Let's start with a few officials, big shots. ...

Zhou Pingwang

My son, whose name is Yijiu, was born by his wife Shen. At the beginning, he was made a prince, and later he was abolished by the king. He was also made a favorite princess and praised his son as a prince. After Wang You's death, Yi Jiu established the throne for Zhou Pingwang in Shen Hou, Lu Hou and Xu Wengong. In 770 BC, King Ping moved the capital to Luoyi. "At the time of Wang Ping, the Zhou Dynasty declined, and the princes were strong and weak. Qi, Chu, Qin and Jin began to grow, and the government was ruled by Fang Bo." Wang Ping spent 50 years at home and abroad, and died in 720 BC.

Qin Xianggong

Qin was listed as the first generation monarch of princes. During the rebellion, Quan Rong attacked Haojiang and led troops to save Zhou. Wang Ping moved to the east, and Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort him to seal the vassal. After Pingwang moved to the east, the land east of Qishan, which was beyond the control of the royal family, was given to Qin, which laid the foundation for the future strength of Qin.

Zheng Zhuanggong

Zheng Wugong's son, Sheng Mao, was the monarch of Zheng in the early Spring and Autumn Period, and his reign lasted from 743 BC to 70 BC1year. He once put down the rebellion of his brother's uncle Duan, and after martial arts, he became a scholar. Later, in order to weaken Zheng's influence, he split himself into Guo and appointed Guo Gong to avoid his father as a right scholar and a left scholar, so Zhou and Zheng clashed and the two sides exchanged hostages. Soon after, Zhou Pingwang died, and his successor, King Huan of Zhou, intended to leave Duke Guo in power alone. As a result, there was an argument between the two sides. In 707 BC, just after King Huan of Zhou resigned as a Jinshi, Zheng Zhuanggong took revenge and refused to appear before the King of Zhou. So King Huan led Cai, Wei, Chen and other divisions to attack Zheng, fought with Ge, and was defeated by Zheng ... In 70 BC1year, Qi, Wei and Song were summoned to go to evil Cao (now southwest Henan), which almost became the overlord in the early Spring and Autumn Period.

week

Zhou Pingwang's son, Lin Ming, was the second generation king of Zhou Dynasty in the early years of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and his reign lasted from 7 19 BC to 697 BC. At the beginning of the reign of King Huan, in order to strengthen the imperial power and continue to weaken the Qing forces, he still maintained the strength of "Zhou Zong". At an appropriate time, defending the country and establishing a monarch will be false to the royal family; The civil strife in the state of Jin requires the royal family to intervene, so that the royal family can still freely seize the land of Zheng. In 707 BC, King Huan seized Zheng, but refused to go to court. King Huan can also lead the vassal's division to attack Zheng, and the two sides fought with Ge, and Zheng was defeated. From then on, the royal family declined, although it was once successful, but Huan Wang was unable to cheer up, and the situation of "ritual and music conquering from princes" was formed.

Qi Huangong

Xiaobai, one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, fled to Ju 'an when his brother Qi Xianggong was in office. In 686 BC, he was killed and first returned to Qi. With the help of Qi Guogao's family, he won the throne. Qi Huangong appointed Guan Zhong to carry out administrative reform and develop production, which greatly increased the economic and military strength of Qi, respected the king and resisted foreign countries, gained the advantage of "holding the emperor to make the vassal", and also complied with the situation that Emperor Rong invaded at that time, and all countries in the Central Plains were concerned about how to resist. Qi Huangong gained high prestige among countries and eventually became the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Song Xianggong

One of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. The son of Duke Huan of Song Dynasty, whose name was Zifu, acceded to the throne in 650 BC. After Qi Huangong's death, the philosophers fought for power, and for the sake of Qi Xiaogong, they escorted the prince of Zhao back to China by force to seize the throne. He thinks he has contributed to filial piety, and attempts to succeed him as emperor with filial piety as capital. However, after all, the strength of Song State was insufficient, and Song Xianggong himself was pedantic and stubborn, so his hegemony ended in failure.

