, Qin Zhuang Wang Xiangzi also. King Xiang of Zhuang is the proton of Zhao and Qin. When he saw Ji, he accepted it and became emperor. In the first month of 48 years, Qin Zhao was born in Handan. Ji Sheng, named Zheng, surnamed Zhao. At the age of thirteen, King Zhuang Xiang died, and the court made him King of Qin.
At that time, Qin had merged with Ba, Shu and Hanzhong, and the more Ying there was, the more it was located in Nanjun. From the north to the east of Shang Jun, there are Hedong, Taiyuan and Shangdang counties; East to Xingyang, destroy two weeks, and buy Sanchuan County.
Lv Buwei, as prime minister, sealed 100,000 families, making posthumous title Wen Xin Hou. Invite guests to visit and want to be integrated with the world. Reese is a shed. Meng Ao, Wang Kun and Fu Hong are generals. When Wang was young, he first acceded to the throne as Minister of State.
Translation:
Qin Shihuang is the son of King Xiang of Qin State. King Xiang of Zhuang once lived in Handan, and Zhao was the grandson of Qin. There he saw Lv Buwei's concubine and loved her very much. He married her and gave birth to the first emperor. Qin Shihuang was born in Handan in the forty-eighth year of Qin Zhao (259 BC). After birth, he was named Zheng and surnamed Zhao. At the age of thirteen, King Xiang of Zhuang died, and Zheng succeeded to the throne and became the king of Qin.
At this time, the territory of Qin has annexed Ba County, Shu County and Hanzhong, crossed Wanxian County and occupied the capital of Chu State, and established Nanjun County. In the north, it collected eastern Shang Jun and occupied Hedong, Taiyuan and Shangdang County. East to Xingyang, destroy the Western Zhou Dynasty, destroy the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and establish Sanchuan County.
Lv Buwei is the Prime Minister, with 100,000 households and the title of Wen Xin Hou. Attract guests and tourists, hoping to annex the world. Reese is a shed. Meng Ao, Wang Kun and Fu Hong are generals. The king of Qin was young and just ascended the throne, entrusting state affairs to ministers.
The Biography of Qin Shihuang is from Historical Records, Volume VI, written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty.
Extended data
Chronicle of Qin Shihuang records the main activities and major events of Qin Shihuang and Qin Ershi's life in the form of a chronicle, with clear organization and rich content, which truly reflects the ever-changing historical scene during the 40 years before and after the establishment of the Qin Dynasty.
This chronicle focuses on the activities of Qin Shihuang and Qin Ershi, and is narrated year by year. There are many things in Jane, and summary and heavy pen alternate. After reading it through, it not only gives people the original appearance of history, but also makes people feel that everything is historical necessity, and the images of two generations of emperors are vividly presented in front of them.
In writing Qin Shihuang, firstly, he briefly described the process of deploying troops and dispatching troops to attack and annex the six countries on the basis of the previous generation's great victory, interspersed with events such as smashing Laoai Lv Buwei Group, Li Si's letter to remonstrate, Wei Fanzhi and Jing Ke's assassination.
Then he described his words, deeds and events after unifying the world in turn. On the one hand, he listed such things as discussing the Emperor's name, changing the calendar to suit colors, dividing the world into 36 counties, unifying laws, unified measurement and writing, patrolling stone carvings, taking Lvliang's land in the south, attacking the Huns in the north, building the Great Wall, debating the use of ancient learning in Xianyang Palace, burning books and burying Confucianism, and so on.
On the other hand, Qin Shihuang did not hesitate to send people into the sea to seek immortality, build Epang Palace and Lishan Mausoleum, and kill innocent people at will.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Biography of Qin Shihuang
2. The classical Chinese version of "The Tyranny of Qin Shihuang" briefly describes that Qin believed in the solid theory, held the land of Yongzheng, stuck to spying on the Zhou room, swept the world, embraced the world, and swallowed up the heart of eight famine.
When the time is right, Shang Jun will assist him, making laws at home, farming and weaving, maintaining the tools of war, and confronting the vassals abroad. So the Qin people surrendered and took the Xijiang River.
Without filial piety, Huiwen, Wuwu and Zhao Xiang inherited their careers. Because of its legacy, Hanzhong in the south, Ba and Shu in the west, fertile land in the east and key counties in the north. Feared, the vassal states sought to weaken the State of Qin through alliance, and did not cherish the precious and fertile land, so that the people of the world could join hands and become one.
