1972- 1973 Training Course for Studying Abroad of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
1973- 1975 international relations major, Ilya College, University of Bath and London School of Economics.
1975- 1983 Member of the Translation Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1983- 1987 Second Secretary, First Secretary and Counsellor of the Embassy in the United States
1987- 1990 counsellor and director of the translation room of the Ministry of foreign affairs
1990- 1993 counsellor, director and deputy director of the American studies department of the Ministry of foreign affairs (1990.08)
1993- 1995 minister of the American embassy
1995- 1998 assistant foreign minister and member of the party Committee (during this period: 1995.08- 1996.03 concurrently served as the head of the American university; 1996.09-1996.11Central Party School Provincial and Ministerial Cadres Training Course)
1998-2000 vice minister of foreign affairs and member of the party Committee
2000-2004 Ambassador to the United States
2004-2005 Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs and Member of the Party Committee
2005-2007 Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee (200 1-2006 In-service postgraduate majoring in world history, Department of History, Nanjing University, with a doctorate in history)
2007-20 13 Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee
20 13—— State Councilor, member of the Party Group of the State Council, and director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Leading Group.