Jin Wengong

One of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Xiangong's son's name was favored, and he made his son a prince and framed him. Zhong Er was dragged into trouble and forced to flee. Zhong Er was in exile for 19 years, and it was not until 637 BC that he returned to the State of Jin with the help of the State of Qin and ascended the throne for Jin Wengong. Jin Wengong appoints talents internally, reforms military and political affairs, and strengthens national strength; Respect Zhou Wang to the outside world, help the royal family to calm the chaos, and gain the reputation of "respecting the king". Jin Wengong finally eliminated Cao Que and became the overlord of the Central Plains.

Duke Mu of Qin

Ren Hao, the youngest son of Qin Degong and the younger brother of Cheng Gong, was the monarch of Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Period. His reign was from 659 BC to 62 BC1year. He appointed Priscilla, Jian Shuhe as advisers, defeated the State of Jin, captured Jin and destroyed Liang and Rui. Later, in the battle of Gansu (now southeast of Sanmenxia, Henan Province), he was attacked by Jin Jun and was defeated. His expedition to the west, "benefiting the country for twelve years, opening Wan Li, and then dominating Xirong", made a certain contribution to the development of Qin State and the ethnic integration in the ancient west. He is a politician who has made some achievements.

Chu Zhuangwang

The son of King Chu Mu, a famous couple, was the king of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 6 13 BC to 59 1 BC. He once rectified the internal affairs, built water conservancy projects, appointed a civilian Sun Shuai as Lingyin, developed the economy, and made agriculture, industry and commerce go their separate ways. Politically, they followed the Decree of the State of Chu, paid attention to choosing the old nobles, and "chose the family name at home, and chose the foreign surname in the old", which strengthened the power of the nobles. Militarily, advocate the laws made by Chu Wuwang again, so that the soldiers can unite as one. These powerful measures laid a material foundation for Chu Zhuangwang's hegemony. In 665438 BC+065438 BC+0 BC, Chu Zhuangwang attacked Yongzhou (now southwest of Zhushan, Hubei), making the country rich and powerful. Then, he attacked Zhou Jiang, Rong He of Lu Hun, and sent someone to ask Jiuding, a symbol of the authority of the son of heaven. Later, in the northern war in Xingyang, Henan Province, the Jin army was defeated, and countries such as Lu, Song, Zheng and Chen joined in succession and became the hegemon of the Central Plains. The shadow behind the boss (roughly in chronological order)

Guan zhong

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a politician in the State of Qi, whose name was Yiwu, whose middle word was Guan. It is said that he did business in his early years and then engaged in political activities. In the struggle for the throne between Xiao Bai (Qi Huangong) and Gong Zijiu, the sons of Qi, Guan Zhong once supported Gong Zijiu. After Xiao Bai acceded to the throne, Bao recommended to forget the past, reuse Guan Zhong as prime minister and implement political reform. Politically, the system of participating in and discussing state affairs and despising the state is implemented, that is, the monarch and the second secretary jointly govern the state, set up military organizations at all levels, and stipulate that scholars, industry and commerce go their own ways; Economically, the reform of land rent and tax has led to the reduction of minefields, and some policies conducive to the development of agriculture and handicrafts have been adopted.

On the basis of stabilizing and improving the domestic political and economic situation, Guan Zhong actively urged Qi Huangong to adopt the policy of respecting the king, resisting foreign countries and seeking hegemony. Starting from the alliance of Beixing (now Ludong) in 68 1 BC, Guan Zhong successively assisted in "saving Xing and Wei", cutting Cai and Chu, and defending troops in Zhaoling, which prevented Chu from going deep into the Central Plains. At the same time, he repeatedly made things difficult for Wang Pingrong, and even recruited governors to send troops to help defend Zhou. In 65 1 year BC, representatives from Zhou Gong, Song, Wei, Zheng, Xu and Cao attended a meeting in Kuiqiu (present-day Lankao, Henan), which reached the peak of their hegemony.

As a politician of Qi State, Guan Zhong's internal and external policies are a combination of conservatism and innovation, with obvious duality and transition. However, after all, he helped Qi Huangong realize his hegemony. Confucius said, "Without Guan Zhong, I only have a weak heart." This is a fact.