At this time, there are Meng Chang, Zhao Pingyuan, Chu Chunshen and Wei Xinling. These four monarchs are wise and faithful, generous and caring, and respect the virtuous and value the virtuous. They are all from Tianping, belonging to Korea, Wei, Yan, Chu, Qi, Zhao, Song, Wei and Zhongshan.
So the people of the six countries are Ning Yue, Xu Shang, Su Qin and Du He; Qi Ming, Zhou Zui, Chen, Zhao Liu, Lou Slow and Zhai Jing all know what they mean. Wuqi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Ni Liang, Wang Xian, Tian Ji, Lian Po and Zhao She led the troops. Taste ten times the land, a million divisions, knock on the customs and attack Qin.
Qin people used to delay the enemy, the division of the nine countries, and did not dare to enter. Wu Qin's death cost him money, but the ruler of the world has been trapped.
So he was defeated from the loose contract and bribed Qin to cede territory. Qin spared no effort to control its disadvantages, chasing death and driving north, burying millions of bodies and bleeding; Take advantage of the trend, slaughter the world and split the mountains and rivers.
Strong countries please submit, weak countries enter the DPRK. Extending to the king of Zhuang Xiang, the country enjoys a shallow life and the country has nothing to do.
When Emperor Fen VI was fierce, he made a long-term plan to conquer the palace, swallowed the princes who died within two weeks, followed the supreme rule, and made Liuhe, whipping the world by beating and shocking the world. Take the land of Baiyue in the south as Guilin and Xiang Jun; Baiyue Wang bowed his head and tightened his neck, appointing officials.
Is to let Meng Tian build the Great Wall in the north and keep the fence. The Huns are only more than 700 miles away; The conference semifinals dare not go south to herd horses, and the scholars dare not bow to their knees. So let's abolish Wang Zhidao and burn the words of a hundred schools of thought. Famous city, killing heroes; Take the soldiers of the world, gather in Xianyang, sell dysprosium, and cast them into twelve gold people to weaken the people of the world.
Then, Jianhua will become a city, because the river is a pool. According to the city of 100 million feet, it will be strong because of the unexpected abyss. A good general will guard the key points with a strong crossbow, and a loyal minister will be Chen Libing.
The world is set, and the emperor's heart begins, thinking that Guanzhong is solid, Jincheng is thousands of miles away, and the descendants of the emperor will always have a career. I have been shocked by this unusual custom since the first emperor died.
However, Chen She's son Weng Huan's rope pivot is a self-protection official, and immigrants are also; Talents are not as good as Chinese people, not as good as the wealth of sages in Mo Zhai, Zhong Ni, Tao Zhu and Yi Dun; Wandering among the ranks, squatting in the hustle and bustle, the rate of exhaustion of soldiers, hundreds of people, turned to attack Qin; Chop firewood for soldiers, uncover poles for flags, and the world will gather to respond, and seize grain with the scenery. Shandong Haojun rose together and Qin family died.
Besides, the world is not small and weak, and Yongzhou is solid and self-sufficient. Chen She's position is not respected by Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Song, Wei and Zhongshan. It is not the same as the long shovel of the hook; The people stationed in the garrison are not resistant to the division of the nine countries; Visionary, marching with troops, not for the people of the times.
However, there are differences between success and failure, and vice versa. Try to make Lu and Chen She bigger and bigger, and we can't talk about it in the same year.
Qin, however, is a mere place, but it has become a thousand times more powerful, with eight countries in the same column, which has been more than a hundred years. Then take Liuhe as home and faith as palace; Water under the bridge, but difficult to be alone. Benevolence and kindness are not applied, and the tendency to attack and defend is different. Qin and the sea, and the ministers, the south proclaimed himself to support the four seas.
People on earth, brilliant with the wind, is this really the case? Yue: There has been no king recently. Zhou Shi humble, five bully was killed, the world is hard to let. So the princes ruled, the strong invaded the weak, the tyrannical widows were suppressed, and the soldiers and the people stopped.
Today, Qinnan is the king of the world, and the world has a son of heaven. Now that the people of Yuan Yuan have saved their lives, they must look up modestly. At this time, defending one's rights and making contributions is the foundation of security.
The king of Qin was greedy for profit, did not believe in merit, did not kiss the gentry, abolished the royal power, established private rights, prohibited documents from abusing the law, and cheated power before benevolence, which began with tyranny. It's different to marry a cunning and stable husband.
It is not easy for Qin to rule the world from the Warring States period, and its politics will not change, which is why it is different. There is loneliness, so its death can stand.
In order to control the state affairs, the king of Qin asked him to plan the affairs of the world, and the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were defeated. Although he is the Lord of obscenity and arrogance, he is not in danger. Therefore, the three kings built the world with their good names and long-term achievements.
Today, when Qin Ershi is established, the world must lead and observe its government. Cold husbands are rich, hungry husbands are poor, and the world is full of money.
This remark is easy for Wei Minren. Xiang Shi No.2 had a trip to the main body, while Ren Zhongxian, the minister, was preoccupied with domestic troubles and foreign invasion. He was just the fault of the first emperor. Divide and rule after sealing the hero, open the country to honor the world, avoid its punishment, in addition to its crime of collecting dirty Tang, make each turn against his hometown, set up a warehouse to distribute money, in order to
In other words, everyone in the world is happy in his own place and afraid of change. Although there are treacherous people who die unintentionally, unscrupulous ministers can't decorate their wisdom, and violent rape will stop. II can't do this, which is not good for the ancestral temple and the people, and even worse for Epang Palace. The punishments are complicated, the punishments are severe, the bureaucratic management is deep, the rewards and punishments are improper, the collection is excessive, and there are many things in the world. Officials can punish them, and the people are poor, but the lords get a shirt.
Then, traitors and forgeries started together, shirking each other from top to bottom, the guilty hanged, and the punishment was contrary to the law, and the world suffered. As for your majesty's inferiority, he is worried about himself, near poverty and uneasy about his position, so he is easy to move.
Therefore, Chen She doesn't need the sage of Tang Wu or the respect of governors, but bravely strives for osawa and responds to the danger of the world. Therefore, the late king saw the change from beginning to end and knew the chance of survival. This was in the way of herders, and things were safe.
Although there are retrograde ministers in the world, there will be no response. Therefore, it is also called "peaceful people can do just things, and dangerous people are prone to make mistakes".
You are the son of heaven, rich in the world, and you have to kill people. It's also II's fault.
Qin also served as a vassal of more than 30 counties in Shandong, repaired the Tianjin Pass, blocked it according to risks, and was guarded by armored soldiers. However, Chen She, with hundreds of scattered troops, bravely shouted that there were no soldiers bowing and halberds.
3. Main Contents of Historical Records Qin Shihuang Qin Shihuang (259 BC-265438 BC+00 BC) was the first centralized country in China history-the founding emperor of the Qin Dynasty. The surname is Zhao (Qin Qianyi's surname). Later, it was enfeoffed, with the country as the surname ... The State of Qin named Zhao Cheng after its first jujube mansion. -"Historical Records of Qin Benji") Zheng Ming, son of King Xiang of Qin Zhuang, Han nationality. In 247 BC, Wang Zheng, the king of Qin, was born in Handan, the capital of Zhao State (now Handan City, Hebei Province) and became king at the age of 13. Because he is young, he is in charge of the affairs of the Queen Mother and neighboring countries Lv Buwei and Ai. In 238 BC (the ninth year of the reign of the King of Qin), when Qin Shihuang was 22 years old, he held an adult coronation ceremony of the monarch in the ancient capital Yongcheng, and began to "govern the country personally", getting rid of Lv Buwei, Lao Ai and others, and reusing Lisi and Liao Wei. From 230 BC to 22 BC1year, the six countries of Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi perished one after another. Xianyang is its capital. Qin thought that his contribution was better than that of the previous Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and changed the year number unanimously agreed by ministers to "Emperor". Qin Shihuang was the first monarch to use the title of "Emperor" in the history of China, which had a far-reaching influence on the history of China and the world. He was the actual initiator of the Han nationality and was praised as "an emperor through the ages" by Li Zhi, a thinker in the Ming Dynasty.
In 259 BC, 1 year old, Qin Shihuang was born; In 247 BC, Qin Shihuang ascended the throne at the age of 13; In 238 BC, at the age of 22, he officially took power and got rid of Lv Buwei and Laoai Group. From 230 BC to 22 BC1year, aged 30-39, Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were wiped out in ten years. From 22 1 year BC to 2 10/year BC, he claimed to be the emperor at the age of 39-50, unified the system and built the Great Wall, which made important contributions to the history of China. 2 13 BC, 47 years old, burning poetry books; 2 12 BC, 48 years old, warlock; In 2 10 BC, the 50-year-old Qin Shihuang died in a parade.