Baoshuya

During the Spring and Autumn Period, doctors in the State of Qi were famous for knowing people. I befriended Guan Zhong as a teenager. Later, there was chaos in the world, and Guan Zhong and Gong Zijiu went out to Lu. Xianggong was killed and Xiaobai competed for the throne. Xiao Bai won the throne, that is, Qi Huangong. Huan Gong appointed him Prime Minister, but he declined to recommend Guan Zhong. Later, after Guan Zhong's reform, Qi became increasingly prosperous, and Qi Huangong became the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Huyan

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the sons and uncles of the State of Jin were also called uncle criminals. He lived in exile with Zhong Er for 19 years, traveled around the world, and helped Zhong Er return to China and ascended the throne. After returning home, he went to Gonosuke to help Jin Wengong reform its internal affairs, called for "respect for the king", put down the chaos led by the prince, defeated the Chu army in Chengpu (now southwest of Shandong Juancheng), and made Jin Wengong the overlord.

Deduction of solution

A meson push, an intermediary push, a nobleman of Jin State in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was expelled from Jin Wengong, and when Wen Gong returned to China, he rewarded his followers. He and his mother lived in seclusion in Mianshan (now southeast of Jiexiu, Shanxi) and died later. Duke Wen couldn't find it. He once took Mianshan as his name and later called Mianshan the boundary mountain. He also said that Wen Gong burned the mountain to force him out, and he was burned to death because he didn't want to come out.

Zhao Shuai

That is, Zhao, also known as Meng, was the secretary of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He lived in exile with his son Zhong Er (Jin Wengong) for 19 years, and helped Zhong Er to return to China and inherit the throne. After returning home, he worked as a doctor in Yuan Yuan (now Jiyuan North, Henan Province), also known as Jin Yuan. Later, he served as a new general of the army and an assistant of the Chinese army. He also recommended Xian Zhen, Luan Zhi and others to help Wen Gong establish hegemony.

Priscilla (female name)

Doctor Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He used to be a doctor, but when he died, he was captured by Jin and sent to Qin as a dowry minister. Later, he went to Chu State and was held hostage by Chu people. He was redeemed by Qin Mugong with five black sheepskins and used as a doctor. He was called the Five Doctors. Together with Jianshu and other ministers, he established a hegemony.

Kenshu

Doctor Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. There is a good name, recommended by Priscilla, and Qin Mugong was appointed as a doctor. In 628 BC, he tried to attack Zheng, but he tried to dissuade him. He thought that a long-distance sneak attack would tire the army and Zheng would be prepared. Mu Gong didn't listen, but sent Meng Mingdong to levy. When his son was in the army, he sent him away in tears, claiming that he was defeated by Jin in Xiaoshan. As a result, when I arrived in Liu (now southeast of Yanshi, Henan Province), I knew that Zheng Zao was prepared. When I returned to Lushan, I was ambushed by 8 Jin Army and completely annihilated. Coach Meng Ming and others were arrested, and Mu Gong deeply regretted not listening to him.

Yan ying

Zhong Ping, a native of Yiwei (now Gaomi, Shandong Province), was a doctor in the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. In 556 BC, after the death of his father Wei Yan, he succeeded Qi Qing, who served as Gong Ling, Zhuang Gong and Gong Jing III. He was ordered to marry Jin and predicted that the Qi regime would eventually be replaced by Tian. There is an ancient book, The Spring and Autumn Annals of Yan Zi, which was compiled by people during the Warring States Period.

Wu Wangliao

Wang Yu, the son of Wu, or Shu Xiong, named Zhou Yu, was the king of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his reign was from 526 BC to 5 15 BC. He attacked Chu many times, and was later killed by Zhuan Xu, a samurai who was asked for help by Gongziguang (that is, He Lv, the prince of Wu).

Zhuzhu

A work was established in the Spring and Autumn Period, when people lived in Tangyi (now northwest of Liuhe, Jiangsu). He Lv, the prince of Wu, wanted to kill Liao Wang and stand on his own feet, so Wu Zixu recommended him to Gongsun Gongguang. In 5 15 BC, the son took advantage of the emptiness inside the kingdom of Wu, conspired with Zhuan Xu, hid a dagger in the belly of a fish in the name of entertaining, and assassinated it on the spot. Zhuan Xu was also killed by Wu Wangliao's guards. Childe light self-reliance as king, is for the prince He Lv, is the son of Zhuan Xu Zhu Weiqing.

Wu Wang and the donkey.