4. The death of Qin Shihuang is the best introduction in classical Chinese:
When Emperor Fen VI was fierce, he made a long-term plan to conquer the palace, swallowed the princes who died within two weeks, followed the supreme rule, and made Liuhe, whipping the world by beating and shocking the world. Take the land of Baiyue in the south as Guilin and Xiang Jun; Baiyue Wang bowed his head and tightened his neck, appointing officials. So Meng Tian built the Great Wall and guarded the fence in the north, but the Huns were more than 700 miles away. The conference semifinals dare not go south to herd horses, and the scholars dare not bow to their knees. So let's abolish Wang Zhidao and burn the words of a hundred schools of thought. The famous city of Xi(Huē) killed heroes, gathered soldiers from all over the world, gathered in Xianyang, sold dysprosium (dí), and cast twelve gold men to weaken the people from all over the world. Then, Jianhua will become a city, because the river is a pool. According to the city of 100 million feet, it will be strong because of the unexpected abyss. A good general will guard the key points with a strong crossbow, and a loyal minister will be Chen Libing. The world is set, and the emperor's heart begins, thinking that Guanzhong is solid, Jincheng is thousands of miles away, and the descendants of the emperor will always have a career.
Qin, however, is a mere place, but it has become a thousand times more powerful, with eight countries in the same column, which has been more than a hundred years. Then take Liuhe as home and faith as palace; Water under the bridge, but difficult to be alone. Benevolence and kindness are not applied, and the tendency to attack and defend is different.
The key point is that "attacking without benevolence and righteousness is different from defending."
Can you tell me something about the ancient prose describing the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor? According to historical records, in the underground palace, there are all kinds of strange things in the palace.
Rivers and seas are flooded with mercury, and machines instill it. There is astronomy above and geography below.
Take mermaid cream as a candle, and it will last for a long time. According to Hanshu, the underground palace takes the sarcophagus as the coffin, human ointment as the candle, mercury as the river and gold as the goose.
Treasure, change weapons, beautiful coffins, prosperous temples, invincible. ""Three springs are laid, gold and jade are combined, copper is refined inside, and paint is painted outside. They are decorated with golden jade and become Zhongshan sightseeing. "
-According to the "Three Auxiliary Stories", "There are 700 steps around, with the bright moon as the pearl, fish paste as the fat candle, gold and silver as the goose, 30 boxes of gold silkworm, and four doors to apply the emblem." -According to "Three Ji Qin", "In the tomb of the first emperor, the luminous pearl is the sun and the moon, hanging the sun and the moon beads, and it is bright day and night.
"Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor" wrote: At the beginning of the first emperor's accession to the throne, he ruled Mount Li. And the world, the world sent more than 700 thousand people.
Through three springs, the lower half is blocked, resulting in stagnation. There are hundreds of officials in the palace, all kinds of strange things, and they are constantly migrating.
Let the craftsman make a crossbow, and people who wear it at close range need to shoot it. Take mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, and instill it by machine.
There is astronomy above and geography below. Taking mermaid cream (said to be a four-legged fish, born in the sea) as a candle will last for a long time.
Then, Ban Gu, another great historian of the Han Dynasty, described the construction and destruction of the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor. In the biography of Liu Hanxiang, he wrote: The first emperor was buried in Mount Li, with three springs below and three graves above. It is more than 50 feet high, more than 5 miles in a week. Stone pier is a tourist hall, mermaid is a candle, and mercury is a river and ocean. ..... Ji Xiang burned down his palace and camped in the past to watch the excavation. Later, the shepherd lost his sheep and it got into his chisel. The shepherd raised a fire for the sheep, but it caught fire and burned his hidden coffin.
Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, also had a similar account in the Notes on Water Classics: Qin Shihuang was buried in a big place, and the mountain was set as Lantian, whose yin was rich in gold and its yang was rich in jade. The first emperor was greedy for his good name, so he hid it. Chisel mountains and stones, cover three springs, use copper as a coffin, detour more than 30 miles, draw astronomical stars on the top, and use mercury as four blasphemies, hundred rivers, five prisons and Kyushu, which has geographical potential.
Palace officials and rare treasures abound. ..... Xiang Yu entered the customs and made it. Three hundred thousand people carried things for thirty days.
Thieves in Kanto sell copper, shepherds look for sheep to burn, and the fire can't be put out in ninety days. Zhang Hua's Natural History in Jin Dynasty is very valuable. There is a folk song during the construction of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum: stones are transported to Ganquankou, and the Weihe River does not flow; Thousands of people sing, ten thousand people swear, Jinling is as big as a stone (soil area).
Du Mu, the minister of the Ministry of Industry in the Ming Dynasty, is a person who likes to explore historical sites. He "sent envoys to Qin" and made new supplements and records after inspecting the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang. "Story of Mount Li" wrote: On Friday, in the inner city of the first imperial tomb, there were four old city gates, and the outer city was twenty miles, all located in the south, with two hills juxtaposed. People say: this is also the south gate.
The stone pivot of the right door is still exposed in the soil, and the height of the mausoleum can reach four zhangs. Both Xiang Yu and Huang Chao have tasted it. The old man said: the emperor was buried in the mountains, which is a feature.
There are some rumors and records about this man-made mountain in other ancient books, such as Miscellanies of Xijing, Records of Sanqin, Stories of Sanfu, Miscellanies of Mountain Mausoleum and Records of Chang 'an County and Country. .
6. Introduction to ancient Chinese prose in the Han Dynasty: A brief introduction to Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu, (256 BC-BC 195), word season,No. Pei Gong, posthumous title Gao,No. Tan Poulnot. Gaozu
Pei Jun was born in Li Zhongyang (now Fengxian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). Born in Zhou Nanwang in fifty-nine years, that is, February 8th, 256 BC.
He ranks third among the four brothers. Open-minded and generous, knowing people and being good at their duties.
In 2 16 BC, at the age of 31, he was the curator of Surabaya Pavilion. In September 209 BC, Ren Chen took part in the uprising led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu, and later joined the camp of Chu. Another general, Xiang Yu, took the lead in attacking Xianyang, the capital of Qin, to destroy Qin, and was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, without the main force of Qin against his own army. Based in Shu, Liu Bang launched a four-year battle between Chu and Han with Xiang Yu.
In 206 BC, B proclaimed himself emperor in Luoyang and established the Han Dynasty. Since then, * * * has been geographically unified, laying the foundation for its future strength. He moved his capital to Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) for twelve years and died on April 25th, BC 195. 6/Kloc-0 was buried in the east of Xianyang County, Xi, Shaanxi Province, named Changling.
Lv Yanzhi died in 179 BC and was buried in Dongling, Xianyang County, Chang 'an. How many sons does Liu Bang have? Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of the Han Dynasty, was originally married to his wife, and had many concubines such as Qi and Bo.
Liu Bang gave birth to eight sons with them: the eldest son Liu Fei (King Qi), the second son Liu Ying (filial piety), the third son Liu Ruyi (King Zhao), the fourth son Wendi, the fifth son Liu Hui (King Liang), the sixth son Liu You (King Huai Yang), the seventh son Huai Nan (King Huai Nan) and the eighth son Liu Jian (Prince Yan). Who's Liu Yuxin Bunley? Who was the emperor after Liu Bang? The prince of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was Liu Ying (Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty, the second emperor of the Western Han Dynasty).
Liu bang has eight sons. Liu Ying is the second son of Liu Bang and his ex-wife Lv Zhi (Lv Hou).
Liu Ying was born in the thirty-sixth year of Qin Shihuang (2 1 1 BC). When Liu Bang became the emperor of the Han Dynasty, he made Prince Wei Liu. At this time, Liu Yingcai was nine years old.
7. Qin Shihuang's life poems, ancient style, Qin Wang sweeping Liuhe, formerly known as: ancient style (third)
The king of Qin swept Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai. Swords make clouds, and princes come to the West.
Judging from the apocalypse, it can generally drive a group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward.
Gong Ming will benefit from the mountains and look at Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers set out from Mount Li.
It's sad to be at a loss about taking the elixir of life. Even crossbows can shoot marine fish. The long whale is Cui Wei.
The forehead and nose are like five mountains, and the waves are thundering. You can't see Penglai if you cover the blue sky.
Xu is carrying Qin's daughter. When will this ship come back? But see three springs, golden coffin buried cold ashes.
Write an inscription? Just choose from it directly. . . Historical masterpieces, after thousands of years of elutriation, must be the essence, what a summary!