After the death of Wu Wang Shoumeng, he ascended the throne and died. His younger brother Yu died, Yu succeeded to the throne in turn, and his fourth brother abdicated. The throne should have belonged to the son of Fan Gongzi Guang, but Zizhou, that is, Wu Wangliao, succeeded to the throne, and Gongzi Guang was extremely dissatisfied. In 5 15 BC, Wu Wangliao sent troops to attack Chu, and Wu Jun was besieged. Childe light seize the opportunity to seize power, sent Zhuan Xu stabbed to death, boarded the throne of Prince He Lv (also known as). He Lv, the king of Wu, appointed Sun Wu, Wu Yuan and other wise ministers, and his national strength was greatly boosted. He defeated Chu several times and invaded Ying, the capital of Chu (now Jiangling North, Hubei Province), which was a great success. Later, in the battle against Vietnam, He Lu was injured and sacrificed.

Gou Jian

Betty Wong Yunchang's son. In 496 BC, Gou Jian ascended the throne and defeated Wu Shi in Lida in the same year. In 494 BC, Wu Jun was defeated by Fu Cha and forced to surrender to the State of Wu, so Gou Jian became a vassal of the State of Wu. In the next 20 years, Gou Jian endured humiliation, appointed virtuous ministers, expanded the population, developed production, rebuilt the armed forces, and the state of Yue became strong again. Since 482 BC, the attack on the State of Wu has started. In 473, the state of Wu perished and the southeast region was unified. Later, Gou Jian went north for hegemony, ran rampant in Jianghuai and claimed to be the overlord.

Wu Wang Fucha

Son of He Lv, King of Wu. After the death of He Lv, Fu Cha succeeded to the throne. Focha is obsessed with his father's revenge and is determined to take revenge. A few years later, Fu Cha attacked Vietnam on a large scale, and the Vietnamese army was defeated and surrendered to Wu. Fu Cha didn't listen to Wu Yuan's advice to destroy Yue, but listened to the words of the courtiers Taizai and Yue Yi, and lost the opportunity to unify the southeast. After taking Vietnam, Fu Cha became increasingly arrogant, went north to the Central Plains for hegemony, and fought for years, which led to the emptiness of national strength. At this time, after years of accumulation, my strength increased and I was constantly attacked by Wu. In 473 BC, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, committed suicide.

Wu Zixu

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor in the State of Wu named Chu, who was the son of a famous official. In 522 BC, his father, Wu She, was killed and fled to the State of Wu through Song, Zheng and other countries. Later, Gong Ziguang (that is, Prince He Lu of Wu) assassinated Wu Wangliao, seized the throne, and reorganized the army and martial arts to make the country prosperous. Shortly after the invasion of Chu, he made Shen a hero, also known as Shen. When Fu Cha, the late King of Wu, advised the King of Wu to reject the peace of Yue and stop cutting Qi. The prince of Wu refused to listen and was gradually alienated. Finally, the king of Wu gave him a sword and ordered him to commit suicide.

Kurt Sun

Qi people, word evergreen, strategist in the Spring and Autumn Period. He Lv, the prince of Wu, was seen in Thirteen Articles on the Art of War by Sun Tzu. On the recommendation of Wu Zixu, he was appointed as a general and led Wu Jun to attack Chu. He advocated that the reform should be strong, and thought that the land system reform carried out by the Sixth Qing of Jin State at that time could be successful. It holds that "soldiers are a national event" and puts forward that "know yourself and know yourself, and fight in every battle", paying attention to understanding the situation, comprehensively analyzing the contradictory aspects such as enemy and ourselves, being outnumbered, strength, reality, attack and defense, advance and retreat, and defeating the enemy by understanding and mastering the objective laws of war. He also pointed out that "the soldiers are unpredictable, the water is unpredictable, and the enemy can win because of the change, which is called the god", emphasizing the "singularity" and flexible use of strategy and tactics. His works include Sun Tzu's Art of War, which is the most outstanding art book in China and is highly valued all over the world.

Shen

Shen, the descendant of Chu Junmao, was named Baoxu, also known as Wang Sunbaoxu, a noble of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He and Wu Zixu became bosom friends. In 506 AD, Wu Zixu used his plan to attack Chu. He went to the state of Qin for help, cried in the court for seven days and seven nights, and finally made the state of Qin send troops to save Chu.

uncle

Doctor Chu, grandson of Bozhou Plough, was a minister of the State of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. When Bo was plowed by Chu, his grandson went to Wu. Later, he was promoted to Taizai for his merits. Fu Cha, the prince of Wu, loved him. After Wu broke Yue, he was bribed by Yue, made peace, and slandered Wu Zixu many times. After Wu's death, he was demoted to minister of Yue. He was killed by Gou Jian, the King of Yue.

Language category

Chu Ying was a man of few words, a doctor of Yue at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. In 494 BC, the more it was broken by Wu, the more it fell into Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He bribed Wu Taizai to Gou Jian, the king of Yue, to avoid national subjugation. After returning to China, Gou Jian was awarded the state administration, and the monarch and his subjects worked hard to strengthen the country and finally destroyed the State of Wu. Later, Gou Jian listened to rumors and gave him a sword to commit suicide.

fan li

Wan, a native of Chu State (now Nanyang, Henan Province), was a politician in the late Spring and Autumn Period. At the beginning, when he was defeated by the king of Wu, he went to Wei Zhi of Wu for two years. After returning to China, he helped Gou Jian, the king of Yue, to work hard and destroy the State of Wu. After that, he traveled to Qi State, named Zipi, and went to Tao (now northwest of Dingtao, Shandong Province). He changed his name and made a fortune in business. He believes that the weather and integrity change with the contradiction between yin and yang, and the rise and fall of the country's situation is also constantly changing. When dealing with the enemy, we should make plans according to the changes in the situation. If we are strong, we should guard against arrogance and rashness. If we are weak, we should strive for favorable opportunities and create favorable conditions to turn weak into strong ones. He also believes that the price change is due to the surplus and shortage of supply and demand, and advocates that food should be bought by the government when it is cheap and sold at a low price when it is expensive. Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi recorded two pieces of Fan Li, both of which have been lost. His remarks can be found in Mandarin Vietnamese and Historical Records and Biography of Huo Zhi.

Xishi

Be yourself first, the Vietnamese people in the late Spring and Autumn Period. It was presented to Fu Cha, King of Wu by Gou Jian, King of Yue, and became Fu Cha's favorite concubine. Legend has it that Wu entered the five lakes after his death, which can be found in Chunqiu and Yuejueshu. According to this story, Liang Chenyu in Ming Dynasty compiled the legendary "Huansha Ji".

Wei Wenhou

Ming Si, the grandson of Wei, was the first monarch of Wei during the Warring States Period. He was the founder of the State of Wei, and he reigned from 445 BC to 396 BC. It was thought that the prime minister, Wu Qi as the general and Ximen Bao as the chief minister (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province) rewarded farming, built water conservancy projects and carried out reforms, making Wei a powerful country at that time. He once took the Hexi of Qin State in the west (between the Yellow River and the North Luoshui), crossed the Zhao State in the north to attack and destroy Zhongshan, led the allied forces of Korea and Zhao to open eastward, defeated the Qi army to the Great Wall of Qi, and also cut Chu in the south, which curbed Chu's journey to the north and became a hero in the early years of the Warring States Period.

Qi Weiwang

Wu Tian's son, named Yin Qi, was the monarch of Qi during the Warring States Period, and his reign lasted from 356 BC to 320 BC. At the beginning of the accession to the throne, there was a situation in Qi that "the princes were separated and the people were in poverty". Faced with this frustrating situation, Qi Weiwang has taken severe practical measures. He appointed Zou Ji as prime minister, Tian Ji and Sun Bin as generals and military advisers, and rectified the bureaucracy as an honest official to get rid of the drawbacks. "There are 72 county magistrates, one is rewarded (Dr. Jimo) and one is fined (Dr. A)." Over the past few years, the national strength has gradually increased. In 34 BC1year, Qi defeated Wei Jun in Maling (now southwest of Fanxian County, Henan Province), and forced him to appear in Xuzhou (now south of tengxian, Shandong Province) in 334 BC. The two men respected each other as kings, which is known in history as "welcoming Xuzhou as king". At the same time, he inherited his father's school in Linzi (now northeast Zibo), the capital of Shandong Province, and attracted scholars from all walks of life to write books, discuss politics and give lectures.